Reactions

Non notée

Année : 2014

Nombre de saisons : 9

Durée moyenne d'un épisode : 8 minutes

Genre(s) :

Reactions is a show that uncovers the hidden chemistry all around us. We answer life's burning questions that you’ve always wanted to ask, like: – How Do Pregnancy Tests Work? – What Exactly Happened at Chernobyl? – What Are Century Eggs? – How Can You See an Atom? We answer those questions and many, many more on our channel! Subscribe and turn on notifications so don't miss the newest reactions videos. Created by Adam Dylewski Reactions team: Matthew Radcliff, Elaine Seward, Andrew Sobey, Janali Thompson, Darren Weaver, Alex Dainis, George Zaidan. Produced by the American Chemical Society The fine print: The views expressed in these videos do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the American Chemical Society or its members.

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Épisodes

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Épisode 30 - Is Aspartame Safe?

15 juin 2015

This week Reactions is using science to let you know if aspartame is safe. This FDA approved consumer safe chemical has people in a tizzy about its safety. It’s been around for decades and it’s probably in your diet soda – for a little while longer anyway. PepsiCo announced recently it was removing the artificial sweetener aspartame from its Diet Pepsi products in the U.S. starting in August. The company cited consumer concerns about the chemical’s safety. So this week, Reactions answers the question, “Is aspartame safe?” Sources: 1. Cancer & Health Risks - http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/othercarcinogens/athome/aspartame 2. Metabolites of Aspartame - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23553132 3. C&EN What’s that Stuff - http://pubs.acs.org/cen/whatstuff/stuff/8225sweeteners.html 4. Toxicology Studies of Aspartame - https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/htdocs/gmm_rpts/gmm1.pdf 5. Obesity -http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2892765/ 6. Methanol - http://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/edible-innovations/question5361.htm 7. Aspartame Sensitivity Myth http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0116212 8. US Gov 2015 Evaluation of Research - http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015-scientific-report/14-appendix-E2/e2-41.asp 9. Methanol/Formaldehyde Relationship - http://www.andeal.org/topic.cfm?cat=4089 10. Long Term Study, No Changes - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2802896 11. Metabolism: http://www.cell.com/trends/endocrinology-metabolism/abstract/S1043-2760%2813%2900087-8 12. Microbes and Diabetes - http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature13793.html Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Creative Commons music from Jamendo by Alandra Jones - Strike it up Pure & Natural - Touch Me Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Scott Thormund Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D.

Épisode 36 - Are Invisibility Cloaks Possible?

23 juillet 2015

This week Reactions is taking a look to see if science and chemistry could make invisibility cloaks possible. Have you ever wished you could hide under an invisibility cloak like Harry Potter or conceal your car with a Klingon cloaking device like in Star Trek? In a special bonus episode of Reactions, we celebrate the International Year of Light by exploring the science behind light, sight and invisibility. Though we can’t make ourselves invisible yet, some promising research may light the way – or rather, bend the light away. This episode of Reactions was produced in collaboration with the journal ACS Photonics. For more information on ACS Photonics, please visit: http://pubs.acs.org/journal/apchd5. Additional information on the International Year of Light can be found at: http://www.light2015.org. Image credits for photos at 2:27: TACHI Laboratory, University of Tokyo Hyperstealth Biotechnology Corp. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Writer: Sam Lemonick Narrator: Noel Waghorn Animation: Easy Explain Video Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Carlos Toro, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Harry Atwater, Ph.D. Teri Odom, Ph.D. References: http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journal/v1/n4/full/nphoton.2007.28.html http://science.howstuffworks.com/stealth-bomber.htm http://www.sciencemag.org/content/314/5801/977.abstract http://www.purdue.edu/uns/x/2007a/070402ShalaevCloaking.html http://news.discovery.com/tech/silk-invisibility-cloak.htm https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtKBzwKfP8E http://www.gizmag.com/3d-multidirectional-invisibility-cloak/34007/ http://www.popsci.com/technology/article/2011-01/active-camouflage-system-uses-e-ink-make-tanks-invisible-battlefield http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/animals/a11105/behold-the-octopus-inspired-adaptive-camouflage-17108661/

Épisode 39 - Why Does Coffee Make You Poop?

10 août 2015

This week Reactions is taking a look at some coffee chemistry, specially why does coffee make you poop. Some of you folks out there know first hand that a cup of coffee almost immediately means a trip to the bathroom. But what's inside a cup of coffee that makes you have to go #2? Today on Reactions, we bring you the answer - to the best of our scientific knowledge. For more gross science, check out a channel called, what else, Gross Science! http://youtube.com/grossscienceshow Tell 'em Reactions sent ya. Sources: The Effect of Coffee on Distal Colon Function - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1378422/?page=4 Caffeine and Fluid Loss - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19774754 Coffee Doesn’t Dehydrate - http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2014/01/13/262175623/coffee-myth-busting-cup-of-joe-may-help-hydration-and-memory Decaf Makes You Poop Too - http://teeccino.com/images/uploads/pages/File/DECAF.pdf Coffee and Gastrostuffs - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10499460 Caffeine and Gastroactivity - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1177987 Effects of Coffee on the gastrointestinal tract - http://www.gaianaturopathic.com/docs/Effects_of_Coffee.pdf Chemicals in Coffee - http://www.coffeechemistry.com/library/coffee-science-publications/unlocking-coffee-s-chemical-composition-part-1 Coffee and CCK production - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2393014 Why Does Coffee Make You Poop - http://io9.com/5975041/why-does-coffee-make-you-poop Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Music: Sam Leopard - Secret base (from Jamendo) mdeman - Cadillac Candy Writer & Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Joseph A. Rivera Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D.

Épisode 42 - How to Stay Awake Without Caffeine

24 août 2015

This week Reactions is telling you how to stay awake with science. You’re tired and you need an energy boost, but you don’t want the jitters from caffeine. What to do? In this week's video, we give you some chemistry-backed tips — one of which involves cats — to boost your productivity and stay awake without refilling the coffee cup. SOURCES: Water in the Body - http://chemistry.about.com/od/waterchemistry/f/How-Much-Of-Your-Body-Is-Water.htm Watching Cat Vids - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747563215004343 Cute images/improved attention: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0046362 Light and the Neurotransmitter Orexin - https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/brain-sense/201111/is-light-keeping-you-awake Single Bout of Exercise - http://news.uga.edu/releases/article/uga-kinesiology-exercise-boosts-energy/ Water, Hydration and Health - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2908954/ Music and moderate task difficulty - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18563971 Human-animal Interaction - http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Eva_Hydbring_Sandberg/publication/231556757_Short-Term_Interaction_between_Dogs_and_Their_Owners_Effects_on_Oxytocin_Cortisol_Insulin_and_Heart_RateAn_Exploratory_Study/links/0912f506c3637db084000000.pdf Hypocretin/Orexin System - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1279673/ On Dehydration - Nancy Clark’s Sports Nutrition Guidebook 5th Edition What Favorite Songs Do to Our Brains - http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2014/08/musical_nostalgia_the_psychology_and_neuroscience_for_song_preference_and.html Pleasure response from music - http://www.pnas.org/content/98/20/11818.SHORT Blood components - http://faculty.stcc.edu/AandP/AP/AP2pages/Units18to20/blood/whatsin.htm Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Music by David Digg - Pink Fog David Digg - Magnetic Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writers: Alison Le Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Anne Andrews, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D.

Épisode 54 - Do Vitamin Supplements Really Work?

16 novembre 2015

Follow us over to It's OK To Be Smart to find out about the weird science behind the placebo effect: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JcPwIQ6GCj8 This week Reactions is taking a look at the science and chemistry, or lack thereof, behind supplements. You’ve seen them in late night commercials and at your local pharmacy—little pills that claim to cure your cold, help you wake up or maybe help you lose weight. Vitamin and mineral supplements are everywhere and generate billions of dollars in revenue in the U.S. each year. But do they really work? Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Music: Funk Delite Nylon Flares Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Sam Lemonick Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Francisco Tomás-Barberán, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Sophia Cai Sources: Should you take multi-vitamins? http://www.berkeleywellness.com/supplements/vitamins/article/should-you-still-take-multi Prenatal vitamins: http://www.webmd.com/baby/guide/prenatal-vitamins Industry revenue: http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324392804578362073624344816 Large multivitamin studies showing no significant benefits for healthy people: http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1789253 http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=728199 http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=211978 http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1767855 http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/97/2/437.long Some experts recommend multivitamins as “nutritional insurance”: http://www.health.harvard.edu/mens-health/do-multivitamins-make-you-healthier http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/01/30/382587987/study-sheds-light-on-benefits-of-multivitamins For those with diabetes, supplements can help: http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=716096 Adverse effects: http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMsa1504267 Fish oil claims not supported by research: http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/03/30/fish-oil-claims-not-supported-by-research/ http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/fish-oil-supplement-research-remains-murky/ Choline: http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/other-nutrients/choline Other sources: Trials for supplements don’t show adequate evidence of benefits http://www.nhs.uk/news/2013/12December/Pages/Study-finds-vitamin-pills-have-limited-benefit.aspx http://www.health.harvard.edu/alternative-and-complementary-medicine/the-arguments-against-dietary-supplements http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/2014/06/do-vitamins-work/index.htm http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/fact-or-fiction-vitamin-supplements-improve-health/

Épisode 5 - How to Make the Best Nacho Cheese

1 février 2016

This week Reactions is all about that snack science. We're using chemistry to help make the best nacho cheese possible. The Superbowl is just around the corner, we're excited too, but let's stay focused here. It's all about the snacks, so today we're slamming you with some next level DIY chemistry advice to help you step up your nacho game. The secret ingredient? A little thing called sodium citrate. My advice to you is to order some now, watch the video, and get ready for the Super Bowl of a lifetime. Here's the recipe: 1. Put a pot on the stove at medium heat. 2. Add one cup of your favorite beer 3. Add two teaspoons of sodium citrate and stir until dissolved. 4. Bring beer to a simmer and slowly add your favorite cheese, preferably a cheddar, and whisk it in there until you've got yourself a smooth, creamy cheese sauce (mix your cheese and get clever) 5. Take it to the next level with your own special ingredient(s). Hot sauce? Peppers? Onions? Whatever floats your boat. 6. Pour over your nachos, or hey, it works great as a solo dip as well. 7. Become a Superbowl snack legend. 8. Profit. ****WE WANT YOUR OWN CUSTOM RECIPES! POST THEM IN THE COMMENTS! Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Writer & Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Jeniffer Kimmel, Ph.D. Sophia Cai Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Sources: What Sodium Citrate Does to Dairy - http://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(03)73912-5/fulltext#Cheese%20Injection On Emulsifying salts & Process Cheese - http://www.naturalproductsinsider.com/articles/2000/02/understanding-process-cheeses.aspx Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 15 - The Truth About Peanut Allergies

22 mars 2016

Follow us over to Risk Bites! https://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=RiskBites Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Peanut allergies or of some of the most dangerous food allergies out there due to how commonly they are found in the food industry. For the past couple decades, peanut allergies have been on the rise in the United States, and scientists recently may have found out the reason why. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writers: Kirk Zamieroski & Andrew Maynard Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Sophia Cai Andrew Maynard, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. SOURCES: On peanut allergy - http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijfs/2013/909140/ Peanut allergy stats - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091674910005750 More on allergy specifics - http://pubs.acs.org/subscribe/archive/mdd/v05/i05/html/05health.html Prevelance - http://www.popsci.com/scitech/article/2008-12/why-are-so-many-kids-allergic-peanuts Symptoms - http://acaai.org/allergies/types/food-allergies/types-food-allergy/peanut-allergy Eat Peanuts to Avoid Peanut Allergies - http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1414850?query=featured_home& Rise of peanut allergies - http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/02/03/as-peanut-allergies-rise-trying-to-determine-a-cause/?_r=0 Feed peanuts to children - http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1414850?query=featured_home& Digesting Proteins - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2999748/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 23 - Why Is Snake Venom So Deadly?

19 avril 2016

This week Reactions is taking a look at the science behind poisonous snakes and why their venom is so deadly. Chemistry sheds some light on the proteins in venom, as well as its potential medical uses. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Music: Robert Daglio – Mr. Fantastic Sam Leopard – Back for More Writer & Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Kenneth Winkel, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Sophia Cai SOURCES: Snake Venom Basics - http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects2003/stoneley/two.htm Snake Venom Basics 2 - http://www.toxinology.com/fusebox.cfm?staticaction=snakes/ns-snvenom.htm Cytotoxins - http://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/metalloproteinases-mechanisms-of-action-and-pharmacological-relevance-2161-0495.1000-181.pdf Striking Beauties: Venomous Snakes - https://web.archive.org/web/20060523055642/ General Neurotoxins - http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Ne-Nu/Neurotoxins.html Evolutions Most Effective Killer: Snake Venom - http://www.popsci.com/scitech/article/2008-03/evolution's-most-effective-killer-snake-venom Venom and alzheimer's - http://www.med.monash.edu.au/news/2016/snake-venom-alzheimers-disease.html Blood clotting hydrogels - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00356 Annual snakebites - http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/snakes/ Prothrombin activation - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3531198 Fibrin & clotting - http://atvb.ahajournals.org/content/31/12/e88.full On thrombin and fibrin - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2408736/ Microclots - https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=FBclBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA116&lpg=PA116&dq=venom+microclots+thombrin&source=bl&ots=_Pf4W7ImrS&sig=sBn0Cgwlzo7zKuVHbd1HrjdMcTQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiR6qrK7_vLAhWJFJQKHev5BAAQ6AEIKDAC#v=onepage&q=venom%20microclots%20thombrin&f=fals Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 24 - Why Does Your Hair Turn Gray? – Speaking of Chemistry

20 avril 2016

Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions It’s an inevitable side effect of longevity: your hair will turn gray. In this episode, Sophia Cai chats about the chemistry of your natural hair color, why it eventually turns white, and how scientists may be able to slow that graying down. If this episode leaves you wanting more, check out these great resources. First hair-graying gene identified http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i10/First-hair-graying-gene-identified.html A genome-wide association scan in admixed Latin Americans identifies loci influencing facial and scalp hair features http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2016/160301/ncomms10815/full/ncomms10815.html Gray hair and vitiligo reversed at the root http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-05/foas-gha050313.php Post-Traumatic Tress Disorder http://www.fasebj.org/content/23/10/3253.full Everyday Mysteries: Why does hair turn gray? https://www.loc.gov/rr/scitech/mysteries/grayhair.html Why Does Hair Turn Gray? http://chemistry.about.com/od/howthingsworkfaqs/f/why-does-hair-turn-gray.htm The structure we show for the tyrosinase enzyme is a prediction. Researchers haven't yet experimentally verified what it looks like. For more info, check out this paper from Enzyme Research: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/er/2012/192867/ And again, thanks to Gerald Weissman for talking to us for this video. http://www.med.nyu.edu/biosketch/weissg01 Want even more Speaking of Chemistry? Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SpeakingOfChem And feel free to drop us a line at speakingofchem@acs.org Speaking of Chemistry is brought to you by Chemical & Engineering News, the news magazine of the American Chemical Society. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions

Épisode 25 - What's The Best Way To Whiten Teeth?

26 avril 2016

This week Reactions looks into the best way to whiten teeth. It's with science, clearly. Many people have turned to over-the-counter teeth-whitening treatments. How do these work, and are they safe? This week, Reactions looks at the chemistry of a whiter smile. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Music: LA Funk by cragkeys Writer/Narrator: Noel Waghorn Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Video Producer: Sean Parsons Dental consultants: Andre Ritter, DDS Sonia Chung, DDS Michael Hornyak, DDS Scientific consultants: Sophia Cai Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. References: Fluoride: http://www.ada.org/en/~/media/EBD/Files/Fluoride-children,-d-,full Whitening toothpaste: http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/expert-answers/whitening-toothpaste/faq-20058411 http://www.ada.org/en/science-research/ada-seal-of-acceptance/product-category-information/toothpaste http://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/everyday-innovations/tooth-whitening1.htm http://www.bu.edu/today/2012/the-truth-about-teeth-whiteners/ http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/resources/highschool/chemmatters/past-issues/archive-2012-2013/teeth-whiteners.html Safety: http://www.ada.org/en/about-the-ada/ada-positions-policies-and-statements/tooth-whitening-safety-and-effectiveness Blue Covarine: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19998663 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18646366 Hydroxylapatite: http://pbsb.med.cornell.edu/pdfs/Elements_V3n6_Boskey_v1.pdf Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 27 - Whisky Versus Coffee: Dueling Droplets—Speaking of Chemistry

4 mai 2016

Check out the story behind this video: http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i14/whiskey-doesnt-ring.html And don’t forget to subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions ↓↓Full description and references below↓↓ Photographer Ernie Button showed us that dried whiskey droplets are a captivating and unusual sight to behold, especially compared with the more familiar coffee ring. Speaking of Chemistry caught up with Ernie and the Princeton researchers who investigated whisky’s unique drying behavior to learn about the chemistry that controls it and how that information could help the paint and coatings industry. Microscopic videography provided by Hyoungsoo Kim et al. from Phys. Rev. Lett. 2016, DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.124501 http://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.124501 And be sure to check out Ernie Button’s website: http://erniebutton.com/?portfolio=vanishing-spirits-the-dried-remains-of-singlemalt-scotch He’s also on Instagram: http://www.thepicta.com/user/erniebutton/2208053124 If this episode leaves you wanting more, check out these great resources. Why whiskey doesn’t have a ring to it | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i14/whiskey-doesnt-ring.html What’s That Stuff: Whisky | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/83/i20/WHISKY.html Scotch Ring Art & Science | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/92/i51/Scotch-Ring-Art-Science-Treats.html Want even more Speaking of Chemistry? Like us on facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SpeakingOfChem And feel free to drop us a line at speakingofchem@acs.org Speaking of Chemistry is brought to you by Chemical & Engineering News, the news magazine of the American Chemical Society. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions

Épisode 28 - Does Homeopathy Work?

10 mai 2016

This week Reactions pits homeopathy and alternative medicine against science and chemistry to answer the question--does it work? Homeopathy is a category of “alternative medicine” that emerged some 200 years ago. But does it work? Well, we've done our research. While a growing number of people are turning to such remedies to treat a range of health conditions, the majority of data in peer-reviewed scientific literature does not support its effectiveness. Clarifications: 0:23: This example more accurately describes allergen immunotherapy, rather than homeopathy. 3:46: Not all homeopaths and homeopathic manufacturers promote homeopathic products as alternatives to conventional medicines to treat or avoid life threatening acute health conditions. 3:57: In the U.S., homeopathic medicine manufacturers are subject to FDA oversight with regards to their production facilities. However, unlike for conventional medications, homeopathic products are not reviewed by FDA for efficacy or safety. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writer: Sam Lemonick Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Paul Glasziou, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Sophia Cai Music: Smidi - Cadillac Candy Sam Leopard - Secret Bass Sources: http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2012-09/plausibility-test-homeopathic-medicine http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/_files_nhmrc/publications/attachments/cam02a_information_paper.pdf http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Homeopathy/Pages/Introduction.aspx https://www.quora.com/Does-homeopathy-work http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2125.2002.01699.x/full http://homeopathie-wijtenburg.nl/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/5-Linde-review-individualized-hom-JACM-1998.pdf http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/treatment/homeopathy Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 30 - How Joe DeSimone is Changing 3-D Printing—Speaking of Chemistry Road Trip

19 mai 2016

We're hitting the road in California. Check out our first stop at Carbon, a 3-D printing startup in Silicon Valley. Don’t forget to subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions ↓↓Full description and references below↓↓ Joe DeSimone cofounded Carbon (formerly Carbon3D) to bring chemistry to bear on 3-D printing. Join us as we learn how this has enabled the company to print at unprecedented speeds and churn out materials that have never been printed before. And find out why Carbon believes it’s poised to kick off a new era of 3-D manufacturing. And if you want to learn more about the amazing work being done by e-NABLE volunteers, visit their website: http://enablingthefuture.org/ They’ve also got a collection of material available at the NIH 3-D Print Exchange: http://3dprint.nih.gov/collections/prosthetics Special thanks to Jen Owen of e-NABLE for sharing footage for this episode. All of the Carbon printer footage is sped up. Although these printers are way faster than conventional 3-D printers, they still takes minutes or hours to create parts. If this episode leaves you wanting more, check out these great resources. Chemistry Is Key To 3-D Printer’s Record-Setting Speed | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/93/i12/Chemistry-Key-3-D-Printers.html 10 Start-Ups To Watch: Carbon | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/93/i43/Carbon3D.html 3-D printing start-up Carbon unveils its first printer | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i15/3-D-printing-startCarbon-unveils.html Companies Can Finally Get Their Hands on Carbon's 3-D Printer -- For $40,000 a Year | Recode http://www.recode.net/2016/4/2/11585810/companies-can-finally-get-their-hands-on-carbons-3d-printer-for-40000 Want even more Speaking of Chemistry? Like us on facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SpeakingOfChem And feel free to drop us a line at speakingofchem@acs.org Speaking of Chemistry is brought to you by Chemical & Engineering News, the news magazine of the American Chemical Society. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Music credits: Spinning of the Earth by SmarTune & GloryHound by McGuitar Producer: Writer: Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: [Insert expert here] Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D.

Épisode 31 - What Makes Blue-Green Algae Dangerous?—Speaking of Chemistry

2 juin 2016

Pond scum is usually just a nuisance, but it can become dangerous. Check out the chemistry behind these harmful algal blooms. And don’t forget to subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions ↓↓ Full description and references below ↓↓ When the environmental conditions are right, blue-green algae (which are actually blue-green bacteria) can blossom into harmful algal blooms. These blooms can release all sorts of deadly poisons into the environment. In this episode, SOC’s Sophia Cai explains how human health could be at risk, with help from SOC’s structure-drawing extraordinaire, Lauren Wolf. Check out the story behind this video: http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i12/Scientists-debate-best-way-tame.html Want more Speaking of Chemistry? Like us on Facebook! https://www.facebook.com/SpeakingOfChem/ And feel free to contact us at speakingofchem@acs.org! Want more chemistry goodness? Check out these resources: CyanoMap http://www.cyanomap.com/about Scientists debate the best way to tame toxic algal blooms | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i12/Scientists-debate-best-way-tame.html Monitoring uncovers mysterious phosphorus pollution | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/web/2016/03/Monitoring-uncovers-mysterious-phosphorus-pollution.html Blue-Green Algae: Iridescent but Deadly | The Atlantic http://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2012/09/blue-green-algae-iridescent-but-deadly/261794/ Cyanobacteria and Algae Blooms | CDC http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/hsb/hab/ Harmful Algal Blooms | EPA https://www.epa.gov/nutrientpollution/harmful-algal-blooms A review on cylindrospermopsin | Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2013/em/c3em00353a#!divAbstract The Algae Is Coming, But Its Impact Is Felt Far From Water | NPR http://www.npr.org/2013/08/11/211130501/the-algae-is-coming-but-its-impact-is-felt-far-from-water Drinking Water Health Advisory for the Cyanobacterial Microcystin Toxins | EPA https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-06/documents/microcystins-report-2015.pdf Unauthorized Storage of Toxic Agents | Assassination Archives & Research Center http://www.aarclibrary.org/publib/church/reports/vol1/html/ChurchV1_0006b.htm Speaking of Chemistry is brought to you by Chemical & Engineering News, the news magazine of the American Chemical Society..

Épisode 34 - Why the Maillard Reaction Makes Everything Delicious

21 juin 2016

This week Reactions is taking a look at the chemistry behind the Maillard reaction, known as the "browning reaction." Science makes your food delicious. Why does fresh, hot toast have a more complex flavor than plain bread? Why does cooking raw food in general result in mouthwatering smells and a rich taste? The answer lies with the Maillard reaction, also known as the “browning reaction.” The chemistry behind this reaction is responsible for those good smelling steaks. By delving into how this process works, Reactions helps you get the most deliciousness out of your cooking. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions LA Funk by Cragkeys Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Doug Dollemore Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Martin Lersch, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Sources https://books.google.com/books?id=5crR45Nf-GMC&pg=PA91&lpg=PA91&dq=Martin+Lersch+maillard+reaction&source=bl&ots=KPu4M8zpO1&sig=JFEikpSlOPqmxNEgFyIG_-hxRi8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwij8KD-warMAhUEWz4KHV6SAHEQ6AEILzAD#v=onepage&q=Martin%20Lersch%20maillard%20reaction&f=false http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/cr900105w http://web.mnstate.edu/provost/BCBT100%20Browning.pdf http://depa.fquim.unam.mx/amyd/archivero/ARTICULOGRUPO4_25523.pdf http://cen.acs.org/articles/90/i40/Maillard-Reaction-Turns-100.html https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0ahUKEwj-3c_H0qrMAhXFWD4KHadcCGQQFgggMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.acs.org%2Fcontent%2Fdam%2Facsorg%2Feducation%2Fresources%2Fhighschool%2Fchemmatters%2Farchive%2Fchemmatters-dec-2012-teachers-guide-two-better-than-one.doc&usg=AFQjCNG0ZhZ8n9VLK-4WpFj7IWs4lWVymA&sig2=qWiT11uaGugcWTw4FPQEzA https://www.chefsteps.com/activities/mastering-the-maillard-reaction https://oxfoodblog.wordpress.com/2012/08/17/browning-onions-and-the-maillard-reaction/ http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf60132a003 http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf302135k http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/amino-acids-contained-milk-eggs-3992.html http://www.jbc.org/content/193/1/23.full.pdf https://www.nutrition.org/asn-blog/2011/03/protein-complementation/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 35 - How to Make Electronic Skin with Stanford's Zhenan Bao—Speaking of Chemistry Road Trip

27 juin 2016

The Speaking of Chemistry California road trip continues as we scope out some cutting-edge, flexible electronics at Stanford University. Don’t forget to subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions ↓↓Full description and references below↓↓ Stanford’s Zhenan Bao and her research team are developing electronics that could revolutionize wearables and prosthetics. In this episode, Matt Davenport and Noel Waghorn get a glimpse behind the scenes at Stanford and learn how Zhenan’s past at the historic Bell Labs is helping her create futuristic materials. Artificial Skin Transmits Signals To Neurons | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/93/i41/Artificial-Skin-Transmits-Signals-Neurons.html Touch Sensors Power Themselves | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/92/web/2014/05/Touch-Sensors-Power-Themselves.html Self-Healing Plastic ‘Skin’ Points Way to New Prosthetics | Science http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2012/11/self-healing-plastic-skin-points-way-new-prosthetics Arthur C. Cope Scholar Awards: Zhenan Bao | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/89/i9/Arthur-C-Cope-Scholar-Awards.html The list of allegations against Schön that we show is from: http://yclept.ucdavis.edu/course/280/Schoen.Yin.pdf The full report from Lucent can be found here: http://w.astro.berkeley.edu/~kalas/ethics/documents/schoen.pdf And a quick note for anyone keeping score at home: Work at Bell Labs has earned a total of eight Nobel Prizes, shared amongst 14 Laureates, according to https://www.bell-labs.com/our-people/recognition/ Want even more Speaking of Chemistry? Like us on facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SpeakingOfChem And feel free to drop us a line at speakingofchem@acs.org Speaking of Chemistry is brought to you by Chemical & Engineering News, the news magazine of the American Chemical Society. Main music is Technology Dreams by HitOfTheWeek The guitar track is Gloryhound by MCGuitar

Épisode 37 - Is Fluoride in Drinking Water Safe?

5 juillet 2016

This week Reactions takes a look at the science going on in our tap water, mainly the fluoride. The chemistry of fluoride has helped reduce cavities in children for decades. Still, more than 70 years after Grand Rapids, Michigan, became the first city to fluoridate its drinking water, the practice remains controversial. Some worry that fluoridated drinking water can lead to health issues, but what is the scientific consensus? Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions LA Funk Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Michael Hornyak, Ph.D. Susan Richardson, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Sources: A systematic review of the efficacy and safety of fluoridation: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18584000 Collection of systematic reviews of water fluoridation: http://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/safety/systematic.htm http://www.cochrane.org/CD010856/ORAL_water-fluoridation-prevent-tooth-decay http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11021861 A systematic review of the efficacy and safety of fluoridation: http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/_files_nhmrc/publications/attachments/eh41_1.pdf 2015 CDC Statement on Fluoride: http://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/pdf/statement-cwf-6-8-2015.pdf 2015 U.S. Public Health Service Recommendations: http://www.publichealthreports.org/documents/PHS_2015_Fluoride_Guidelines.pdf 2005 ADA report on Fluoride research (specifically addressing health concerns): http://www.ada.org/~/media/ADA/Member%20Center/FIles/fluoridation_facts.ashx http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4841a1.htm http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/sep/19/anti-fluoride-science-australia http://blogs.mcgill.ca/oss/tag/fluoride/ http://www.waterrf.org/resources/StateOfTheScienceReports/Fluoride_StateOfTheScience.pdf Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 38 - How Does Fluorescence Work?

12 juillet 2016

This week Reactions is exploring the science behind fluorescence. There's a lot of chemistry behind what makes a fluorescent color stand out so brightly from the rest. Today we're digging into what makes them pop, and we're going highlight some of the brilliant applications of fluorescence coming out of nanotechnology. Check out the NSF's Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology Blog! http://sustainable-nano.com/ Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Writer/Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Tom Kuech, Ph.D. Miriam Krause, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Music: Sam Leopard - Secret Bass Sam Leopard - Master of Gold Sources: How Do Highlighters work - http://sustainable-nano.com/2013/02/25/how-do-black-lights-work-why-do-highlighters-look-so-bright-and-how-can-you-impress-your-girlfriend-with-science/ What's in Highlighters: Pyranine – http://www.compoundchem.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/The- Chemistry-of-Highlighter-Pen-Colours.png The Electromagnetic Spectrum - https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/EM_Spectrum_Properties_edit.svg/2000px-EM_Spectrum_Properties_edit.svg.png The Visible Light Spectrum - https://www.colormatters.com/color-and-science/electromagnetic-color On Tonic water - http://www.livescience.com/36536-tonic-water-quinine-malaria-health.html On Color – http://www.livescience.com/32559-why-do-we-see-in-color.html On Blacklights – http://www.physics.org/article-questions.asp?id=66 Why flowers take up color from water - http://www.stevespanglerscience.com/lab/experiments/colorful-carnations/ Nanodiamonds - http://sustainable-nano.com/2013/04/24/fluorescent-nanodiamonds-the-movie/#more-870 Fluorescence and Forensics - http://forensics.org.my/img/Article%2004.pdf Quantum Dots andI Imaging - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18393668 http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/nn402581q Real-Time Background-Free Selective Imaging of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds in Vivo http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/nl302979d Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 39 - How To Make a Fluorescent Flower

12 juillet 2016

This week Reactions is helping you make some fluorescent flowers with chemistry. Watch here for how to make these radiant beauties with science. Check out the NSF's Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology Blog! http://sustainable-nano.com/ Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Writer & Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Tom Kuech, Ph.D. Miriam Kraus, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Music: Robert Daglio - Com Todo Meu Amor Sources: How Do Highlighters work - http://sustainable-nano.com/2013/02/25/how-do-black-lights-work-why-do-highlighters-look-so-bright-and-how-can-you-impress-your-girlfriend-with-science/ What’s in Highlighters: Pyranine – http://www.compoundchem.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/The-Chemistry-of-Highlighter-Pen-Colours.png The Electromagnetic Spectrum - https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/EM_Spectrum_Properties_edit.svg/2000px-EM_Spectrum_Properties_edit.svg.png The Visible Light Spectrum - https://www.colormatters.com/color-and-science/electromagnetic-color On Tonic water - http://www.livescience.com/36536-tonic-water-quinine-malaria-health.html On Color – http://www.livescience.com/32559-why-do-we-see-in-color.html On Blacklights – http://www.physics.org/article-questions.asp?id=66 Why flowers take up color from water - http://www.stevespanglerscience.com/lab/experiments/colorful-carnations/ Nanodiamonds - http://sustainable-nano.com/2013/04/24/fluorescent-nanodiamonds-the-movie/#more-870 Fluorescence and Forensics - http://forensics.org.my/img/Article%2004.pdf Quantum Dots and Cancer - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18393668 http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/nn402581q Real-Time Background-Free Selective Imaging of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds in Vivo http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/nl302979d Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 42 - The World's Most Unavoidable Carcinogen

26 juillet 2016

This week Reactions is talking about the science of the most unavoidable carcinogen--the sun. There's some vibrant chemistry that happens between your skin and the sun rays. Out in the open air on a beautiful summer day, most people don’t realize that they’re bathing in the world's most common carcinogen – the sun's rays. Ultra violet (UV) rays to be exact. Let’s take a look at how UV rays affect your body, and the sorts of built-in chemical defense systems you're working with to stop any potential damage. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Writer/Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Frankie Wood-Black, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Music: Smidi - Like That Sam Leopard - Je Trace Ma Route Sources: UV Rays and carcinogenic light - https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/content/profiles/ultravioletradiationrelatedexposures.pdf Broad Spectrum Breakdown - http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/pubhealth/roc/listings/u/uv/summary/index.html General UV/sunlight - http://www.livescience.com/50326-what-is-ultraviolet-light.html UV Index - https://www.epa.gov/sunsafety/uv-index-scale-1 How UV Affects DNA- http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/scibytes/how_ultraviolet_light_reacts_in Melanin – http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2671032/ Types of Melanin - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2071942 Skin Cancer in African Americans - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7804993 UV radiation and cancer effectshttp://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol100D/mono100D-6.pdf DNA Bulge - http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/UVB/Images/dna_mutation.gif How UV Radtion Effects Life On Earth - http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/UVB/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 43 - These Tiny Satellites Could Take on NASA’s Riskiest Missions—Speaking of Chemistry Road Trip

28 juillet 2016

Speaking of Chemistry set a course for JPL to learn about NASA’s plans for cubesats, little satellites with interplanetary aspirations. Not a subscriber? Make it so: http://bit.ly/ACSReactions ↓↓Full description and references below↓↓ Andy Klesh of the Jet Propulsion Lab welcomes us to the cleanroom to talk about how satellites smaller than a briefcase could one day explore the chemistry of alien moons and planets. But first, Andy and his team have to show that cubesats can make it to other planets like NASA’s more conventional, more expensive, and much larger satellites. That’s where Mars Cube One, or MarCO, comes in. Watch to learn more Check out even more on NASA’s cubesat missions here: http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/cubesats/ For even more info, check out these references and sources: A New Dawn For CubeSats | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/93/i4/New-Dawn-CubeSats.html Juno set to explore Jupiter | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i29/Juno-set-explore-Jupiter.html CubeSat Propulsion Systems | VACCO http://www.cubesat-propulsion.com/ MarCO: First Interplanetary CubeSat Mission | JPL http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/cubesat/missions/marco.php Crazy Engineering: CubeSats | JPL http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/video/details.php?id=1411 MarCO: First Interplanetary CubeSat Mission | JPL (source of MarCO deployment animation) http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/cubesat/missions/marco.php Crazy Engineering: CubeSats | JPL (source of other cubesat clips) http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/video/details.php?id=1411 CubeSat Propulsion Systems | VACCO (source of thruster image) http://www.cubesat-propulsion.com/ Curiosity’s Seven Minutes of Terror | JPL (source of Curiosity landing animation) http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/video/details.php?id=1090 Scientists to Io: Your Volcanoes Are in the Wrong Place | NASA (source of Io volcano clip) http://www.nasa.gov/topics/solarsystem/features/io-volcanoes-displaced.html NASA Targets May 2018 Launch of Mars InSight Mission | NASA http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-targets-may-2018-launch-of-mars-insight-mission/ Want even more Speaking of Chemistry? Like us on facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SpeakingOfChem And feel free to drop us a line at speakingofchem@acs.org Speaking of Chemistry is brought to you by Chemical & Engineering News, the news magazine of the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 44 - How to Catch Dopers

4 août 2016

This week Reactions explains how chemistry is used to find which Olympic teams are doping. Science plays a huge role on both sides of the performance-enhancing drug battle. On one side are officials and scientists, aiming to keep the competitions fair; on the other are underground or overseas chemists, creating new drugs to cheat the system. For more on steroid science, check out this graphic from C&EN and Compound Interest: http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i32/Periodic-Graphics-Russian-doping-scandal.html Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Roberto Daglio - Flores da Fortuna Roberto Daglio - Mr. Fantastic Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Sam Lemonick Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: David Cowan, Ph.D Sophia Cai Kyle Nackers Sources: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15248788 https://books.google.com/books?id=N5xnrQHbDBMC&pg=PA254&lpg=PA254&dq=anabolic+steroids+neural+conduction&source=bl&ots=aKJ34_XFBr&sig=6BFANxmzcnSdy46zGjXNZvXL9b8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwip64u_5pPNAhVPSVIKHavHC-wQ6AEIODAE#v=onepage&q=anabolic%20steroids%20neural%20conduction&f=false http://www.sportsci.org/encyc/anabster/anabster.html https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/anabolicsteroids.html https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/anabolic-steroids http://www.mayoclinic.org/performance-enhancing-drugs/ART-20046134?p=1 https://www.unm.edu/~lkravitz/Article%20folder/musclesgrowLK.html http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2439524/ http://www.nature.com/news/performance-enhancement-superhuman-athletes-1.11029 http://www.rsc.org/images/TM03_12-doping-olympics_tcm18-216802.pdf http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3059541/ http://www.clinchem.org/content/51/9/1587.long http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18523972 http://www1.udel.edu/PT/PT%20Clinical%20Services/journalclub/sojc/06_07/nov06/testosterone.pdf http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dta.1447/epdf?r3_referer=wol&tracking_action=preview_click&show_checkout=1&purchase_referrer=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&purchase_site_license=PUBLICATION_OUTSIDE_OF_LICENSE_PERIOD Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 45 - How To Make Fish Less Fishy (Chemistry Life Hacks)

9 août 2016

Reactions is back with more chemistry life hacks for you! This week we're all about the science of fish smell. Freshly caught fish is delicious. But after a day or two, that filet in your fridge smells a little fishier, thanks to a stinky molecule known as trimethylamine. Is there any hope? This week, find out how to make fish taste and smell less fishy with chemistry. Learn about the amino acids that give fresh fish its sweet and savory flavor, and get three chemistry-backed tricks to cut down the fishy taste and smell. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Music: Big Boss _(Move Yo Body_) By: AdagioMusic New Orleans By: peterbell Writer: Megan Cartwright Narrator: Adam Dylewski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Video Producer: Sean Parsons Scientific consultants: Cesar Vega, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Steve Maguire, MSc Kyle Nackers Sources: FDA. “Fresh and Frozen Seafood: Selecting and Serving It Safely.” Web: http://www.fda.gov/Food/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/ucm077331.htm#shopping. Gram L and Hans HH. Microbiological spoilage of fish and fish products. Int J Food Microbiol. 1996;33(1):121-137. Web: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0168160596011348. Joaquin HJ, et al. Effect of milk protein concentrate on lipid oxidation and formation of fishy volatiles in herring mince (Clupea harengus) during frozen storage. J Agric Food Chem. 2008;56(1):166-172. Web: http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/jf072460i. Jung Hyo, et al. Reduction of Off-flavors in Steamed Crab Meat Using Dairy Products. KOREAN J. FOOD SCI. TECHNOL. Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 345~349 (2015). http://www.koreascience.or.kr/search/articlepdf_ocean.jsp?url=http://ocean.kisti.re.kr/downfile/volume/ksfst1/SPGHB5/2015/v47n3/SPGHB5_2015_v47n3_345.pdf&admNo=SPGHB5_2015_v47n3_345 Marsters, Rebecca. “Removing Fishy Smells from Fresh Seafood [VIDEO].” America’s Test Kitchen. Web: http://www.americastestkitchenfeed.com/super-quick-video-tips/2012/06/removing-fishy-smells-from-fresh-seafood-video/. McGee, Harold. “Fish and Shellfish.” On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen. 2004. Sae-Leaw T, et al. Changes in lipids and fishy odour development in skin from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) stored in ice. Food Chem. 2013;141(3):2466-2472. Web: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23870982. Sallam KI. Antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of sodium acetate, sodium lactate, and sodium citrate in refrigerated sliced salmon. Food Control. 2007;18(5):566–575. Web: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1805695/. Seibel BA and Walsh PJ. Trimethylamine oxide accumulation in marine animals: relationship to acylglycerol storage. J Exp Biol. 2002;205(Pt 3):297-306. Web: http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=11854367. Tryfinopoulou P, et al. Characterization of Pseudomonas spp. associated with spoilage of gilt-head sea bream stored under various conditions. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002;68(1):65–72. Web: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC126548/. Yarnpakdee S, et al. Lipid oxidation and fishy odour in protein hydrolysate derived from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) protein isolate as influenced by haemoglobin. J Sci Food Agric. 2014;94(2):219-226. Web: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23696369. Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 47 - The Science of Spotting Fake Foods – Speaking of Chemistry

18 août 2016

Food fraud often boils down to politics or semantics. Something labeled parmesan cheese may not come from Parma, for instance. But sometimes food producers try to feed us cheap fillers and other lies. In this episode of Speaking of Chemistry, Sophia Cai explains how scientists, regulators, and food makers are relying on chemistry to make sure consumers get what they pay for. Want to learn even more about fighting food fraud? Check out these great resources. Parmesan test can detect cheesy imposters | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/web/2016/05/Parmesan-test-detect-cheesy-imposters.html Autheticating Food | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/87/i5/Authenticating-Food.html Food Safety Gambit | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/88/i19/Food-Safety-Gambit.html The Parmesan Cheese You Sprinkle on Your Penne Could Be Wood |Bloomberg http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-02-16/the-parmesan-cheese-you-sprinkle-on-your-penne-could-be-wood Guilty pleas filed in federal criminal fake cheese cases | Food Safety News http://www.foodsafetynews.com/2016/02/guilty-pleas-filed-in-federal-criminal-fake-cheese-cases/#.V4ap-OsrJpg FDA warning letter to Castle Cheese, Inc. | FDA http://www.fda.gov/ICECI/EnforcementActions/WarningLetters/2013/ucm363201.htm The EU tries to grab all the cheese | Politico http://www.politico.com/agenda/story/2016/06/european-union-trade-cheese-geographical-indicators-000141 Parmesan and Gouda May Shred a New US Trade Agreement With Europe | Vice News https://news.vice.com/article/us-trade-agreement-with-europe-may-get-torpedoed-by-cheese-names-privacy-rules Testing for Food Contamination | Biocompare http://www.biocompare.com/Editorial-Articles/170251-Testing-for-Food-Contamination/ Want even more Speaking of Chemistry? Like us on facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SpeakingOfChem And drop us a line at speakingofchem@acs.org Speaking of Chemistry is brought to you by Chemical & Engineering News, the news magazine of the American Chemical Society. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Music credits (in order of audibility): 1. Triage by bhzimmy 2. join us by aricorder 3.Libiamo Ne' Lieti Calici- Verdi by cssmusic 4.Chill Babe by FullScore

Épisode 49 - How Sniffing Priceless Art and Artifacts Could Save Them — Speaking of Chemistry

1 septembre 2016

Art and cultural heritage conservators are getting an assist from some smelly chemistry. Don't forget to subscribe for all the latest Speaking of Chemistry videos: http://bit.ly/ACSReactions ↓↓Full description and references below↓↓ Come closer, lean in, and… inhale deeply. Some of our most valuable heritage objects—think old books, early film, and vintage plastic jewelry—have their own personal pong. But there’s more to their musk than nostalgia alone. Sarah Everts explains why conservators are starting to sniff out the compounds emitted by museum art and artifacts. If this episode leaves you wishing for a stronger whiff of smelly museum masterpieces, check out these great resources. Preserving Plastic Art | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/89/i29/Preserving-Plastic-Art.html Deteriorating Plastic Art Threatens Museum Treasures | C&EN http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/deteriorating-plastic-threatens-to-ruin-museum-treasures/ Old chemistry books and the chemistry of old books | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i16/Old-chemistry-books-chemistry-old.html Heritage Smells | The Science & Heritage Programme http://www.heritagescience.ac.uk/Research_Projects/projects/IRG/Gibson We’d also like to thank Yvonne Shashoua of the National Museum of Denmark for the crash test dummy and corroded knife images. Want even more Speaking of Chemistry? Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SpeakingOfChem And drop us a line at speakingofchem@acs.org Speaking of Chemistry is brought to you by Chemical & Engineering News, the news magazine of the American Chemical Society. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/SpeakingOfChem Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Music is Technology Dreams by HitOfTheWeek

Épisode 50 - Genetically Modified Humans? CRISPR/Cas 9 Explained

6 septembre 2016

This week Reactions dives into your DNA with the science and chemistry behind CRISPR/Cas 9. Fans of Blade Runner have already caught a glimpse of world with super-powered humans secretly living among us, capable of physical feats far beyond your everyday person. But now, with the the CRISPR/CAS9 Gene editing system, are we looking at a future with real replicants? Check out this video to get an inside look at how CRISPR works, and the sorts of wild medical advances that are on the horizon. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions CHECK OUT ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE! http://pubs.acs.org/centralscience Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writers: Megan Cartwright & Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Chase Biesel, Ph.D Martin Jinek, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Music: Roberto Daglio - Mr. Fantastic Sam Leopard - Back for More Sources: Video interviews with Jennifer Doudna: https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B9zPw2JmagktMGh6amk2c2stUUk/view?ts=56e70360&pref=2&pli=1 https://drive.google.com/folderview?id=0B9zPw2JmagktWGZuTkVvV0VIRmc&usp=sharing https://drive.google.com/folderview?id=0B9zPw2JmagktWGZuTkVvV0VIRmc&usp=sharing Notes from CRISPR talk by Françoise Baylis at AAAS: https://www.evernote.com/l/AJH9UmuXh1VJBp40fv36HDbXD_NnEeifEEU. Addgene. CRISPR/Cas9 Guide. Web: https://www.addgene.org/CRISPR/guide/. Addison et al. 2015. Gene Editing and Germ-line Intervention: The Need for Novel Responses to Novel Technologies. Molecular Therapy. Web: http://www.nature.com/mt/journal/v23/n11/full/mt2015185a.html. Barrangou et al. 2007. CRISPR Provides Acquired Resistance Against Viruses in Prokaryotes. Science. Web: http://science.sciencemag.org/content/315/5819/1709.long. BBC. 1 February 2016. Scientists get 'gene editing' go-ahead. Web: http://www.bbc.com/news/health-35459054. Chen et al. 2015. Functional disruption of the dystrophin gene in rhesus monkey using CRISPR/Cas9. Human Molecular Genetics. Web: http://hmg.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=25859012. Deltcheva et al. 2011. CRISPR RNA maturation by trans-encoded small RNA and host factor RNase III. Nature. Web: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3070239/. Guo et al. 2015. Targeted genome editing in primate embryos. Cell Research. Web: http://www.nature.com/cr/journal/v25/n7/full/cr201564a.html. Jansen et al. 2002. Identification of genes that are associated with DNA repeats in prokaryotes. Molecular Microbiology. Web: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02839.x/abstract. Jinek et al. 2012. A Programmable Dual-RNA–Guided DNA Endonuclease in Adaptive Bacterial Immunity. Science. Web: http://science.sciencemag.org/content/337/6096/816.long. Komor et al. 2016. Programmable editing of a target base in genomic DNA without double-stranded DNA cleavage. Nature. Web: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v533/n7603/full/nature17946.html. Liang et al. 2015. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes. Protein & Cell. Web: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4417674/. MIT Technology Review. 11 February 2014. Genome Surgery. Web: https://www.technologyreview.com/s/524451/genome-surgery/. MIT Technology Review. 5 March 2015. Engineering the Perfect Baby. Web: https://www.technologyreview.com/s/535661/engineering-the-perfect-baby/. Nature. 1 April 2015. Mini enzyme moves gene editing closer to the clinic. Web: http://www.nature.com/news/mini-enzyme-moves-gene-editing-closer-to-the-clinic-1.17234. Nature. 29 September 2015. Gene-edited 'micropigs' to be sold as pets at Chinese institute. Web: http://www.nature.com/news/gene-edited-micropigs-to-be-sold-as-pets-at-chinese-institute-1.18448. Nature. CRISPR, the disruptor. 3 June 2015. Web: http://www.nature.com/news/crispr-the-disruptor-1.17673. Science. 17 December 2015. And Science’s 2015 Breakthrough of the Year is... Web: http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2015/12/and-science-s-breakthrough-year. The Verge. 20 April 2016. Breakthrough method means CRISPR just got a lot more relevant to human health. Web: http://www.theverge.com/2016/4/20/11450262/crispr-base-editing-single-nucleotides-dna-gene-liu-harvard. Melissa L. Hefferin, Alan E. Tomkinson, Mechanism of DNA double-strand break repair by non-homologous end joining, DNA Repair, Volume 4, Issue 6, 8 June 2005, Pages 639-648, ISSN 1568-7864, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2004.12.005. http://files.jhoandriveras.webnode.com.ve/200000063-27ea229ddb/Non-Hom%20End%20Joing%20DNA%20Repair%20-%20Hefferin-%20skip%20first%20section%20on%20yeast.pdf Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 51 - How Do Lithium-Ion Batteries Work?

13 septembre 2016

This week Reactions brings you the chemistry on how to make your smartphone's battery last longer. There's a lot of science behind those lithium ion-batteries in the latest generation of phones. But like most new generations of smartphones, its battery has pretty much stayed the same over the years. Short of carrying an external battery all the time, is there any way to extend the life of your smartphone battery? How does heat affect your battery? What causes them to become unstable? In the latest Reactions episode, we explain the chemistry of lithium-ion batteries, why they occasionally explode, and share some tips to get the most from that smartphone battery. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions LA Funk - Cragkeys Owl Services - MTWMusic Touch Me - Pure Nature Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Megan Cartwright Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Danielle Buckley, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Sources: 2014 Nature Communications - Improving battery safety by early detection of internal shorting with a bifunctional separator (http://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms6193) Described in Stanford news release (http://news.stanford.edu/2016/01/11/safe-battery-toggle-011116/) 2016 Nature Energy - Fast and reversible thermoresponsive polymer switching materials for safer batteries (http://www.nature.com/articles/nenergy20159) Described in Stanford news release (http://news.stanford.edu/2016/01/11/safe-battery-toggle-011116/) 2015 Scientific Reports - Effect of Temperature on the Aging rate of Li Ion Battery Operating above Room Temperature (http://www.nature.com/articles/srep12967) 2016 Gizmodo – Future batteries could have six times more capacity (http://www.gizmodo.co.uk/2016/08/future-batteries-could-have-six-times-more-capacity/) Penn State University - Lithium ion batteries (https://secure.www.upenn.edu/computing/resources/category/components/article/lithium-ion-batteries) The Ohio State University – Nanoprobe Laboratory for Bio- & Nanotechnology and Biomimetics/Center for Automotive Research – Aging mechanisms in Li-ion batteries (https://www.mecheng.osu.edu/nlbb/files/nlbb/Battery_aging_09.pdf) Sigma-Aldrich white paper – Lithium-ion battery performance: Dependence on material synthesis and post-treatment methods (http://depts.washington.edu/solgel/documents/pub_docs/journal_docs/2014/material-matters-v9-n4.pdf) 2012 The Bridge - Keeping Up with Increasing Demands for Electrochemical Energy Storage (https://www.nae.edu/Publications/Bridge/67677/67738.aspx) 2015 The Bridge - Lithium Ion Batteries and Their Manufacturing Challenges (https://www.nae.edu/Publications/Bridge/133842/134258.aspx) University of Washington Clean Energy Institute – Lithium Ion Battery (http://www.cei.washington.edu/education/science-of-solar/battery-technology/) 2015 Popular Mechanics - 8 Essential Tips To Keep Your Phone's Battery Healthy (http://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/gadgets/a15731/best-way-to-keep-li-ion-batteries-charged/) 2014 Gizmodo - How To Take Care of Your Smartphone Battery the Right Way (http://gizmodo.com/how-to-take-care-of-your-smartphone-battery-the-right-w-513217256) Apple – Why Lithium-ion? (http://www.apple.com/batteries/why-lithium-ion/) Apple – Maximizing Battery Life and Lifespan (http://www.apple.com/batteries/maximizing-performance/) 2011 Ars Technica - Ask Ars: What is the best way to use a Li-ion battery? (http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2011/02/ask-ars-what-is-the-best-way-to-use-an-li-ion-battery/) Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 53 - Accidental Discoveries That Go Boom

20 septembre 2016

Sometimes accidents in chemistry can be a good thing. This week Reactions brings you the science behind the accidental discovery of TNT, dynamite, and air bags. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Video Producer: Sean Parsons Writer/Host: Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Michal Meyer, Ph.D. Amelia Winthrop Kyle Nackers References: William Perkin http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history/themes/molecular-synthesis-structure-and-bonding/perkin.aspx Joseph Wilbrand http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/podcast/CIIEcompounds/transcripts/TNT.asp Theophile-Jules Pelouze https://www.britannica.com/science/nitrocellulose#ref241764 Christian Schonbein http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/media/magazine/articles/29-3-celluloid-the-eternal-substitute.aspx http://www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry/resource/rdc00001018/on-this-day-oct-18-schoenbein-was-born?cmpid=CDC00001018 Ascanio Sobrero http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/podcast/CIIEcompounds/transcripts/nitroglycerine.asp Alfred Nobel http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history/themes/early-chemistry-and-gases/nobel.aspx http://www.rsc.org/diversity/175-faces/all-faces/alfred-nobel-0 Carl Haeussermann https://books.google.com/books?id=PmuqCHDC3pwC&pg=PA404&lpg=PA404&dq=Carl+Haeussermann+TNT&source=bl&ots=ocLFkhWoZe&sig=E6hjjA7AmP1Pwu_Awp0uYfxw-f8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjYz5G8jYDOAhVCWj4KHX9YA-8Q6AEIJTAB#v=onepage&q=Carl%20Haeussermann%20TNT&f=false Édouard Bénédictus https://www.britannica.com/technology/safety-glass#ref200506 http://www.societechimiquedefrance.fr/contribution-a-l-histoire-industrielle-des-polymeres-en-france-par-jean-marie-michel Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 54 - How To Bring Stale Chips And Bread Back From The Dead

27 septembre 2016

This week Reactions is looking at some chemistry/science pro-tips on how to put the crunch back to stale chips and bread. Nothing kills snack time quite like staleness. With football season right in front of us, so we wanted to offer you some pro tips on how to revitalized your stale snacks. Oh and of course, with a whole lot of chemistry for you to chomp on. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Writer/Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Susan Richardson, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Alison Le Music: Sam Leopard - Back for Me Roberto Daglio - Com Todo Meu Amor SOURCES: Harold McGee - On Food & Cooking, pg. 541-43 Bread Staling - http://www.aaccnet.org/publications/cc/backissues/1981/documents/chem58_186.pdf On Staling - http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/experts-why-does-food-get-stale/ Bread Staling: Molecular Basis and Control - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1111/j.1541-4337.2003.tb00011.x/asset/j.1541-4337.2003.tb00011.x.pdf;jsessionid=24349C7BEA16DA5988157591962FD3B9.f03t04?v=1&t=iss00bzq&s=fa15c995feb482d2bbca13072b7088dd3b1fb406 Crust Vs. Crumb Staling - http://www.popsci.com/why-does-stale- bread-turn-hard-but-stale-chips-turn-soft Chips get soft - https://www.scienceabc.com/eyeopeners/why-chips-soften-but-bread-hardens-staling-moisture-starch-unstale.html All about chip bags - http://mentalfloss.com/article/51993/why-are-potato-chip-bags-always-half-empty Retrograded Amylose - , Average Chip Bag is 86% Air - http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20151105-im-fed-up-with-all-the-air-in-my-crisps-and-this-is-why Lower cooking Temp, slower staling - http://www.aaccnet.org/publications/cc/1997/November/Pages/74_6_710.aspx Starches are hydrophilic - http://www4.ncsu.edu/~hubbe/Defnitns/Hydrophl.htm Starch Retrogradation: A Comprehensive Review - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1541-4337.12143/full Freezing Bread retards staling - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1745-4549.1978.tb00550.x/epdf Lipid Oxidation in chips reduces flavor p 1664 - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02662428 Bread Staling: Molecular Basis and Control - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1111/j.1541-4337.2003.tb00011.x/asset/j.1541-4337.2003.tb00011.x.pdf;jsessionid=24349C7BEA16DA5988157591962FD3B9.f03t04?v=1&t=iss00bzq&s=fa15c995feb482d2bbca13072b7088dd3b1fb406 Starch Retrogradation - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1111/1541-4337.12143/asset/crf312143.pdf;jsessionid=E07C584349E40F0C3C89340B7AEA9FF5.f01t03?v=1&t=itk62ooh&s=e7bd5ecea9005927c2178c4c4dd9c10263645b8b Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 56 - What Causes PMS?

4 octobre 2016

This week Reactions takes on the chemistry of premenstrual syndrome, or PMS. The science of PMS helps to create a grab bag of unpleasant physical and psychological symptoms, PMS can be much more than an annoyance. This week, Reactions looks at how hormones including estrogen and progesterone interact with secondary chemicals, which can lead to symptoms of PMS. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Electro Swing Set Littιε dΔrk Oηε - Gypsy Swing Ting Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Megan Cartwright Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Anne Andrews, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Sources: http://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/1015/p918.html#afp20111015p918-b12 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD003415.pub4/full https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4890701/ http://www.cochrane.org/CD001396/MENSTR_selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors-ssris-for-premenstrual-syndrome http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/premenstrual-syndrome/basics/causes/con-20020003 http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/premenstrual-syndrome.html http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0024713/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0072449/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22611222 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3118460/ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301008213000968 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0006295280901525 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3753111/ http://archpsyc.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=210763 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 57 - The Nobel Prize in Chemistry: Molecular Machines, Explained - Speaking of Chemistry

6 octobre 2016

The 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry goes to Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Sir Fraser Stoddart, and Ben Feringa. Read all about it: http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/web/2016/10/Molecular-machines-garner-2016-Nobel-Prize-in-Chemistry.html ↓↓More links and references below↓↓ In this episode of Speaking of Chemistry, we look at how three molecular machinists earned this year's Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Apologies to our international posse: All times referenced in this video are based on us being in the Eastern Time Zone. For more information on the prize check out: 1.)C&EN's coverage: http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/web/2016/10/Molecular-machines-garner-2016-Nobel-Prize-in-Chemistry.html 2.)Nobelprize.org's announcement: http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2016/press.html Videos of the 4-wheeled molecule were used with permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd. Kudernac, T. et al. 2011, Nature 479, 208–211 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature10587 Want even more molecular-mechanical goodness? You are in luck, my friend. Here are some more great references. Rethinking Molecular Machines | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/90/i14/Rethinking-Molecular-Machines.html Nanomachinery Gets A Lift | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/82/i12/NANOMACHINERY-LIFT.html Nanocar Research Rolling Along | C&EN http://2015.cenmag.org/nanocar-research-kept-rolling-along-html/#.V_UovvkrJQJ A Nanocar With Four-Wheel Drive | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/89/web/2011/11/Nanocar-Four-Wheel-Drive.html Molecular Pump Mimics Natural Carrier Proteins | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/82/i12/NANOMACHINERY-LIFT.html Transition Metal-Containing Rotaxanes and Catenanes in Motion | Accounts of Chemical Research http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/ar960263r A molecular shuttle | JACS http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja00013a096 Light-driven monodirectional molecular rotor | Nature http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v401/n6749/abs/401152a0.html A [3]Rotaxane with Two Porphyrinic Plates Acting as an Adaptable Receptor | JACS http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja7110493 A Three-Compartment Chemically-Driven Molecular Information Ratchet | JACS http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja302711z Speaking of Chemistry is brought to you by Chemical & Engineering News, the news magazine of the American Chemical Society. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/SpeakingOfChem Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions

Épisode 60 - How Much Candy Would Kill You?

25 octobre 2016

This week Reactions is looking at the chemistry of Halloween candy, and how much of it can kill you. Ah, sweet, sugary, science! For those of you out there who want to figure out the oral LD50 for yourself fill in the variable "W" with your own weight in pounds: (W*13.5)/9.3 = PIECES OF FUN SIZED CANDY (W*13.5)/1.5 = PIECES OF CANDY CORN Post your results down in the comments. Happy Halloween! Reality check: Experts agree that you'd never be able to ingest enough candy to hit the LD50 of sucrose in humans (since you have to eat it all at once, which you wouldn't be able to do without vomiting). Also, the average person in the U.S. eats candy about 2-3 times per week. As with everything, moderation is key! Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Writer & Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Hans Plugge, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Alison Le SOURCES: Sucrose LD50 - https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@term+@DOCNO+500 NCA Candy Consumption Habit surveys - http://www.candyusa.com/news/americans-stay-sweet-on-halloween-by-embracing-moderation/ 2016 Halloween Sales Estimates by NRF - https://nrf.com/media/press-releases/halloween-spending-reach-84-billion-highest-survey-history AHA Suggested Added Sugars Per Day - http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/HealthyLiving/HealthyEating/Nutrition/Added-Sugars_UCM_305858_Article.jsp#.V_bAmrTMyfQ AHA Scientific Statement - http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/circulationaha/120/11/1011.full.pdf CDC Average American - http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/body-measurements.htm Average intake of Americans - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19704096 How the Body Breaks Sugar down - http://nutritionandmetabolism.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-7075-9-89 A brief history of Sucrose and what it does ot the body -https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/brainwaves/is-sugar-really-toxic-sifting-through-the-evidence/ Adypocytes & Obesity - http://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1001436 Sugars and Obesity - http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/78/4/850S.full Nutrition of Most Popular Halloween Candies - http://www.popsugar.com/fitness/Calories-Halloween-Candy-Fun-Size-Treats-5452936 Glycogen storage - http://chemistry.elmhurst.edu/vchembook/547glycogen.html Sugar in Candy corn - http://www.brachs.com/products/candy-corn/ Compound Chem LD50 - http://www.compoundchem.com/2014/07/27/lethaldoses/ Forbes Infographic of Sugar Consumption - http://www.forbes.com/sites/alicegwalton/2012/08/30/how-much-sugar-are-americans-eating-infographic/#2f2886a61f71 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 65 - How to Fry a Thanksgiving Turkey Without Burning Your House Down

21 novembre 2016

This week Reactions is looking into the chemistry behind deep fried turkey for your Thanksgiving dinner. There's a lot of science that goes into cooking that bird. But before you whip out that deep fryer, you're going to want to watch this video. Today we're bringing you the do's and don'ts of turkey frying, all the better to help you not burn your house down this year. Find us on all these places: Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Writer/Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Diane Bunce, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Music: Roberto Daglio - Flores Da Fortuna Vogelaudio - Death From Above SOURCES On Deep Frying oils – http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00352.x/asset/j.1750-3841.2007.00352.x.pdf?v=1&t=iulx78gv&s=73382d07fe812fcfbd1aa5ed28c83f29115b669b Smoke Point - http://www.seriouseats.com/2014/05/cooking-fats-101-whats-a-smoke-point-and-why-does-it-matter.html How Deep Frying Cooks a food - http://www.cookingforengineers.com/article/224/Heat-Transfer-and-Cooking Cooking Oils - https://bcachemistry.wordpress.com/2014/03/27/the-oil-about-oils-structure-smoke-point-and-health-effects-of-cooking-oils/ Cool Guide on how to use different oils - http://www.telegraph.co.uk/food-and-drink/healthy-eating/everything-you-know-about-cooking-with-oil-is-wrong/ How to Deep Fry A Turkey W/O Killing Yourself - https://www.wired.com/2015/11/how-to-deep-fry-a-turkey-without-killing-yourself/ Turkey Fry Safety - http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/deep-fat-frying-and-food-safety/ct_index Autoignition of cooking oils - http://drum.lib.umd.edu/bitstream/handle/1903/11333/Buda_Ortins_ResearchPaper.pdfn Flavors in Frying - http://www.scielo.org.ve/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-06222013000100001 Polarity of water and oil - http://mocomi.com/why-oil-and-water-dont-mix/ Maillard Reaction Infographic - http://www.compoundchem.com/2015/01/27/maillardreaction/ The Science of Deep Frying - https://scienceandfooducla.wordpress.com/2015/08/25/fair-food-deep-frying/ Polar Representation - http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_soZ6GfrKb8E/TI09yIJQdxI/AAAAAAAAAy0/FLK77qQdGgw/s1600/712px-Water-elpot-transparent-3D-ballsv.png Steam is 1700 times original volume of water: https://van.physics.illinois.edu/qa/listing.php?id=30776&t=water-expanding-as-steam Sources: Turkey Fryer Fire - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYvMWIvghnQ Ace Media, LLC - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a3KDQECL2qg Andrew Bench - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_zxgEGoVLAE U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mvyItuuXbLM Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 67 - Can I Still Eat This?

29 novembre 2016

This week Reactions gets into the chemistry/science of expired foods and how expirations dates are lying to us. An estimated 133 billion pounds of food gets thrown into the trash every year in the United States, so understanding when your food goes bad is important to help reduce waste. Unfortunately, consumers can’t just check the expiration date on the packaging, because the listed date rarely coincides with when the food actually spoils. So how can you tell if your food is still safe to eat? This week, Reactions talks food expiration-date misconceptions and gives you some guidelines to answer that age-old question: Can I still eat this? FoodKeeper: iOS: https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/usda-foodkeeper/id978186100?mt=8 Android: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=gov.usda.fsis.foodkeeper2 (H/T Samuel Walters-Nevet for sending us the Android link) Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! http://instagram.com/ACSReactions Nylon Flares - Alec Makinson LA Funk - Treehouse77 Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Sam Lemonick Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Donald Schaffner, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. chemistry Sources: https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/resources/highschool/chemmatters/past-issues/2016-2017/october-2016.html http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/food-labeling/food-product-dating/food-product-dating http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2012/12/26/167819082/dont-fear-that-expired-food http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/magazine/2015/10/is-expired-food-safe-to-eat/index.htm https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/dating-game-report.pdf https://www.foodsafety.gov/blog/2016/02/what-is-food-spoilage.html http://food.unl.edu/how-food-spoils https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/molds-on-food-are-they-dangerous_/ct_index https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/experts-why-cut-apples-turn-brown/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC164220/ http://file.scirp.org/pdf/FNS_2014021310355207.pdf https://foodsafety.foodscience.cornell.edu/sites/foodsafety.foodscience.cornell.edu/files/shared/documents/CU-DFScience-Notes-Milk-Flavor-Defects-Sensory-Eval-04-10.pdf http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/2012/07/scientists-find-new-culprits-spoil-milk Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 72 - Let's Settle This: How to Care for Cast-Iron

15 décembre 2016

This week Reactions takes chemistry to the kitchen, or at least to cast iron skillets. Science helps to answer how we should take care of these bad boys and how to season them. Cast-Iron skillets are one of the kitchen's ultimate multitools with some big time advantages over your everyday, stock aluminum pan. Today we're taking a look at why these pans rule, and for you kitchen know-it-alls out there, pay close attention: we're using chemistry to prove the right way to season and treat a cast-iron skillet. Check out the Food Lab! - http://www.seriouseats.com/the-food-lab Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Writer/Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Alison Andrews, Ph.D. Bill Carroll, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Alison Le SOURCES: The Food Lab: Better Home Cooking Through Science - Pg. 84-92 Cast-Iron Basics - http://www.cookingissues.com/2010/02/16/heavy-metal-the-science-of-cast-iron-cooking/ How Protein Rich Foods Stick - http://www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry/resource/res00000814/why-do-pans-stick Heat capacities of metals - http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/specific-heat-metals-d_152.html Polymerization of lipids at high temperatures - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ed061p299 Polymerization of drying oils - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/cr60232a001 Chemistry of deep-frying - explores oxidation and polymerization of oil (pages R2-R3) -http://nfscfaculty.tamu.edu/talcott/courses/FSTC605/Class%20Presentation%20Papers-2015/Frying%20Oils.pdf Smoke points of cooking oils - http://www.cookingforengineers.com/article/50/Smoke-Points-of-Various-Fats Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 73 - The Cold Truth About Fat

22 décembre 2016

This week Reactions is taking a look at fat cell chemistry. There's some science happening in your body when it's cold out. Today we're talking fat, and whether or not the shivering cold can help you shed a couple extra pounds. Find us on all these places: Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Writer/Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Stephen Farmer, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Alison Le Music: Pure Natural - Solar Rhapsody Roberto Daglio - Mr. Fantastic SOURCES: To Burn Fat, You Can Shiver - http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/02/140211-shivering-cold-exercise-brown-fat-white-fat-irisin-metabolism-weight-loss/ Adipocytes, Beige and Brown - http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/v19/n10/full/nm.3361.html More on Adipocytes - http://www.sportsci.org/encyc/adipose/adipose.html On how fats are stored - http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/cellular-microscopic/fat-cell3.htm Obesity Issue - http://www.latimes.com/science/sciencenow/la-sci-sn-american-adults-more-obese-20151112-story.html NEAT Thermogensis - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12468415 Why We Shiver - http://www.livescience.com/32475-why-do-we-shiver-when-cold.html Brown Fat to Battle Obesity - https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/supercharging-brown-fat-to-battle-obesity/ On Irisin Hormone - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22237023 Exercize and irisin - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26278051 Cold and irisin - http://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/abstract/S1550-4131(14)00006-0 Shivering - https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/12/071217111007.htm Iron in Mitochondira - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18948172 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 2 - Does Cough Medicine Really Work?

3 janvier 2017

This week Reactions is taking a look at the science of when you're sick. Well, the cough syrup chemistry actually. If you reach for the cherry-flavored cough medicine, you're not alone. Every year, people spend billions of dollars on this stuff. But does any of it actually work? In this episode, we explain the chemistry behind cough medicine, and dig into the evidence to find out which remedies actually work. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Writer/Producer: Shelley Sandiford Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Bruce Rubin, Ph.D. Alison Le Kyle Nackers References: Reviews (Cough Medicine): http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD001831.pub5/abstract http://ebn.bmj.com/content/5/3/78.full.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1325161/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2802352/ http://www.bmj.com/content/324/7333/329.1.full Cough treatments: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD000530.pub3/abstract http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/803288 http://www.chestnet.org/Foundation/Patient-Education-Resources/Cough/Treatment-and-Drugs Coughing (general information): https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/cough http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012369215528274 http://clinicalgate.com/airway-clearance-therapy/ http://www.lung.org/about-us/blog/2016/05/sneeze-versus-cough.html http://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/features/cough-relief-how-lose-bad-cough#1 http://patient.info/health/cough-medicines Cough reflex in animals: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2882536/ Effects of honey on coughing: http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/571638 http://www.cochrane.org/CD007094/ARI_honey-for-acute-cough-in-children Dextromethorphan poisoning: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15563650701606443 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 3 - The Legal Battle over CRISPR — Speaking of Chemistry

9 janvier 2017

We went to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office to get the lowdown on the CRISPR gene-editing patent dispute. Read C&EN’s coverage here: http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/web/2016/12/CRISPR-creators-duke-US-patent.html ↓↓Full description and references below↓↓ CRISPR/Cas9 is making gene-editing cheaper and easier than ever before, but the creators are embroiled in a fierce dispute over who holds the patents to CRISPR technology. In this episode, after hearing attorneys duke it out, Ryan Cross explains how the kerfuffle developed, and what the possible outcomes of the impending decision mean. If this episode makes you crazy for more CRISPR, check out these great resources. Expanding CRISPR toolkit may render patent fight moot | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/95/i1/Expanding-CRISPR-toolkit-render-patent.html The CRISPR craze continued | C&EN http://yearinreview.cenmag.org/crispr-craze-continued/ Genome Editing Writ Large | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/93/i35/Genome-Editing-Writ-Large.html A simple guide to CRISPR, one of the biggest science stories of 2016 | Vox http://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2016/12/30/13164064/crispr-cas9-gene-editing The unsung heroes of CRISPR | Nature http://www.nature.com/news/the-unsung-heroes-of-crispr-1.20272 One of our reporters tried to do CRISPR. He failed miserably. | Science http://www.sciencemag.org/video/one-our-reporters-tried-do-crispr-he-failed-miserably Who Owns the Biggest Biotech Discovery of the Century? | MIT Technology Review https://www.technologyreview.com/s/532796/who-owns-the-biggest-biotech-discovery-of-the-century/ Want even more Speaking of Chemistry? Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SpeakingOfChem And drop us a line at speakingofchem@acs.org Speaking of Chemistry is brought to you by Chemical & Engineering News, the news magazine of the American Chemical Society. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions

Épisode 4 - What Might Trump Mean for Chemistry? — Speaking of Chemistry

21 janvier 2017

As Donald Trump becomes president, huge questions remain about his policies affecting the central science. So we’ve started looking for answers. Visit C&EN for more comprehensive coverage: http://cen.acs.org/articles/95/i3/US-science-policy-big-shift.html ↓↓More info and references below↓↓ While presidents tweet, money talks. In this episode, we look how Trump’s economic stances could affect the dollars and cents of chemistry. Huge thanks to Kevin Trenberth and Cal Dooley for their help with this video. Check out the links below for more information. Kevin Trenberth, Distinguished Senior Scientist | NCAR http://www.cgd.ucar.edu/staff/trenbert/ The American Chemistry Council https://www.americanchemistry.com/ For U.S. science policy, big shift ahead | C&EN http://cen.acs.org/articles/95/i3/US-science-policy-big-shift.html Historical Trends in Federal R&D | AAAS https://www.aaas.org/page/historical-trends-federal-rd Scientists are frantically copying U.S. climate data, fearing it might vanish under Trump | WaPo https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/12/13/scientists-are-frantically-copying-u-s-climate-data-fearing-it-might-vanish-under-trump/ Trump’s space policy reaches for Mars and the stars | Space News http://spacenews.com/trumps-space-policy-reaches-for-mars-and-the-stars/ Earth scientists are freaking out. NASA urges calm | Space News http://spacenews.com/earth-scientists-are-freaking-out-nasa-urges-calm/ Trump promises to 'lift the restrictions on American energy' | LA Times http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-fi-trump-fracking-20160922-snap-story.html Earth data visualizations are all from NASA. Check them out here http://climate.nasa.gov/resources/graphics-and-multimedia/ Speaking of Chemistry is a production of Chemical & Engineering News (C&EN), the weekly news magazine of the American Chemical Society. Contact us at speakingofchem@acs.org! Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions [Insert music credit here] Producer: Writer: Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: [Insert expert here] Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers

Épisode 6 - What is Your Snot Saying?

31 janvier 2017

Anna's Snot Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=shEPwQPQG4I This week Reactions takes a look at the science behind your snot. That's right--there's a lot of chemistry going on in your phlegm. But despite being a little icky, phlegm gets a bad rap. This germ-fighting goo contains cells and chemical compounds that help us power through a cold. You can also think of mucus as a traffic light for your health - what turns up in our used tissues can be a useful clue about the inner workings of our immune systems. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Nylon Flares - Alec Makinson LA Funk - cragkeys Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Judith Lavelle Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Jennifer Reams, D.O. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Sources: Harvard Health Blog: http://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/dont-judge-your-mucus-by-its-color-201602089129 CDC - Runny Nose Q&A: https://www.cdc.gov/getsmart/community/materials-references/print-materials/parents-young-children/runny-nose-faqs.html CDC - Common Cold and Runny Nose: https://www.cdc.gov/getsmart/community/for-patients/common-illnesses/colds.html MedlinePlus - Causes and Home Treatment of stuffy or runny nose: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003049.htm Clinical Infectious Diseases Journal; Editor's Comment on Viruses and Cold Symptoms: http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/26/4/847.short Histamines and antihistamines - review of Desloratadine: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3500039/ Psuedophedrine vs. ephedrine (1978): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1429447/pdf/brjclinpharm00288-0035.pdf MCBI myleperoxidase: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4353 WebMD article: tp://www.webmd.com/allergies/features/the-truth-about-mucus#2 Cleveland Clinic infographic: https://health.clevelandclinic.org/2014/11/what-the-color-of-your-snot-really-means-infographic/ Gizmodo article: http://io9.gizmodo.com/boogers-myths-and-facts-1456033776 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 9 - How Does Cooking Affect Nutrients in Veggies?

21 février 2017

This week Reactions explores the chemistry and science that goes on to the nutrients when you cook vegetables. Vegetables are chock-full of essential vitamins and minerals, but how should you eat them to get the most nutritious bang for your buck? Raw? Sauteed? Frozen? You might want to eat those fresh green beans right away, for one — flash-frozen green beans kept for months have up to three times more vitamin C than week-old beans kept in the fridge. And did you know that oil-based dressing and avocados can help you absorb more nutrients from that kale salad. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Roberto Daglio - Mr Fantastic Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Tien Nguyen Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Francisco Barberán, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Sources: Vitamin C fact sheet - https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-HealthProfessional/ Vitamin B fact sheet - https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminB6-HealthProfessional/ Vitamin A fact sheet - https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-HealthProfessional/ Vitamin E fact sheet - https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminE-HealthProfessional/ Vitamin K fact sheet - https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminK-HealthProfessional/#h3 Magnesium fact sheet - https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-Consumer/ Iron fact sheet - https://ods.od.nih.gov/pubs/usdandb/Iron-Food.pdf#search=%22iron%22 Calcium fact sheet - https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Calcium-Consumer/ Local produce nutrition - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09637480701453637?scroll=top&needAccess=true Nutritional comparison of frozen vs. fresh green beans - http://ucce.ucdavis.edu/files/datastore/234-779.pdf Effect of ethylene gas on vegetables - http://carrotmuseum.co.uk/EthylenePDF.pdf Cooking helps break down cell walls and release nutrients - http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/10/18/ask-well-does-boiling-or-baking-vegetables-destroy-their-vitamins/?_r=0 Cooking method effect on nutritional value of broccoli comparison - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf072304b Cutting vegetables in larger chunks to reduce leaching - http://www.leeds.ac.uk/yawya/science-and-nutrition/The%20effects%20of%20cooking%20on%20nutrition.html Trans fat impact on health - http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/HealthyLiving/HealthyEating/Nutrition/Trans-Fats_UCM_301120_Article.jsp#.WIeCorGZPBJ Full fat dressing for better carotenoid absorption - http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/80/2/396.full Raw diet impact on lycopene and carotenoids - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18028575 Lycopene in Tomatoes - http://researchnews.osu.edu/archive/lycoproc.htm Carotenoids - http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/dietary-factors/phytochemicals/carotenoids Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 12 - The Chemistry of Redheads

14 mars 2017

This week Reactions is exploring the science behind redheads. That's right--there's a lot of science that goes on with our ginger friend's locks. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Writer/Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Ian J. Jackson, Ph.D. William P. Pavan, Ph.D. Rick A. Sturm, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Sources: melanin structures http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/17/5/746/htm MC1R Gene Melanocytes - https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/MC1R The Effects of Red Hair in Surgury - http://www.bmj.com/bmj/section-pdf/186171?path=/bmj/341/7786/Surgery.full.pdf Redheads and pain - http://anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org/article.aspx?articleid=1942394 Chemistry of Hair color - https://sites.duke.edu/thepepproject/module-2-drug-testing-a-hair-brained-idea/content-background-the-chemistry-of-hair-and-hair-color/ Melanin - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2671032/ Types of melanin - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2071942 Pheomelanin - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2071942 MC1R Variants - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ijc.23396/full Skin pigmentation and evolution - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3267121/ MC1R Mutations - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1180688/ Chemistry of Hair http://www.texascollaborative.org/hildasustaita/module%20files/topic3.htm Redhead heat sensitivity - http://anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org/article.aspx?articleid=1942394 MC1R and Nociception - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1692342/ Redhead project - https://www.ucl.ac.uk/mace-lab/genetic-ancestry/guff_pages/guff_documents/Red-Head_Project.pdf Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 14 - What's the Best Way to Cook Pasta?

21 mars 2017

This week Reactions is taking a close look at the chemistry in your pasta. That's right--there's science behind perfectly cooked pappardelle. Pasta noodles contain only three ingredients: eggs, water and flour. But how can you achieve a tasty result every time? Cooking pasta chemically changes how the proteins and starches interact, making the noodles sticky and springy. Therefore, what you do — or don’t do — to the cooking water can change the edible result. This video serves up four food-chemistry informed pasta pro-tips so you can serve up delectable al dente pasta instead of an unappetizing ball of overcooked noodles. Read more at: http://www.thenibble.com/reviews/main/pastas/glossary6.asp [Correction at 0:30: It should be spelled "Durum" not "Durham" wheat. Thanks to Edmund Bridge, CU SOM Mini Med and other viewers for pointing this out.] Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Writer: Sam Lemonick Narrator/Scientific Consultant: Kyle Nackers Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Video Producer: Sean Parsons Scientific consultants: Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Eric Decker, Ph.D. Matt Hartings, Ph.D. References: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jsfa.7176/full http://blog.fabianelli.it/en/durum-wheat-semolina-and-soft-wheat-do-you-know-the-difference/ http://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/youre-doing-it-wrong-the-guide-to-making-perfect-pasta-946855/?no-ist Gordon Ramsay adding oil: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UYhKDweME3A Alton Brown no oil: http://www.thekitchn.com/why-alton-brown-doesnt-oil-his-pasta-water-179168 http://www.seriouseats.com/2014/05/does-pasta-water-really-make-difference.html Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 15 - How Do We Tell Temperature?

28 mars 2017

This week Reactions takes a look at the science behind how we tell temperature. There's a lot of chemistry that goes into thermometers. We have a lot of confidence that we measure temperature accurately. But how do thermometers in the kitchen or doctor’s office work? Thanks to the laws of thermodynamics, thermometers respond to heat moving from hot to cold as a means of measuring temperature. Clever physical chemists and engineers have taken temperature tools from the simple, but still useful, lined glass thermometers to digital readouts. And you might be surprised to find out how Einstein took thermometers the distance. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions JD Pigs Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Judith Lavelle Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Dawn Cross Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Sources: Fever Guidelines https://www.cdc.gov/quarantine/air/reporting-deaths-illness/definitions-symptoms-reportable-illnesses.html http://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-fever/basics/art-20056685 http://highschoolenergy.acs.org/content/hsef/en/what-is-energy/thermometers.html http://theinventors.org/library/inventors/blthermometer.htm Galileo Project (Rice Univ.) - Thermometer http://galileo.rice.edu/sci/instruments/thermometer.html EPA - Mercury in your thermometer https://www.epa.gov/mercury/mercury-thermometers EPA - Mercury - Health Effects https://www.epa.gov/mercury/health-effects-exposures-mercury NIST - phasing out mercury thermometer calibration https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2011/02/end-era-nist-cease-calibrating-mercury-thermometers Galilean Thermometer not so Galilean (interesting, but also corroborates the event of Galileo’s invention of the thermoscope around the start of the 17th century) http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ed200793g Bimetallic thermometers http://www.teltru.com/topic.aspx?name=faq thermocouples [deleted content] http://www.msm.cam.ac.uk/utc/thermocouple/pages/ThermocouplesOperatingPrinciples.html thermistors https://www.nist.gov/pml/mercury-thermometer-alternatives-thermistor http://www.radio-electronics.com/info/data/resistor/thermistor/thermistor.php IR semiconductor sensors https://www.noao.edu/meetings/gdw/files/Joyce_IR.pdf IR planet measurement https://geosci.uchicago.edu/~rtp1/papers/PhysTodayRT2011.pdf https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience.html “Experiments in Physical Chemistry”, 6th edition. David P. Shoemaker, Carl W. Garland, Joseph W. Nibler. McGraw-Hill, 1996. Chapter 18 “Temperature” and Chapter 19 “Instruments” Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 16 - What is Bicycle Day?

11 avril 2017

April 19th celebrates Bicycle Day? But what is this holiday dedicated to? Find out in this Reactions video! This week Reactions is celebrating Bicycle day with some psychedelic science. The chemistry behind LSD has an interesting story. Chemist Albert Hofmann first discovered the psychedelic effects of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, or LSD-25. Today we're talking the chemical history of LSD, so get ready to turn on, tune in, but don't drop out... you might just learn something. [Correction at 0:09 and 1:13: "Hoffman" should be spelled "Hofmann". We've added a correction (via annotation) -- we really regret missing this. Thanks to oildream for pointing this out.] Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Writer & Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Sonja Krane, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Music: Pure Natural - Touch Me Robert Daglio - Com Todo Meu Amor SOURCES: On Ergot - http://www.rcpe.ac.uk/journal/issue/journal_39_2/lee.pdf Ergot Abortions - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2558386/?page=1 Headache remedy - http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/migraine/medications-for-treating-migraine-attacks.html Ergotamine - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12383066 Total Synthesis of Lysergic Acid - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ja01594a039 LSD: My Problem Child - http://www.maps.org/images/pdf/books/lsdmyproblemchild.pdf Article on LSD Discovery - https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2014/09/the-accidental-discovery-of-lsd/379564/ Mystirc Chemist: The life of Albert Hofman - http://www.synergeticpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/MYSTICCHEMISTReviewCopy-final.pdf Studies in the effects of LSD-25 - http://jamanetwork.com/journals/archneurpsyc/article-abstract/652365 Acid Dreams (book) - https://books.google.com.hk/books?id=_oq8djFLFL0C&pg=PT28&lpg=PT28&dq=Werner+Stoll+Lysergic+acid&source=bl&ots=_3dVafysrk&sig=78Cx6chDin43D0FYVF1IJ20LtQ0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi21eHtyqjSAhUDKpQKHdc3Dk4Q6AEIPzAH#v=onepage&q=Werner%20Stoll%20Lysergic%20acid&f=false Hoffman lives past 100 - http://pubs.acs.org/stoken/campaign/watchglass/pdf/10.1021/cen-v084n009.p043?hootPostID=b7cd1d2b3bcb5637c204a96b548f6cbe LSD test on mathematics - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00223980.1955.9916196?journalCode=vjrl20 Possible medical uses of psychedelics http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i13/Psychedelic-compounds-like-ecstasy-just.html LSD and Schizophrenia - http://journals.lww.com/jonmd/Citation/1968/08000/Lysergic_Acid_Diethylamide__Lsd_25__and.8.aspx LSD and Alcoholism - http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/ajp.125.10.1352 LSD issues - http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/ajp.108.12.896 More LSD Issues - http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM196512022732302 US Drug Scheduling - https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/21cfr/cfr/1308/1308_11.htm St. Anthony’s fire and alchemy: http://www.jstor.org/stable/776751?seq=6#page_scan_tab_contents Ergotism and Salem witch trials possible connection http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/192/4234/21.full.pdf … Caporeal, L.R. Ergotism: The Satan loosed in Salem? Science 1976, 192(4234), p. 21-26. CURRENT RESEARCH IN LSD 2016: Survey of research antidepressive, anti-addictive, and anti-anxiety potentials in LSD. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2045125316638008 Jan, 2017: study in Cell investigates the crystal structure of LSD and its biochemical effect on the brain. http://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(16)31749-4?_returnURL=http%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0092867416317494%3Fshowall%3Dtrue Feb, 2017: study identifies serotonin receptor in brain respsobile for “feeling of meaning” and actually studies why LSD makes music sound. http://www.cell.com/current-biology/abstract/S0960-9822(16)31510-X?_returnURL=http%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS096098221631510X%3Fshowall%3Dtrue Jan, 2017: A look into LSD induced psychedelic phosphenes, and the role of biocheemiluminescence. https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/revneuro.ahead-of-print/revneuro-2016-0047/revneuro-2016-0047.xml Jan 2017: A look into why LSD is so difficult to find in urine tests. https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/cclm.2017.55.issue-1/cclm-2016-0341/cclm-2016-0341.xml 2016: How LSD Affects Perception of Language http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23273798.2016.1217030 Jan 2016: How LSD affects Circadian Rhythm. http://www.fasebj.org/content/30/1_Supplement/930.4.short Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 17 - How Do Worms Turn Garbage into Compost?

19 avril 2017

This week Reactions dug our hands into some earthworm science. Some pretty useful chemistry comes out of these little critters in the form of compost. If you’re enjoying some tasty food today that has at least one ingredient that was farmed somewhere, you probably owe a little thanks to earthworms. How is it that these detritivores – literally dirt eaters – turn what humans find inedible into beloved compost? After the biology and physics of swallowing and “chewing”, like us it’s all chemistry for digestion. But earthworms have an extra enzyme that allows them to munch through cellulose, the ultimate fiber of that makes tree bark a non-starter in human diets. Yet all this powerful chemistry means not everyone sees earthworms as the greatest creature to crawl – find out all the dirt in this video. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Writer: Sam Lemonick Narrator/Scientific Consultant/Co-writer: Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Scientific Consultant: Kyle Nackers Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Video Producer: Sean Parsons Music: Bomba_Pa_Siempre Cumbia_No_Frills_Faster Walk_the_Dog Walk_With_Me Sources: http://jeb.biologists.org/content/13/3/279 http://web.uvic.ca/~cpc/reprints/Constabel%26Barbehenn2008.pdf http://cen.acs.org/articles/93/i32/Protecting-Earthworm-Guts.html https://naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/35483/PDF https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Bacteria_and_earthworms http://extension.psu.edu/plants/crops/soil-management/soil-quality/earthworms http://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms8869 https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detailfull/soils/health/biology/?cid=nrcs142p2_053863 Calcium secretion https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4441739/#CR35 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883292711001119 this last reference, published in 2011, contains the line “ The function 16 that these granules serve for the earthworm is unknown (Darwin, 1881; Robertson, 1936; 17 Piearce, 1972; Briones et al., 2008) but previous studies have shown that earthworm granules 18 are commonplace in soils (Ponomareva, 1948; Wiecek and Messenger, 1972; Bal, 1977; 19 Canti, 1998)” (preprint pdf [?] here Megadrile biological classification http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/92582089/major-megadrile-families-world-reviewed-again-their-taxonomic-types-annelida-oligochaeta-megadrilacea https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/megadrile Nitrogen cycle to understand bacteria role https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Nitrogen_cycle_including_GHG Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 22 - The Leidenfrost Effect

16 mai 2017

This week Reactions is all about the chemistry and science of the Leidenfrost Effect. Have you ever seen a drop of water navigate a maze? It’s possible thanks to a weird phenomenon called the Leidenfrost Effect. Understanding Leidenfrost — first described more than 200 years ago — helped engineers make more efficient steam engines. Today, scientists are using high-speed cameras to work out how super hot water behaves on metal surfaces. These little levitating water droplets are a big deal -- this could also help prevent future nuclear disasters. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Writer: Sam Lemonick Narrator/Scientific Consultant: Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Scientific Consultant: Neelesh Patankar, Ph.D. Scientific Consultant: Kei Takashina, Ph.D. Fact Checker: Kyle Nackers Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Video Producer: Sean Parsons Special Thanks To: University of Bath Music: "Boo_Boogie" By Dougie Wood "Sunday_Plans" By Silent Partner References: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7ada/7ce805ff50b9a9b2e64cb3b50d95ed54b984.pdf http://www.wiley.com/college/phy/halliday320005/pdf/leidenfrost_essay.pdf https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w0lMJcAfzU4&ab_channel=UniversityofBath https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zzKgnNGqxMw&ab_channel=SciFri http://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.154502 http://revolution-green.com/producing-energy-with-the-leidenfrost-effect/ Thermal conductivity of liquid water https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/documents/srd/jpcrd493.pdf Thermal conductivity of steam http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1243/JMES_JOUR_1969_011_048_02 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 24 - Does Peeing on a Jellyfish Sting Make it Stop Hurting?

23 mai 2017

*Correction: At 0:14: Jellyfish have been around for 600 million years, but we incorrectly read 6 million in the narration. We apologize for missing this. Thanks to Eric Dabbs and Mark Bare for bringing this to our attention. Special thanks to San Francisco's Aquarium of the Bay for letting us film their beautiful jellyfish. Find out more about them here: https://www.aquariumofthebay.org/ Sure, jellyfish look pretty serene, but we all know the evils that come from a run-in with those tentacles. You’ve probably heard the rumor that peeing on a jellyfish sting can make the pain go away, but does this icky old wives tale stand up to science? Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Nematocysts firing footage is courtesy of Ron Koss at the University of Alberta. http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/courses.hp/zool250/Labs/Lab03/Lab03.htm Owl Service Sam Leopard - Back For More Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Judith Lavelle Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Susan Richardson, Ph.D. Mike McGill Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Sources: “Jellyfish and Comb Jellies” Smithsonian Institute (2014) http://ocean.si.edu/jellyfish-and-comb-jellies “Take a look at a jellyfish sting in slow motion” PBS (2014) http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/take-look-jellyfish-sting-slow-motion/ “What’s Behind That Jellyfish Sting?” Smithsonian Magazine (2013) http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/whats-behind-that-jellyfish-sting-2844876/ “Should We Stop Using Vinegar To Treat Box Jelly Stings? Not Yet—Venom Experts Weigh In On Recent Study” Discover (2014) http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/science-sushi/2014/04/09/stop-using-vinegar-treat-box-jelly-stings-yet-venom-experts-weigh-recent-study/#.WPF_jWTysfE “Old Wives' Tale? Urine as Jellyfish Sting Remedy” ABC News (2006) http://abcnews.go.com/Health/story?id=2283933&page=1 “What You Need to Know About the Coming Jellyfish Apocalypse” Mother Jones (2014) http://www.motherjones.com/environment/2014/06/watch-out-summer-swimmers-here-come-jellyfish http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10643389.2014.1000761 Jellyfish Stings and Their Management: A Review https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3640396/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 26 - Chemistry Life Hacks: Food Edition

6 juin 2017

Another episode of Reaction's Chemistry Life Hacks: Food Edition. 0:15 - Make low calorie rice 1:22 - Keep your fruit from oxidizing and turning brown 2:32 - Tenderize your meat quickly Our latest episode brings chemistry to the kitchen, and features science-backed tips to cook rice with fewer calories, get extra juicy chicken (when you don't have time to marinate) and keep sliced fruit from browning too quickly. Watch the video and find out how to use chemistry to give your food a flavor boost. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Producer/Writer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Dan Souza Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Sources: Low-cal rice: https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/newsreleases/2015/march/new-low-calorie-rice-could-help-cut-rising-obesity-rates.html https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2015/03/25/scientists-have-figured-out-a-simple-way-to-cook-rice-that-dramatically-cuts-the-calories/?utm_term=.0afcccf3e963 http://apjcn.nhri.org.tw/server/APJCN/24/4/620.pdf Fruit for later: Hack - http://www.seriouseats.com/2015/09/how-to-prevent-apple-pear-browning.html Browning - http://hortsci.ashspublications.org/content/45/8/1150.full http://extension.psu.edu/food/preservation/tools/supplies/ingredients/ingredients-used-in-home-food-preservation https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4444905/ Timely tenderizer: Tenderizer hack - http://drgrub.com/tag/american-food-2/ Meats and Proteins - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1541-4337.12243/full http://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-use-baking-soda-in-marinades-2016-5 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22056073 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 28 - Why is Olive Oil Awesome?

20 juin 2017

This week Reactions explores the rich chemistry and science behind olive oil. Whether you sop it up with bread or use it to boost your cooking, olive oil is awesome. But a lot of chemistry goes on in that bottle that can make or break a product. Take the “extra virgin” standard: Chemistry tells us that a higher free-fatty-acid content leads to a lower grade, less tasty oil. And those peppery notes are thanks to antioxidants that contribute to olive oil’s healthy reputation. Check out the latest Reactions video for more olive oil chemistry, including how to keep yours fresh and how to best use it to give your food a flavor boost. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Fact Checker: Kyle Nackers Writer: Kerri Jansen Producer: Sean Parsons Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: John Gleeson, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Dan Flynn Music: "Funk Soul Summer" By waggstar Sources: http://www.compoundchem.com/2015/08/25/fat/ http://olivecenter.ucdavis.edu/learn/olive-oil-tips-for-consumers https://www.australianolives.com.au/assets/files/pdfs/Media/Health%20Effects%20of%20Rancid%20Oils.pdf http://anrcatalog.ucanr.edu/pdf/8267.pdf http://www.internationaloliveoil.org/estaticos/view/89-the-antioxidant-properties-of-the-olive-oil https://www.dropbox.com/sh/97znhovyk5e9o7v/AACK-phZW4ilSSeXV6R8Ojj5a?dl=0 Oxidative stability of virgin olive oil (2002; CSIC) - https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Joaquin_Velasco/publication/264617494_Oxidative_stability_of_virgin_olive_oil/links/55c9a22808aeb97567478f3e.pdf Smoke point reference used in cast-iron script - http://www.cookingforengineers.com/article/50/Smoke-Points-of-Various-Fats California Olive Oil Council - https://www.cooc.com/tips-for-cooking-storage/ Certification process - https://www.cooc.com/certification-process/ International Olive Council; Testing methods list - http://www.internationaloliveoil.org/estaticos/view/224-testing-methods Australian Olive Association “Health Effects of Rancid Oils” - https://www.australianolives.com.au/assets/files/pdfs/Media/Health%20Effects%20of%20Rancid%20Oils.pdf Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 29 - Why is the Statue of Liberty Green?

29 juin 2017

Check out BrainCraft here: https://www.youtube.com/braincraft Reactions is all about the chemistry that happens in copper this week. The Statue of Liberty and her green color is filled with science. Did you know she wasn't always green? When France gifted Lady Liberty to the U.S., she was a 305-foot statue with reddish-brown copper skin. Her color change is thanks to about 30 years’ worth of chemistry in the air of New York City harbor. Get an education on the chemistry of how this monumental statue transitioned from penny red to chocolate brown to glorious liberty green in this Reactions video. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://tumblr.com/ACSReactions Battle Hymn of the Republic Washington Post March - Catherine Gagnon LA Funk Sam Leopard - The Gold Medley Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Sam Lemonick Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Terri L. Woods, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Sources: http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/09/19/the-statue-of-libertys-beguiling-green http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0010938X87900539 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0010938X87900473 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0010938X87900540 http://www.wskc.org/documents/281621/282063/ENGAGE_E3S_Chemistry_Statue+of+Liberty.pdf/e4f24c7e-3666-425e-9c41-7dbdd0065eb4 https://www.copper.org/applications/architecture/arch_dhb/technical-discussion/fundamentals/arch_considerations.html#weathering_chart https://www.finishing.com/261/74.shtml (just look at the sweet note after this post) expert-cited article from ACS’s own ES&T Livingston, R.A. Influence of the environment on the patina of the Statue of Liberty. Environ. Sci. Technol. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es00020a006 Zoltai, T. and Stout, J.H. Mineralogy: Concepts and Principles. 1984. Burgess (Minneapolis). Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 30 - Dragon's Blood Could Save Your Life

11 juillet 2017

This week Reactions is looking at chemistry in bizarre places that could save your life. The science within the blood of the Komodo dragon or in a horseshoe crab can help with antibiotic resistance. But it doesn't end there, so we're taking a closer look at other wild places in nature that we've found fantastic drugs! Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Writer/Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Al Segars, Ph.D. Jacqueline Fries, Ph.D. John Yates, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Music: Roberto Daglio - Con Todo Meu Amor Smidi - Cadillac Candy Special Thanks to Schoolyard Films for giving us the awesome Horseshoe Crab Blood milking footage. See their in depth video on horseshoe crabs here: https://florida.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/7fc02c9a-5678-4eab-9d10-0485fe66363e/horseshoe-crabs-prehistoric-paramedics/#.WWTKucaB2_U SOURCES: Antibacterial resistance - https://www.cdc.gov/getsmart/community/about/antibiotic-resistance-faqs.html Komodo Dragon’s Blood - https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/presspacs/2017/acs-presspac-february-22-2017/antimicrobial-substances-identified-in-Komodo-dragon-blood.html Biofilms - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2732559/ & https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23635385 Antimicrobials in Komodo Dragon blood - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00857 VK25 inspires the DRGN-1 peptide - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41522-017-0017-2 DRGN-1 Kills biofilms - https://www.asm.org/index.php/2015-12-11-13-38-57/2-uncategorised/94002-antimicrobial-properties-of-peptides-derived-from-reptiles MRSA is getting crazy - https://thefern.org/ag_insider/pig-related-infections-spread-denmark-may-u-s/ Dendrilla Membrosa - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/np50123a020 Darwinolide Story - https://phys.org/news/2016-06-antarctic-sponge-deadly-mrsa-infection.html Darwinolide - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00979?src=recsys Horseshoe crabs “over 300 million years old” - https://www.nwf.org/Wildlife/Wildlife-Library/Invertebrates/Horseshoe-Crab.aspx 3-15% die, based on interviews with biologists - http://www.radiolab.org/story/213797-krulwich-wonders-what-vampire-said-horseshoe-crab-your-blood-blue/ Evolutionary info on horseshoe crabs - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/pr1002033 The original 1956 paper by Frederick Bang that got everything going - https://web.archive.org/web/20090719101429/http://www.mbl.edu:80/marine_org/images/animals/Limulus/Bang/index.html How Blue Blood coagulates around endotoxins - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3756735/ Crab Bleeding - http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/health/a26038/the-blood-of-the-crab/ LAL v TAL http://bio.lonza.com/uploads/tx_mwaxmarketingmaterial/Lonza_AppNotesTossSheets_FDA_and_USP_can_help_promote_horseshoe_crab_conservation.pdf Hemocyanin - http://www.jbc.org/content/276/19/15563.full Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 33 - 7 Wine Facts & Myths

1 août 2017

Reactions is calling out wine snobs today with some fact vs fiction chemistry and science. We all know at least one wine snob who goes through all sorts of rituals that they swear will bring out the best flavor, like swirling the glass and decanting the bottle before drinking. But is there any merit to these claims? We talked to expert wine researchers and sommeliers to get the truth. 0:31 - The Shape of the Glass Affects the Taste 1:40 - Swirling Your Glass and Slurping Enhances Flavors 2:31 - All Those Flavor Notes Are in Your Wine 3:02 - You Need to Let Your Wine Breathe 4:37 - Expensive Bottles Are Better Than Cheap Wines 5:20 - Serve Reds at Room Temperature and Whites Cold 6:18 - Serve Red Wines with Meat, Whites with Fish Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Sam Lemonick Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Susan Ebeler, Ph.D. Hildegarde Heyman, Ph.D. Many Oser, Sommelier Robert McGorrin, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Videography: Sean Parsons Autumn Moran Music: Roberto Daglio - Com Todo Meu Amor Mdeman -Cadillac Candy Specials thanks: Whitney Beaman Justine Vanden Heuvel Pilar McKay Azari Vineyards Sources: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10408390802248585?src=recsys http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf102072w http://www.nytimes.com/1999/11/03/dining/wine-talk-no-breathing-required.html http://www.totalwine.com/wine-guide/decanting-wine http://www.decanter.com/learn/advice/let-wine-breathe-ask-decanter-363531/ http://www.timgaiser.com/blog/decanting-a-primer https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/wine-snobs-are-right-glass-shape-does-affect-flavor/ http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2015/AN/c4an02390k#!divAbstract http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/food-and-drink/features/size-really-matters-why-matching-the-wine-glass-to-the-grape-is-crucial-1932675.html https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=93W7VzWOwlM&t=296s Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 34 - Why Do Superhydrophobic Materials Never Get Wet?

8 août 2017

This week Reactions is taking at look at the chemistry behind superhydrophobic substances. Watch as the Reactions team uses a high-speed camera and some brave volunteers to bring the science of staying dry to life. For more water-repelling chemistry, check out this great graphic from our friends at C&EN and Compound Interest: http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i15/Periodic-graphics-Water-repelling-chemistry.html Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Narrator/fact checker: Kyle Nackers Co-host: Mallory Hinks, Ph.D. Co-writer: Sophia Cai Producer: Sean Parsons Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Neelesh Patankar, Ph.D. Robin Ras, Ph.D. Scientific consultant/co-writer: Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. References: http://phenomena.nationalgeographic.com/2013/07/30/these-microscopic-balls-protect-insects-from-their-own-waste/ http://cen.acs.org/articles/92/web/2014/07/Durable-Stretchable-Coating-Repels-Water.html http://cen.acs.org/articles/90/i11/SprayParticles-Waterproof-Paper.html http://cen.acs.org/articles/90/web/2012/06/Lotus-Leaves-Mussels-Inspire-Method.html http://cen.acs.org/articles/84/i24/Raincoats.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superhydrophobic_coating http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1021/acsami.5b09784 http://phys.org/news/2015-12-superhydrophobic-coating-price.html http://www.spillcontainment.com/products/ever-dry/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BvTkefJHfC0 http://www.hydrobead.com/ http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1021/nl050861b https://nice.asu.edu/nano/super-hydrophobic-coating http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/hydrophobic-and-superhydrophobic-coatings-technologies-and-global-markets-300248266.html http://www.sandia.gov/research/research_development_100_awards/_assets/documents/2008_winners/Superhydrophobic_SAND2008-2215W.pdf http://file.scirp.org/pdf/JSEMAT20120200001_83555761.pdf https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IPM8OR6W6WE https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=9&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjKoJ2PxKDOAhUBrB4KHQC6CnsQFghIMAg&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springer.com%2Fcda%2Fcontent%2Fdocument%2Fcda_downloaddocument%2F9783642342424-c1.pdf%3FSGWID%3D0-0-45-1368817-p174704744&usg=AFQjCNF04rNqIdcpPs7RoWv0mKhdak0stQ&sig2=e7KfptIgALh6ikYmj6TwEg&bvm=bv.128617741,d.dmo http://www.azom.com/news.aspx?newsID=46127&hootPostID=7f07bf611a8d058b87fcf710a1a81e51 http://www.upi.com/Odd_News/2015/03/26/Seattle-artists-create-rain-powered-sidewalk-paintings/3061427386847/ http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i15/Periodic-graphics-Water-repelling-chemistry.html http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i11/Wrinkling-Teflon-creates-superhydrophobic-surface.html Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 35 - The Smell of Durian Explained (ft. BrainCraft, Joe Hanson, Physics Girl & PBS Space Time)

15 août 2017

Reactions is exploring the science and chemistry of the King of Fruits today. Durian is banned from many public spaces in Southeast Asia due to its powerful odor. This week’s Reactions video explains the unique chemistry behind durian, and catches our co-hosts at PBS Digital Studios reacting to this stinky delicacy as they try it for the first time. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Sam Lemonick Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Martin Steinhaus, Ph.D. Casey Trimmer, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Alison Le Music: Sam Leopard - To the Point STRIKE IT UP ! 84's style version by Alandra "Lightflower" Jones Special thanks to: Vanessa Hill - https://www.youtube.com/user/braincraftvideo Joe Hanson - https://www.youtube.com/user/itsokaytobesmart Dianna Cowern - https://www.youtube.com/user/physicswoman Matt O'Dowd - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7_gcs09iThXybpVgjHZ_7g Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3342754/ http://www.pnas.org/content/109/9/3492.long http://bg.unam.bilkent.edu.tr/jc/topics/Cellular%20and%20Molecular%20Logic%20of%20Smell/papers/olfactory%20receptors.pdf http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jacs.6b06983 http://pubs.acs.org/stoken/presspac/presspac/full/10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05299 http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf303881k http://people.wku.edu/charles.smith/wallace/S027.htm Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 36 - What Do Astronauts Do With Pee in Space?

22 août 2017

This week Reactions is taking the science and chemistry to Mars! Today we're looking at a brilliant new potential use for pee in space, and URINE for a surprise, it flows a bit farther than drinking water! Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writer: Alexa Billow Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Mark A. Blenner, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers SOURCES: article on the pee story: http://www.popularmechanics.com/space/a17007/nasa-waste-yeast/ http://www.chron.com/news/nation-world/space/article/NASA-funds-research-to-recycled-human-waste-for-6455591.php challenges associated with a trip to mars: https://www.space.com/11417-mars-missions-space-travel-challenges.html https://www.wired.com/2016/02/space-is-cold-vast-and-deadly-humans-will-explore-it-anyway/ using urine to grow plants in space: https://www.livescience.com/58254-growing-tomatoes-in-urine-for-mars-missions.html plants in deep space and on mars: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-plant-researchers-explore-question-of-deep-space-food-crops NASA video on Veggies https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y9aR2-7sOjg background on the nitrogen cycle//why we need all this stuff additive manufacturing on station https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/2198.html Getting thirsty in space: http://mentalfloss.com/article/67854/how-do-astronauts-get-drinking-water-iss https://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/aug/26/us-astronauts-recycled-urine-international-space-station about the engineer behind pee recycling systems: http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20150527-solving-a-space-stations-toilet-shaped-problem more recently installed system: https://www.space.com/34688-recycled-astronaut-pee-boosts-deep-space-travel.html Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 37 - What Makes Rubber Rubbery?

5 septembre 2017

Reactions is looking at sports science today. Sports balls owe their reliability to an unusual polymer. Learn about the chemistry of rubber the all-star’s best friend just in time for NFL football to kick off! Check out more slo-mo footage from Florian Knorn here: https://www.youtube.com/user/elfloz/videos Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Alexa Billow Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Nilesh Shah, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Music: Robert Dagilo - Mr. Fantastic Sam Leopard - Cool Ivy Sam Leopard - The Gold Melody Sources: 1: http://gizmodo.com/were-footballs-ever-really-made-of-pigskin-1513061556 2: https://books.google.com/books?id=ARFEAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA74&lpg=PA74&dq=polysulfide+rocket+fuel&source=bl&ots=g0yTWrxwfK&sig=mqy9lxSIeQ8Q7AOBTdEruhkHV0k&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi63fvctJjVAhWCZj4KHaJeDggQ6AEIQjAF#v=onepage&q=polysulfide%20rocket%20fuel&f=false 3: https://www.britannica.com/science/rubber-chemical-compound here’s an ACS pubs ref citing that plant as a source, if we want something peer reviewed http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/ma1004869 4: http://latexallergyresources.org/cross-reactive-food 5: https://www.britannica.com/technology/vulcanization 6: http://indianapublicmedia.org/amomentofscience/superballs/ 7: https://connecticuthistory.org/charles-goodyear-and-the-vulcanization-of-rubber/ another Goodyear biography (written in 1939) http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ie50358a003 8: http://nvaughn.weebly.com/vulcanized-rubber.html 9: http://www.andersondevelopment.com/pdf/urethane-101.pdf Thiokol as rocket fuel http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/cen-v035n043.p024 10: http://www.bbc.com/sport/american-football/30960969 11: http://www.iisrp.com/webpolymers/01finalpolybutadienever2.pdf 12: http://www.espn.com/nba/playoffs/2015/story/_/id/13030284/nba-playoffs-game-ball-road-nba-finals 13: https://pubs.acs.org/cen/whatstuff/stuff/7713scit3.html 14: http://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/a-brief-history-of-the-baseball-3685086/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 38 - What Makes Smartphones Explode?

12 septembre 2017

This week Reactions is all about cellphone chemistry. We're covering the science on why batteries explode, and we're going to take a look at the lithium ion battery of the future! Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Writer/Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Danielle Buckley, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers SOURCES Alternative strategy for a safe rechargeable battery - http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2017/EE/C6EE02888H#!divAbstract Making batteries fire resistant with solid electrolytes - http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i45/Making-batteries-fire-resistant-solid.html Infographic on battery fires by our comrade CC – http://www.compoundchem.com/2016/11/14/li-batteries-cen/ http://www.compoundchem.com/2016/11/14/li-batteries-cen/http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i45/Periodic-graphics-Li-ion-batteries.html Advances in Lithium Ion Batteries - https://books.google.com.hk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=LxwRBwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA2&dq=chemistry+of+lithium+ion+batteries&ots=iPd7K7okvp&sig=DIPOeUbgwPSBFI6N9GAkBWdpH3E&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=chemistry%20of%20lithium%20ion%20batteries&f=false Why Do Batteries Explode - https://www.geek.com/geek-pick/why-batteries-explode-1538916/ Thermal runaway caused fire and explosion of lithium ion battery - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775312003989 NOTE: dimethyl carbonate is not the only type of electrolyte used - see the “Advances in Lithium Ion Batteries” above. Dimethyl Carbonate Electrolytes- http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1388248102004071 Dimethyl Carbonate flashpoint - http://jes.ecsdl.org/content/162/2/A3084.full How Batteries Work - http://www.qrg.northwestern.edu/projects/vss/docs/power/2-how-do-batteries-work.html How batteries work - http://www.richannel.org/how-do-batteries-work Reduction potentials (Li is the best cathode) http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Tables/electpot.html Understanding lithium ion batteries - http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/archive/understanding_lithium_ion http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/lithium_based_batteries Safety of electrolytes in batteries - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=P.+Ribière%2C+S.+Grugeon%2C+M.+Morcrette%2C+S.+Boyanov%2C+S.+Laruelle+and+G.+Marlair Understanding Thermal Runaway - http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2013/ra/c3ra45748f John Goodenough is on it! - http://fortune.com/2017/03/05/lithium-ion-battery-goodenough/ FAA Banned - https://www.faa.gov/airports/airport_safety/certalerts/media/part-139-cert-alert-16-08-samsung-galaxy-note-7-ban.pdf NTSB cargo alert https://www.ntsb.gov/news/press-releases/Pages/PR20160209.aspx Examples of lithium ion catastrophes – Laptops -https://www.geek.com/chips/dell-mini-9-battery-melts-burns-floor-1030631/ Cellphone - http://www.techradar.com/news/samsung-galaxy-note-7-battery-fires-heres-why-they-exploded Airplanes banned them - http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-31709198 Sansung Galaxy factory fire - http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2017/02/09/samsung-factory-made-note-7-batteries-catches-fire/ Cell - http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2359281/Exploding-Samsung-Galaxy-phone-leaves-teenager-degree-burns-smelling-like-burnt-pig.html Samsung Note 7 to be refurbished - http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/talkingtech/2017/03/27/samsung-sell-refurbished-galaxy-note-7s-outside-us/99695040/ Why Li-ion batteries keep exploding (WIRED) - http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/talkingtech/2017/03/27/samsung-sell-refurbished-galaxy-note-7s-outside-us/99695040/ How batteries work (MIT Ask) - http://engineering.mit.edu/ask/how-does-battery-work How electrolytes influence battery safety (2012) - https://www.electrochem.org/dl/interface/sum/sum12/sum12_p045_049.pdf Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 41 - 3 Egg-cellently Weird Science Experiments

10 octobre 2017

This week Reactions is walking you through the chemistry behind protein denaturing, making an egg bounce, and creating your own green eggs (minus the ham--that's all on you). 0:24 - "Cook" an Egg without Heat 1:53 - Make an Egg Bounce 2:48 - Green Eggs and Ham Today we're coming at you with three kitchen egg demos that will bounce, denature, and colorize you into total chemical bewilderment! Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Writer: Alexa Billow Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Matt Hartings, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers SOURCES http://extension.psu.edu/animals/poultry/topics/general-educational-material/the-egg/the-parts-of-the-egg http://www.scienceofcooking.com/eggs/anatomy_chicken_egg.htm https://www.exploratorium.edu/snacks/naked-egg https://www.stevespanglerscience.com/lab/experiments/naked-egg-experiment/ https://www.thoughtco.com/cook-an-egg-with-alcohol-607469 https://www.thoughtco.com/fried-green-egg-food-science-project-605969 https://www.homesciencetools.com/a/green-eggs-and-ham http://www.aeb.org/food-manufacturers/eggs-product-overview/functional-properties/39-functional-properties/219-ph-stability http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ed3007346 http://kitchenscience.sci-toys.com/protein https://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/mar/29/how-does-chick-breathe-in-egg-allantois proteins chemistry weird strange Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 42 - How Does Chemotherapy Treat Breast Cancer?

17 octobre 2017

This week Reactions takes a look at the chemistry and science of how chemotherapy and other cancer treatments work concerning breast cancer. Breast cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. Fortunately, the rate at which we’re learning about this disease means patients have a lot more treatment options and far better chances of survival than they did 100 years ago. In observance of Breast Cancer Awareness Month, Reactions describes what’s changed about how we treat breast cancer and what patients can expect in the future. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Alexa Billow Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Ana I. Tergas, M.D., M.P.H. Brian Blagg, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Music: Modern Medicine Genome Project Sources: http://assets.cambridge.org/97805214/96322/excerpt/9780521496322_excerpt.pdf http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tbj.12361/epdf?referrer_access_token=Qim8QlMtylSezEnAWvACU4ta6bR2k8jH0KrdpFOxC679BJkuV0KUyY2z1fB8RheA8BvhWW6l4HLasvk0WP771oFVmadcHCEmjPgqZHuzb773FsVHi6gllAlo3ESMEoharf5wv9x1rj1ZwaaSbOkEacZbZuoL0xxQYXs5gWMv3LkrjC6RmnWKhpeZKYMNfT25_vZwsrJDGfuSADXDenMocA%3D%3D https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/treatment/surgery-for-breast-cancer.html https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/treatment/radiation-for-breast-cancer.html https://www.livescience.com/36394-radiation-treatments-cancer-work.html https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/bcr424 https://web.archive.org/web/20070619012859/http://www.fda.gov/cder/news/tamoxifen/ http://www.chemocare.com/chemotherapy/drug-info/Tamoxifen.aspx http://ascopubs.org/doi/full/10.1200/jco.2014.55.4139 http://ascopubs.org/doi/full/10.1200/jco.2014.55.4139 http://chemocare.com/chemotherapy/drug-info/Trastuzumab.aspx https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5327815/ https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/basic_info/treatment.htm https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5327815/ http://ascopubs.org/doi/full/10.1200/jco.2014.55.4139 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28799073 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5541087/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5391398/ http://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/breast-cancer-treatment Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 43 - How Do We Know How Old the Earth Is?

23 octobre 2017

Head to www.acs.org/ncw30years to find out more about National Chemistry Week! This week Reactions wonders how do we know how old the earth is? What's its age? Chemistry and science is how we know. Since there’s no “established in” plaque stuck in a cliff somewhere, geologists deduced the age of the Earth thanks to a handful of radioactive elements. With radiometric dating, scientists can put an age on really old rocks — and even good old Mother Earth. For the 30th anniversary of National Chemistry Week, this edition of Reactions describes how scientists date rocks. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Writer: Sam Lemonick Producer: Sean Parsons Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Narrator: Kyle Nackers Co-Writer/Scientific consultant: Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Scientific consultant: Pieter Vermeesch, Ph.D. References: http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2001.190.01.14 http://apps.usd.edu/esci/creation/age/content/current_scientific_clocks/lead_isotopes.html https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-science-figured-out-the-age-of-the-earth/ https://geomaps.wr.usgs.gov/parks/gtime/ageofearth.html#age http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/lectures/age_of_the_earth/age_of_the_earth.html http://www.geosociety.org/gsatoday/archive/12/3/pdf/i1052-5173-12-3-16.pdf https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2017/03/06/dear-science-how-do-we-know-how-old-the-earth-is/ https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/geotime/age.html Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 44 - The Chemistry of Hollywood Fake Blood

27 octobre 2017

Reactions loves Halloween so this year we’re giving you a historical, chemistry, rundown of fake blood, plus tips on how to make your own! Check out the science here. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Writer/Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: Rich Hartel, Ph.D. Fact Checkers: Kyle Nackers Alexa Billow HORROR FLICK CLIPS FROM: The Curse of Frankenstein, Terrence Fisher, 1957 Psycho, Alfred Hitchcock, 1960 Blood Feast, Herschell Gordon Lewis, 1962 Color Me Blood Red, Herschell Gordon Lewis, 1965 Night of the Living Dead, George Romero, 1968 The Exorcist, William Freidkin, 1973 Carrie, Brian De Palma, 1976 Night of the Living Dead, George Romero, 1968 The Shining, Stanley Kubrick, 1980 The Evil Dead, Sam Raimi, 1981 A Nightmare On Elm Street, Wes Craven, 1984 The Evil Dead II, Sam Raimi, 1987 Ghostbusters II, Ivan Reitman, 1989 The Babadook, Jennifer Kent, 2014 IT, Andrés Muschietti, 2017 SOURCES Chemistry of Hemoglobin - http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/1biochem/blood3.html Compound chemistry 0n blood - http://www.compoundchem.com/2015/10/29/blood/ Grand Guinol Fake Blood/Methyl Cellulose - http://www.grandguignol.com/callboard1996.htm Grand Guinol historical fake gore - http://www.props.eric-hart.com/features/the-gore-of-grand-guignol/ Carmine - http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-JSTW200602005.htm Carmine in your food -https://www.livescience.com/36292-red-food-dye-bugs-cochineal-carmine.html Glycerol - https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/glycerol#section=Top Glycerol - https://www.chemistryworld.com/podcasts/glycerol/7682.article Methyl Cellulose Slime – Special Effects: New Histories, Theories, & Context; Chaptor 1: Ectoplasm and Oil Methyl Cellulose info from Dow - http://msdssearch.dow.com/PublishedLiteratureDOWCOM/dh_096d/0901b8038096d9ff.pdf?filepath=/pdfs/noreg/192-01062.pdf&fromPage=GetDoc The Motion Picture Production Code of 1930 - http://www.colorado.edu/AmStudies/lewis/film/productcode.pdf Hitchcock Sneaks Past the MPPC with Psycho - https://the.hitchcock.zone/wiki/Production_Code_Administration Hitchcock used Bosco – Masters of Deception, PG 200. Bosco used in Night of Living Dead – Night of the Living Dead, PG. 11. Corn Syrup - http://chemistry.elmhurst.edu/vchembook/548HFsyrup.html Hammer’s Entry into Horror with The Curse of Frankenstein - The Routledge Companion to British Media History, PG. 419. Hammer Horror - https://books.google.fr/books?id=nUC8AAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=hammer+horror+films&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjkkeuI_KbVAhXCrxoKHZ-NCqwQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=hammer%20horror%20films&f=false Herschell Gordon Lewis’ Custom Red Blood from Barfred Laboratories – The Godfather of Gore, PG. 39 Composition of Koapectate - https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/DrugSafety/MedicationErrors/ucm080666.pdf Scientific America Article on DIY blood - https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/fake-blood-made-scientific/ Dick Smith - https://filmmakeriq.com/lessons/dick-smith-hollywood-blood/ Methylparaben effect on Sugars - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12115834 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 46 - How Does Glassblowing Work?

21 novembre 2017

Check out McFadden's Art Glass: http://mcfaddenartglass.com/ Reactions took a trip to McFadden Art Glass to learn about the chemistry of glassblowing. If you’ve ever tapped a screen to send a tweet, opted for the bottled soda because it tastes better, or drooled over art glass in a gallery, then your life has been changed for the better by the transparent yet durable combination of sand and simple chemicals we call glass. We visited McFadden Art Glass in Baltimore, Maryland, to learn about the chemistry of this ancient material. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Alexa Billow Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultants: John C. Mauro, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Music: Sam Leopard - To the Point Sam Leopard - You Are My Vidence Sources: https://www.britannica.com/technology/glass https://www.britannica.com/technology/glassblowing http://www.compoundchem.com/2015/03/03/coloured-glass/ http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/arts/artwork/glassblowing1.htm http://www1.udel.edu/chem/GlassShop/PhysicalProperties.htm https://www.corning.com/gorillaglass/worldwide/en/technology/how-it-s-made.html https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/resources/highschool/chemmatters/past-issues/archive-2014-2015/smartphones.html http://www.compoundchem.com/2014/03/05/colours-of-transition-metal-ions-in-aqueous-solution/ http://www.compoundchem.com/2015/03/03/coloured-glass/ http://www.lampworketc.com/forums/archive/index.php/t-37054.html https://www.one-tab.com/page/3uhYkfwTRZqZHYAIzQyVyg http://americanhistory.si.edu/science-under-glass/scientific-glassblowing http://franklin.chem.colostate.edu/glassguy/oxygen.html http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359028607000356 https://www.cmog.org/research/glass-dictionary Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 49 - Why Do Some People Hate Cilantro?

12 décembre 2017

This week Reactions uncovers the chemistry behind why some people hate cilantro. It's is one of the most polarizing herbs the planet. Consider it the Benedict Cumberbatch of taco toppings. But what is it about this little plant that stokes such intense vitriol from some people, while the rest of us can't get enough? The answer's in the science folks! Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Writer/Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Executive Producer: Adam Dylewski Scientific consultant: Casey Trimmer Fact Checker: Kyle Nackers Music: Sam Leopard - To The Point SOURCES: Compound Chem - http://www.compoundchem.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Chemistry-of-Coriander.png Botanical Info on Cilantro - http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=275984 More info - https://www.wifss.ucdavis.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Cilantro_PDF.pdf Essential Oil Composition of Cilantro - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf950814c Characteristic Aroma Components of the Cilantro Mimics - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/bk-2005-0908.ch008 More Characticeristic Aroma Compounds - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jssc.200500012/full Volatiles from Aromatic Plants - www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/5/2/41/pdf Composition of Coriander Leaf Volatiles - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/jf00101a011 Genetic Variant near Olfactory receptor Influence cilantro Preference - https://flavourjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/2044-7248-1-22 Genese and cilantro hating https://flavourjournal.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/2044-7248-1-22?site=flavourjournal.biomedcentral.com Soapy Taste of Cilantro - https://www.nature.com/news/soapy-taste-of-coriander-linked-to-genetic-variants-1.11398#/b5 Aroma Characterization of Coriander - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00217-006-0425-7 Differences of Cilantro Disliking in Different Cultures - https://flavourjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/2044-7248-1-8 Chromosome 11 https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/chromosome/11# Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 2 - The Only Video You'll Ever Need to Watch About Gluten

16 janvier 2018

Is gluten good, is gluten bad? Reactions breaks down the chemistry and science behind the controversial ingredient. Make Your Own Bread: https://www.tasteofhome.com/recipes/swirled-cinnamon-raisin-bread Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific consultants: Martin Hils, Ph.D. Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D. Kyle Nackers Music: Cadillac Candy Nylon Flares Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3292448/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1692935/pdf/11911770.pdf https://www.coeliac.org.uk/gluten-free-diet-and-lifestyle/gf-diet/oats/ https://blog.kingarthurflour.com/2013/07/26/the-gluten-free-conversion-conundrum/ https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/celiac-disease/definition-facts https://www.americastestkitchen.com/guides/gluten-free/gluten-free-flours-and-starches https://www.americastestkitchen.com/recipes/7854-americas-test-kitchen-all-purpose-gluten-free-flour-blend http://www.cureceliacdisease.org/faq/what-is-the-difference-between-gluten-intolerance-gluten-sensitivity-and-wheat-allergy/ http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jgh.13703/full https://www.grainscanada.gc.ca/fact-fait/gluten-eng.htm http://www.cookingscienceguy.com/pages/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Explaining-Gluten.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22237879 https://www.coeliac.org.uk/gluten-free-diet-and-lifestyle/gf-diet/oats/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 7 - Nose Blindness, Mouthwash, and Hand Sanitizer--Your Questions Answered

27 février 2018

How can your nose go blind to certain smells? Why don’t hand sanitizers dissolve your skin cells? What’s the science behind mouthwash? Shoutout to Pal Dali, Hojjat Abdollahi and The Last Targaryen for sending us these awesome chemistry questions. Got more questions? Drop ‘em in the comments and we might answer them in future episodes. Thanks for asking! 0:10 - How Do You Become Nose Blind? 1:01 - Why Doesn't Hand Sanitizer Dissolve Our Skin? 1:35 - Is Mouthwash Beneficial? Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: How Does Toothpaste Work and Who Are We? https://youtu.be/eVdeqlyVscE Why Do Onions Make You Cry? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaZpPwmWZ7Q Tricking the Nazis and Transforming Medicine: George de Hevesy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QjpKl4z5O2A How Do Hand Sanitizers Work? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=245jz3ZqZqM&t=121s Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Alexa Billow Music: Alandra Lightflower Jones - Strike It Up The Agutis - Pure Natural Wah Not Sources: https://www.thecut.com/2014/08/why-cant-you-smell-your-own-home.html https://academic.oup.com/chemse/article/25/4/473/342750 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3501690/ https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwi_qYCx45vYAhXB8YMKHcwEDTIQFggpMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdownloads.hindawi.com%2Fjournals%2Ftswj%2F2009%2F692092.pdf&usg=AOvVaw3gFQcwmjc5Sr-Af87jXYkN https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2596158/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26865/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3748664/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 8 - TV Forensics: What Do CSIs Actually Do?

6 mars 2018

We all love detective crime dramas and TV shows, like CSI Miami, Law and Order, Magnum P.I, True Detective and NCIS. But there’s tons of crucial evidence that gets examined thoroughly in order to crack the case. In this week’s episode of Reactions, we’ll show you a sneak peak at what really happens in forensics science lab. Also, tell us what your favorite Detective TV Show is and why in the comments. Thanks for watching! Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: How Does Anesthesia Work? https://youtu.be/1iVWSsIaXGw Chemistry and the Flint Water Crisis - Speaking of Chemistry https://youtu.be/k18vbGwPxz4 The Accidental Discovery of LSD https://youtu.be/L32mAiLXnLs The Scent of Death (and Why It's Important) — Speaking of Chemistry https://youtu.be/EffqGKU11qE Credits: Writer/Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Scientific Consultant: Raychelle Burks, Ph.D. Music: Alandra Lightflower Jones - Strike it up (84 style) Sources: http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ed083p690 http://www.jstor.org/stable/29762978?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents https://www.albany.edu/scj/jcjpc/vol15is1/Deutsch_Cavender.pdf http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ed083p690 https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19472202675 https://www.acs.org/content/dam/acsorg/events/popular-chemsitry/Slides/2011-03-17-csi-chemistry.pdf https://www.cengage.com/custom/enrichment_modules.bak/data/0759390851_Forensics_Chapter_watermark.pdf Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 9 - What Are Century Eggs?

13 mars 2018

These green and black preserved eggs don’t really look like food, but the chemistry of fermentation turns pidan, or century eggs, into a Chinese comfort food. In this week’s Reactions episode, we’re talking about the science of these unusual treats. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Can I Still Eat This?: https://youtu.be/LFKVKshX5tQ 3 Egg-cellently Weird Science Experiments: https://youtu.be/1aMzpbqSw9o Vertical Farming: https://youtu.be/rEw-VfFkUik Credits: Executive Producer: George Zaidan Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultant: Palanivel Ganesan, Ph.D. Music: Mako Yama - At Starry Night Roberto Daglio - Bisbossa Sources: Wang J and Fung DYC. (2008). Alkaline-fermented foods: a review with emphasis on pidan fermentation. Crit. Rev. Microbiol. 22(2):101-138. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/10408419609106457 http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20151208-the-rotten-egg-people-love-to-eat https://www.shine.cn/archive/feature/ideal/Preserved-eggs-appearances-can-be-misleading/shdaily.shtml http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2009/sm/b902575h http://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf980951k https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jspec/2014/253143/ https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jnsv/62/5/62_366/_pdf/-char/en http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1745-4514.2010.00475.x/abstract http://archive.unu.edu/unupress/food/8F032e/8F032E03.htm https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/unless-you-like-toxic-chemicals-skip-this-chinese-delicacy-696090/ http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-21929307 https://www.quora.com/How-does-excessive-basicity-denature-proteins https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tiangong_Kaiwu_Pulley_Wheel.jpg Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 10 - Cow Burps Are Warming the Planet

20 mars 2018

Learn more about CuriosityStream at https://curiositystream.com/reactions (CODE: reactions) Cows burp up a lot of methane thanks to the chemistry of their digestion. And since methane is a greenhouse gas, our beef and dairy have huge climate change consequences. This week on Reactions, we cover the gassy science of cow guts. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Vertical Farming https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rEw-VfFkUik Should You Pee on a Jellyfish Sting? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KDj2t4-bn1g Dragon’s Blood Could Save Your Life https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j8glywrQvbE The Smell of Durian Explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a0v0n6tKPLc Credits: Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Katie Dagon, Ph.D. OpenBiome Finch Therapeutics Music: Pure_Natural - Touch Me Sam leopard - back for more Sources: https://cbmjournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13021-017-0084-y https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221209631730027X#b0250 https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-bad-of-a-greenhouse-gas-is-methane/ http://www.ghgprotocol.org/sites/default/files/ghgp/Global-Warming-Potential-Values%20%28Feb%2016%202016%29_1.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5313486/ https://www.hindawi.com/journals/archaea/2010/945785/#B30 https://academic.oup.com/femsec/article/26/1/71/586924 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3370521/ https://www.wired.com/story/canada-is-using-genetics-to-make-cows-less-gassy/ http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-25922514 http://www.jwnenergy.com/article/2018/1/cow-power-coming-california/ http://bigthink.com/design-for-good/this-is-how-you-turn-cow-fart-gas-into-energy http://www.vet.ed.ac.uk/clive/cal/RUMENCAL/Frames/frmRumen.html https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22444607 http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/197623/icode/ http://www.fao.org/gleam/results/en/#c303617 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 12 - What's That After-Rain Smell Made Of?

3 avril 2018

There’s a sweet smell in the air after it rains, whether it’s a spring shower or a summer storm. This week on Reactions, we explain the chemistry of petrichor, the smell of rain. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Is It OK To Pee In The Pool? https://youtu.be/wHIsfVffWf0 The Leidenfrost Effect https://youtu.be/9tlIWlGvkRc Chemtrails https://youtu.be/ZonPvpgcBc0 How Sniffing Priceless Art and Artifacts Could Save Them — Speaking of Chemistry https://youtu.be/UYvaqwXANwg Why Do Superhydrophobic Materials Never Get Wet? https://youtu.be/YR4uCvy7wOA Credits Writer/Narrator: Alexa Billow Executive Producer: George Zaidan Producer: Sean Parsons Fact Checker: Kyle Nackers Alison Le Scientific Consultant: Youngsoo Joung, Ph.D. Cullen Buie, Ph.D. Music: "Wonders of Nature," By Olive Musique "Movements of the Spheres," By Big Score Audio Sources: https://theconversation.com/the-smell-of-rain-how-csiro-invented-a-new-word-39231 http://www.publish.csiro.au/CH/pdf/CH9650915 http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1009101.html https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0016703766900251 https://www.nature.com/articles/2071415a0 https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/what-makes-rain-smell-so-good-13806085/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1058374/pdf/applmicro00362-0105.pdf http://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:21097 https://academic.oup.com/chemse/article-abstract/17/1/23/268382?redirectedFrom=fulltext http://www.compoundchem.com/2014/05/14/thesmellofrain/ http://news.mit.edu/2015/rainfall-can-release-aerosols-0114 https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms7083?version=meter+at+null&module=meter-Links&pgtype=article&contentId=&mediaId=&referrer=&priority=true&action=click&contentCollection=meter-links-click Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 13 - Why Can’t You Buy Fresh Olives?

10 avril 2018

Olives are a strange food: a fruit that you can’t buy fresh, just swimming in salty brine. Why? They contain a bitter chemical called oleuropein. This week on Reactions, we’re talking about the science of how we can eat this unique stone fruit. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Why is Olive Oil Awesome? https://youtu.be/lg1Jy9kx1Kk Why Do Some People Hate Cilantro? https://youtu.be/HF7Ni347Gvg 7 Wine Facts & Myths https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qA9AQGPcOcQ&t=1s What Are Century Eggs? https://youtu.be/NL8kMj-GlLs Credits: Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultant: Dan Flynn and Michelle Boucher Ph. D. Music: Sam Leopard - Back for More.wav Sam Leopard - Je Trace Ma Route.wav Sources: https://anrcatalog.ucanr.edu/pdf/8267.pdf https://www.scienceworld.ca/how-do-you-make-olives-edible http://calolive.org/our-story/how-olives-are-made/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3002804/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4227229/ http://www.cooksinfo.com/raw-olives https://www.nationalgeographic.com/people-and-culture/food/the-plate/2016/07/olives--the-bitter-truth/ https://books.google.com/books?id=_Ov7DAAAQBAJ&pg=PT43&lpg=PT43&dq=lye+oxygen+olives&source=bl&ots=q7-LByxhNX&sig=YX0KfTCXev9LqA2tHdug5Lpu-3Y&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjdj5OnxdXZAhVMNd8KHeV0ACsQ6AEIiwEwCQ#v=onepage&q=lye%20oxygen%20olives&f=false https://www.oliveoilsource.com/asktheexpert/are-olives-dyed-make-them-black https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf3017699 https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.7b06025 https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf802967y http://calolive.org/our-story/olive-history/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 14 - Small Bottle, HUGE Fireball (How Flame Jetting Works)

17 avril 2018

Learn more about CuriosityStream at https://curiositystream.com/reactions (CODE: reactions) Pouring gasoline, alcohol, or other fuel over a flame can cause a ten-foot fireball to shoot out and engulf an unsuspecting victim. This week on Reactions, we’re explaining the science of flame jetting and why it happens. Also, if you’re a chemistry teacher: the ACS Committee on Chemical Safety issued a safety alert (see link below), which recommends that the Rainbow Demonstration (performed on an open bench using flammable solvents like methanol) be discontinued immediately. This demo presents an unacceptable risk of flash fires and deflagrations that can cause serious injuries to students and teachers. Alternative experiments (see link below) are available that demonstrate the same rainbow colors but don’t use flammable solvents on an open bench. Safety alert: https://www.acs.org/content/dam/acsorg/about/governance/committees/chemicalsafety/publications/ccs-chair-rainbow-demonstration-cen-comment.pdf Alternate demos: https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/chemical-safety/demonstrations-and-experiments.html Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Why You Shouldn't Pee on a Jellyfish Sting: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KDj2t4-bn1g How Does Alcohol Get You Drunk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1xVqwYxe4Gw Why This Town Has Been on Fire for 50 Years: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fsgqy5FYP2c Mind-Blowing Movie Explosions Explained: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3e839o4YGao Credits: Producer: Sean Parsons Writer: Alison Le/Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Adam St. John P.E., Scott Ayers P.E. We made this video as the ACS contribution to a collaboration by a number of groups committed to helping prevent flame jetting incidents: US Chemical Safety Board, National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), BEAR, Inc., Sterno Products, LLC, Office of Congressman Mike Thompson, ATF Fire Research Laboratory, Fairfax County Fire and Rescue Department, American Burn Association, Alisa Ann Ruch Burn Foundation, Lamplight Farms, Jensen Hughes, Battelle, Health Canada and the Portable Fuel Container Manufacturers Association (PFCMA). Sources: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3mSt8gBQjSg&feature=youtu.be https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tBOYcJ7FlmU https://www.atf.gov/arson/atf-fire-research-laboratory-gasoline-flame-jetting-videos https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FkOX91tRb04 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=98Vkl1YnNFs https://www.nfpa.org/News-and-Research/Publications/NFPA-Journal/2017/September-October-2017/Features/Flame-Jetting https://www.nfpa.org/News-and-Research/Publications/NFPA-Journal/2017/September-October-2017/Features/Flame-Jetting/Flame-Jetting-101 https://www.nfpa.org/Public-Education/By-topic/Safety-in-the-home/Gasoline-and-propane/Gasoline-at-home http://www.notyourturntoburn.com/flame-arresters/ https://bit.ly/2GRMzk7 https://www.abc2news.com/news/region/baltimore-county/atf-studies-fire-phenomenon-that-a-burned-baltimore-county-teenager https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FkOX91tRb04 https://www.aiche.org/ccps/resources/glossary/process-safety-glossary/upper-flammable-limit-ufl https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flammability_limit https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy10osti/47819.pdf https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy10osti/47819.pdf https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy10osti/47819.pdf https://www.astm.org/DATABASE.CART/WORKITEMS/WK58683.htm https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/TP.asp?id=468&tid=83 https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp72-c3.pdf https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxfaqs/tfacts72.pdf http://www.letamericaknow.com/resources/ATFReport.CanTest.pdf Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 15 - Burning Ice from the Ocean Floor

24 avril 2018

This ice burns because it’s actually methane trapped in water. This week on Reactions, we talk about the chemistry of methane hydrates as a source of energy and a climate change threat. Learn more about our Earth Day celebration! www.acs.org/ccew Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Cow Burps Are Warming the Planet https://youtu.be/MnRFUSGz_ZM How Does Salt Melt Ice? https://youtu.be/JkhWV2uaHaA How Do We Know How Old the Earth Is? https://youtu.be/7cFYPYaD4zQ How Do Snowflakes Form? https://youtu.be/-6zr2eLpduI Credits: Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Carolyn Ruppel, PhD (USGS). Ice structure provided by Martin Chaplin Music: Alandra Lightflower Jones - Strike it up (82 style) Sources: https://worldoceanreview.com/en/wor-1/ocean-chemistry/climate-change-and-methane-hydrates/ https://worldoceanreview.com/en/wor-3/methane-hydrate/formation/formation-of-methane-hydrate/?ivt=1#ivt-91 https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/methane-hydrates-and-contemporary-climate-change-24314790 https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3080/fs20173080.pdf https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3079/fs20173079.pdf https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_rQkTBC0Rzo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U46XOoU0DrM https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ja055283f http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2016RG000534/full https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/ef402445k https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b03143 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 16 - How Do Airbags Work?

1 mai 2018

Check to see if your car is part of the Takata airbag recall: https://www.nhtsa.gov/recalls If you’re in a car accident, you want to be sure your airbags protect you. And they work because of chemistry, with some physics thrown in. This week on Reactions, we’re talking the science of airbags. And remember: Airbags are meant to work in conjunction with seatbelts, so buckle up! [Pinned comment: In the aftermath of a crash, you might notice a puff of white powder and a funny smell. In older model cars, that’s cornstarch or talcum powder used to lubricate the bag itself, but in more recent vehicles, it’s the actual byproducts of the airbag reaction.] Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Small Bottle, HUGE Fireball (How Flame Jetting Works) https://youtu.be/5sfUl6GIdYo Chemtrails https://youtu.be/ZonPvpgcBc0 What Makes Smartphones Explode? https://youtu.be/pY-kzHn9kvo No, Your Microwave Isn't Dangerous - Food Myths #1 https://youtu.be/0yi6EzAK66s Credits: Producer: Sean Parsons Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Sources: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mWSlwhYyOhI http://www.chemistry.wustl.edu/~edudev/LabTutorials/CourseTutorials/bb/Airbags/151_T5_07_airbags.pdf https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-do-air-bags-work/ https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-airbags-1991232 http://web.bryant.edu/~ehu/h364proj/sprg_97/dirksen/airbags.html https://www.consumeraffairs.com/news04/2006/airbags/airbags_invented.html https://paleofuture.gizmodo.com/a-brief-history-of-air-bags-and-the-future-of-driverles-1634903213 https://www.nhtsa.gov/equipment/air-bags https://www.quora.com/Why-do-airbags-smell https://www.popsci.com/how-airbags-are-supposed-to-work#page-2 https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ed073p347?journalCode=jceda8 https://cecas.clemson.edu/cvel/auto/actuators/airbag.html Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 17 - Does Melatonin Do Anything?

8 mai 2018

Check out Hot Mess here: https://www.youtube.com/HotMessPBS Atlantic article: https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2017/04/food-as-medicine/521955/ Melatonin is a supplement that’s supposed to help you sleep. But does it work? What’s the chemistry of this sleep aid? This week on Reactions, we go into the chemistry of melatonin and the realities of supplements. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: How Smartphones Keep You Awake https://youtu.be/mnDfPpUC_jg Do Vitamin Supplements Really Work? https://youtu.be/9gQoG0AT3kY How to Stay Awake Without Caffeine https://youtu.be/SvEQBURrPow How Does Anesthesia Work? https://youtu.be/1iVWSsIaXGw Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Michael J. Sateia, M.D. and Michelle Boucher, Ph.D. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Fact Checkers: Kyle Nackers and Alison Le Music: Pure Natural - Touch Me Roberto Daglio - Com Todo Meu Amor Sources: https://www.consumerreports.org/vitamins-supplements/does-melatonin-really-help-you-sleep/ https://www.britannica.com/science/melatonin http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0063773 https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/html/10.1055/s-0035-1565083 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5263083/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4734149/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10883420 https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2016/06/supplements-make-tobacco-look-easy/488798/ https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2017/04/food-as-medicine/521955/ http://news.mit.edu/2001/melatonin-1017 https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article/86/10/4727/2849013 http://qualitymatters.usp.org/what-letters-usp-mean-label-your-medicine https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4445202/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 19 - Chameleons Are Masters of Nanotechnology

22 mai 2018

What do chameleons have to do with nanotechnology? These color-changing lizards are some of nature’s wackiest animals, all because they’re masters of pigment and light. This week on Reactions, learn all about the chemistry of chameleon color. Subscribe to America from Scratch! http://bit.ly/amscratch_sub Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Dragon's Blood Could Save Your Life https://youtu.be/j8glywrQvbE Why Is Snake Venom So Deadly? https://youtu.be/ZCWPnmQj6LE Why Do Leaves Change Color? https://youtu.be/X0nWmTeQPfo Cow Burps Are Warming the Planet https://youtu.be/MnRFUSGz_ZM Credits: Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writer: Kirk Zamieroski Scientific Consultants: Christopher Raxworthy, Ph.D. and Russel A. Ligon, Ph. D. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Fact Checker: Alison Le, Kyle Nackers Music: Pure Natural - Instant love Pure Natural - Touch me Sources: https://academic.oup.com/cz/article/62/3/237/2897749 https://academic.oup.com/biolinnean/article/76/1/91/2639735/Patterns-of-morphological-variation-and-correlates http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2006.00631.x/full http://jeb.biologists.org/content/216/6/1025.short http://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.0060025 http://compphys.bio.uci.edu/bennett/pubs/155.pdf https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/biological-reviews/article/cephalopod-chromatophores-neurobiology-and-natural-history/A19D918D7C72A386B2719E6A24FB2CA2 https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms7368 http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/cen-09404-scicon006 http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acsnano.5b07472 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XdQvtP8EKrM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjoN6o-5oJU Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 20 - The Ultimate Donut Battle: Cake vs. Yeast

29 mai 2018

There’s nothing weirder than biting into a cake donut when you’re expecting the texture of a yeast donut. It’s all fried dough, right? This week on Reactions, we talk about how chemistry makes these two foods so different. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Why New York Has the Best Bagels https://youtu.be/MrjLz207SzY The Only Video You'll Ever Need to Watch About Gluten https://youtu.be/-JVO62Vzhqc Why is Pizza So Good? https://youtu.be/tOkCgAwhh9U How to Cookie with Science https://youtu.be/3b4shT7EBZQ Better Pancakes Through Chemistry https://youtu.be/pMhrV9sRjqI Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, Ph. D. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Fact Checker: Alison Le Music: Mako Yama - At Starry Night Sam Leopard - Master of gold Pure natural - The Agutis Sources: https://www.chowhound.com/food-news/186165/what-is-the-difference-between-cake-donuts-and-yeast-donuts/ https://rvoshare.wordpress.com/2010/07/26/cake-and-yeast/ https://www.chowhound.com/recipes/basic-yeast-donuts-31248 https://www.bunsinmyoven.com/grandmas-best-donuts/ http://www.bluedotdonuts.com/menu-1/ https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3eab/d1e38cdaa8992e6d3693653081352a753ec0.pdf http://www.appeasingafoodgeek.com/in-appreciation-of-donuts/ https://food52.com/hotline/29682-adding-chocolate-to-yeast-dough https://www.thekitchn.com/baking-school-day-13-rich-yeast-breads-sweet-breads-222491 http://www.thefreshloaf.com/lessons/addingmore https://www.kingarthurflour.com/recipe/leaveners.html https://www.kingarthurflour.com/learn/yeast.html#yeast-works https://www.baking-sense.com/2017/03/29/baking-ingredients-chemical-leaveners/ https://www.bobsredmill.com/blog/healthy-living/baking-powder-vs-yeast-vs-baking-soda/ http://www.finecooking.com/article/the-science-of-baking-with-yeast-2 https://www.thoughtco.com/how-baking-soda-works-for-baking-607383 https://www.thoughtco.com/how-baking-powder-works-607382 http://theweek.com/articles/543959/everything-need-know-about-making-doughnuts Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 21 - How Seashells Are Made

5 juin 2018

Learn more about CuriosityStream at https://curiositystream.com/reactions (CODE: reactions) If you know that seashells are made of basically the same stuff as chalk, you might have wondered why chalk is crumbly but seashells are super tough. This week on Reactions, we explain: The secret’s in the biochemistry. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Burning Ice from the Ocean Floor https://youtu.be/ghQWICNY0aY Should You Pee on a Jellyfish Sting? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KDj2t4-bn1g&t=1s Is it OK to Pee in the Ocean? https://youtu.be/eqR2bLsdhs4 Credits: Producer: Sean Parsons Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Ingrid Weiss, PhD; Michelle Boucher, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Fact Checkers: Alison Le Music: “Samba Insobel” Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ “Hard Boiled” Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Sources: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/chem.200500980 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22202112 https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-are-seashells-created/# http://news.mit.edu/2015/why-seashell-mineral-forms-differently-in-seawater-0302 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kmpzDfrqliU http://www.elic.ucl.ac.be/textbook/chapter4_node11.xml https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092849310500353X https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/presentation/f540/11f40966e62998998f9eecca7ebf9a28f207.pdf http://epod.usra.edu/blog/2009/10/sidewalk-chalk-and-the-calcium-cycle.html http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2015/05/blackboard-chalk-isnt-chalk/ https://www.thoughtco.com/calcite-vs-aragonite-1440962 https://www.mindat.org/min-307.html https://www.mindat.org/min-859.html http://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/15B.html http://newscenter.lbl.gov/2008/11/25/mother-of-pearl-secret-revealed/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tIOSWAbUf74 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 22 - Are We Breathing Caesar's Last Breath

12 juin 2018

Submit your vote for America’s favorite novel! https://to.pbs.org/2Jes2X5 Are you breathing air molecules that were once exhaled by Caesar, Joan of Arc, or Madame Curie? And why did Albert Einstein try to break into the refrigerator business? We talked to writer Sam Kean, author of science books like Caesar’s Last Breath and The Disappearing Spoon. Check out Sam’s website! http://samkean.com/books/caesars-last-breath/ Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Cow Burps Are Warming the Planet https://youtu.be/MnRFUSGz_ZM How Can You See an Atom? https://youtu.be/ipzFnGRfsfE Why Does Garlic Make Your Breath Smell? https://youtu.be/cAWLQ_4DphI What Happens to Your Body When You Die? https://youtu.be/BpuTLnSr_20 Credits: Producer: Sean Parsons Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, Ph.D., Eugene Smith, Ph.D. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Fact Checkers: Alison Le Music: “Backbay Lounge” Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ “Cold Sober” Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Sources: http://www.hk-phy.org/articles/caesar/caesar_e.html https://futurism.com/estimating-how-many-molecules-you-breathe-that-were-from-julius-caesars-last-breath/ https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5280420 https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/PsEppdvgRisz5xAHG/fermi-estimates https://what-if.xkcd.com/84/ https://archive.usgs.gov/archive/sites/www.usgs.gov/newsroom/article.asp-ID=3078.html https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/acid-rain/ https://www.wired.com/story/einsteins-little-known-passion-project-a-refrigerator/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 24 - Surströmming: The Secrets of this Stinky Swedish Fish

26 juin 2018

Surstromming, Swedish for sour herring, is legendary for its powerful stink. But it's all a result of the chemistry of preserving food. This week on Reactions, we learn about the world's smelliest food with help from the people who know it best. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: What Are Century Eggs? https://youtu.be/NL8kMj-GlLs The Smell of Durian Explained (ft. BrainCraft, Joe Hanson, Physics Girl & PBS Space Time) https://youtu.be/a0v0n6tKPLc The Delicious Chemistry of Sushi https://youtu.be/6F_OWtoTTrA You Can Taste Garlic with Your Feet!? https://youtu.be/qiM3kZWPZtA Credits: Producer: Sean Parsons Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD; Robert McGorrin, Ph.D. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Fact Checkers: Alison Le Music: Smidi - Easy Listening LANCARTIS - Disco-Funk Classic Version Alandra Lightflower Jones - Strike it up Sources: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168160599001725 https://www.thelocal.se/20170816/surstrmming-what-you-need-to-know-before-trying-swedens-fermented-herring https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/01/31/382899024/surstr-mming-revisited-eating-swedens-famously-stinky-fish https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352618115000050 http://thescipub.com/abstract/10.3844/ajassp.2010.859.877 https://agricultureandfoodsecurity.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40066-017-0130-8?site=agricultureandfoodsecurity.biomedcentral.com http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1003411.html http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1001661.html https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/consumer.html https://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=2054&artikel=5617364 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 26 - Why Does Stinky Cheese Stink?

10 juillet 2018

Some cheeses, like Epoisses, are so legendarily stinky they’re supposedly banned on public transit in France. It’s the chemistry of washed-rind cheeses that makes them such a smelly food. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: How Milk Becomes Cheese https://youtu.be/uJEkb4Hq5jY Cow Burps Are Warming the Planet https://youtu.be/MnRFUSGz_ZM How to Make the Best Nacho Cheese https://youtu.be/uwBq7MMY_xI The Science of the Perfect Grilled Cheese Sandwich https://youtu.be/rttkpPFNkmY Credits: Producer: Sean Parsons Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD; Casey Cosetta Executive Producer: George Zaidan Fact Checker: Alison Le Music: "Shades of Spring" and "Backbay Lounge" By: Kevin MacLeod Sources: https://www.thecourtyarddairy.co.uk/blog/cheese-musings-and-tips/what-is-a-washed-rind-cheese-and-why-do-they-smell/ https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/what-stinky-cheese-tells-us-about-disgust-180965017/ https://food52.com/blog/19721-science-explains-why-stinky-cheese-tastes-so-good https://culturecheesemag.com/cheese-bites/cheeses-smell-bad-taste-good https://www.seriouseats.com/2014/03/a-brief-guide-the-best-stinky-cheeses.html https://www.wired.com/2014/07/cheese-rind-microbes/ https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(14)00745-4?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0092867414007454%3Fshowall%3Dtrue https://io9.gizmodo.com/the-extremely-gross-reason-why-limburger-cheese-attract-1678436752 https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140673605658138.pdf http://microbialfoods.org/beyond-b-linens-how-cheese-rinds-get-their-color/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC427857/ https://forums.egullet.org/topic/79103-epoisses-and-public-transportation/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5790873/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC525268/ http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-marc-de-bourgogne.htm http://www.compoundchem.com/2014/04/07/the-chemistry-of-body-odours-sweat-halitosis-flatulence-cheesy-feet/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954798 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1002050625344 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 27 - 3 Most Useful Kitchen Gadgets - Are They Worth It?

17 juillet 2018

Check out Nourish here: https://www.youtube.com/PBSNourish Do you really need a slow cooker, rice cooker, sous vide immersion circulator, and a pressure cooker all sitting around your kitchen taking up counter space? Depends how you intend to use them -- and on the chemistry of how food gets cooked. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Frying Your Way to Better Chicken https://youtu.be/Vjj2OJBOQ_0 What Are Century Eggs? https://youtu.be/NL8kMj-GlLs Chemistry Life Hacks: Food Edition https://youtu.be/aTspr-lG2nM The Chemistry of Grilling https://youtu.be/RqUEh-B-U-k Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD; Matt Hartings, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Fact Checker: Alison Le Music: Roberto Daglio - Bisbossa Roberto Daglio - Com Todo Meu Amor Mako Yama - At Starry Night Sources: https://scienceandfooducla.wordpress.com/2016/01/05/the-science-of-sous-vide/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878450X11000035 https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-science-of-sous-vide/ https://www.seriouseats.com/2016/01/first-thing-to-cook-with-sous-vide-immersion-circulator-essential-recipes.html https://www.popsci.com/kitchen-alchemy/article/2008-06/cooking-under-pressure https://www.thekitchn.com/a-primer-on-pressure-cooking-193715 http://modernistcuisine.com/2013/02/how-pressure-cookers-work/ https://www.finecooking.com/article/the-science-of-pressure-cookers# https://www.wired.com/2016/08/succulent-science-pressure-cooking/ https://www.thespruceeats.com/how-do-pressure-cookers-work-1328706 http://www.edinformatics.com/math_science/science_of_cooking/science_of_pressure_cooking.htm Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 28 - How Air Conditioning Works

24 juillet 2018

To beat the summer heat, we turn to air conditioning. But that sweet, cool relief isn’t magic: it’s the science of heat transfer and the chemistry of refrigerants. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Chemtrails https://youtu.be/ZonPvpgcBc0 What Makes Smartphones Explode? https://youtu.be/pY-kzHn9kvo How Do Airbags Work? https://youtu.be/Y2sjYOGSV7E Burning Ice from the Ocean Floor https://youtu.be/ghQWICNY0aY Credits: Producer: Sean Parsons Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD; Rick Wormsbecher, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Fact Checker: Alison Le Music: "Backbay Lounge," by Kevin MacLeod Sources: http://web.mit.edu/2.972/www/reports/compression_refrigeration_system/compression_refrigeration_system.html https://ws680.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=925237 http://www.ccacoalition.org/en/slcps/hydrofluorocarbons-hfc http://theconversation.com/explainer-hydrofluorocarbons-saved-the-ozone-layer-so-why-are-we-banning-them-86672 https://cen.acs.org/articles/93/i10/Climate-Friendly-Refrigerants.html https://cen.acs.org/articles/95/i33/Periodic-graphics-chemistry-air-conditioning.html https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-refrigerant-605606 http://www.explainthatstuff.com/airconditioner.html https://home.howstuffworks.com/ac1.htm https://home.howstuffworks.com/freon-utilized-in-air-conditioning.htm https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/mvac/refrigerant-transition-environmental-impacts_.html https://me-mechanicalengineering.com/refrigerant-and-desired-properties-of-a-refrigerant/ http://nptel.ac.in/courses/112106133/Module_6/12_Required_Properties_of_Idea_Refrigerants.pdf https://www.quora.com/How-does-the-low-specific-heat-of-vapour-work-in-refrigerants https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-freon-4072212 https://www.britannica.com/science/hydrofluorocarbon Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 29 - Yellowstone and Their Steaming Acid Pools of Death

1 août 2018

TAKE THE PBS DIGITAL SURVEY! https://to.pbs.org/2018YTSurvey Yellowstone National Park’s hot springs have incredible geochemistry thanks to being part of an actual volcano. But why are they so different, and why are some more dangerous than others? Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: How Much Water Can Kill You? https://youtu.be/TvcbIXvWl_k Why This Town Has Been On Fire For 50 Years https://youtu.be/fsgqy5FYP2c What's That After-Rain Smell Made Of? https://youtu.be/2txpbrjnLiY Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward, Sean Parsons Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultant: Jacob Lowenstern, Ph. D. Photos courtesy of Jacob Lowenstern, USGS Michelle Boucher, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Fact Checker: Alison Le Music: "Apero Hour," by Kevin MacLeod Sources: http://time.com/4574226/man-dissolved-yellowstone-park/ https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2016/11/17/man-who-dissolved-in-boiling-yellowstone-hot-spring-slipped-while-checking-temperature-to-take-bath/?utm_term=.021073b38092 https://www.menshealth.com/health/a19532321/man-dies-in-yellowstone-hot-spring/ https://www.yellowstonepark.com/things-to-do/cautionary-tale https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1316/pdf/OFR%2020041316.pdf https://www.nps.gov/hosp/learn/nature/upload/In-Hot-Water12_newJuly.pdf https://www.nps.gov/hosp/planyourvisit/faq_using_hotsprings.htm https://www.cpsc.gov/content/cpsc-warns-of-hot-tub-temperatures http://time.com/4575511/yellowstone-hot-spring-science/ https://www.livescience.com/18813-yellowstone-hot-water-source.html https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2011GC003835 https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/volcanoes/yellowstone/ https://www.chemistryworld.com/opinion/can-acid-dissolve-a-body/3007496.article https://rootsrated.com/stories/hot-springs-around-yellowstone-where-to-legally-take-dip Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 32 - Can You Take Expired Drugs?

21 août 2018

Every medicine you buy has an expiration date printed on it somewhere, but does it actually go bad? This week on Reactions, we explain the chemistry of drug expiration dates. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Does Melatonin Do Anything? https://youtu.be/qjUKsW93qRU Do Vitamin Supplements Really Work? https://youtu.be/9gQoG0AT3kY Does Cough Medicine Really Work? https://youtu.be/4TnJQYpKz0E How Does Tylenol Work? The truth Is--We Don't Know https://youtu.be/Kq7I-Rt2SnY Credits: Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Lee Cantrell, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Fact Checker: Alison Le Music: Robert Daglio - Mr. Fantastic Sources: https://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/11/science/do-some-drugs-become-dangerous-after-expiration.html https://www.dddmag.com/article/2012/10/testing-drug-stability-long-term-storage http://www.jocpr.com/articles/stability-study-of-tetracycline-drug-in-acidic-and-alkaline-solutions-by-colorimetric-method.pdf https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/07/18/537257884/that-drug-expiration-date-may-be-more-myth-than-fact https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-6196(15)00667-9/fulltext https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3516397-Expired-drugs-research-letter.html https://www.fda.gov/EmergencyPreparedness/Counterterrorism/MedicalCountermeasures/MCMLegalRegulatoryandPolicyFramework/ucm411446.htm https://www.fda.gov/Cosmetics/Labeling/ExpirationDating/default.htm https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/drug-expiration-dates-do-they-mean-anything https://thedoctorweighsin.com/some-thoughts-on-expiration-dates/ http://pharmacytechniciansletter.therapeuticresearch.com/pl/ArticlePDF.aspx?dd=260113 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 34 - How Does Double Acting Baking Powder... Doubly Act?

4 septembre 2018

Take the PBSDS Annual Survey! https://to.pbs.org/2018YTSurvey Why does baking powder say “double acting” on the container? Is that better than single acting? This week on Reactions, we explain -- with chemistry! Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: The Ultimate Donut Battle: Cake vs. Yeast: https://youtu.be/u68ZnxzWj5k How Milk Becomes Cheese: https://youtu.be/uJEkb4Hq5jY How to Make the Best Cheap Hot Cocoa Possible https://youtu.be/7M105LuTJvo How Seashells Are Made: https://youtu.be/iUeMxjkSPyM Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: George Zaidan Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Fact Checker: Alison Le Music: Backbay Lounge Sources: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ed064p710 https://ws680.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=50449 https://montrealgazette.com/technology/science/the-right-chemistry-why-might-baking-power-contain-aluminum-or-gmos https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Disodium_diphosphate#section=Top https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/24454#section=Synonyms https://www.amazon.com/365-Everyday-Value-Baking-Powder/dp/B074MGT98T/ref=zg_bs_16317381_2?_encoding=UTF8&psc=1&refRID=R5XV08FEQT3MN586DCTH https://www.amazon.com/Double-Acting-Aluminum-Baking-Powder/dp/B00N9TX628/ref=zg_bs_16317381_3?_encoding=UTF8&refRID=R5XV08FEQT3MN586DCTH&th=1 https://www.amazon.com/Rumford-Baking-Powder-Gluten-Aluminium/dp/B0094ENXU2/ref=zg_bs_16317381_6?_encoding=UTF8&psc=1&refRID=R5XV08FEQT3MN586DCTH https://www.amazon.com/Bobs-Red-Mill-Baking-Powder/dp/B000WGELMA/ref=zg_bs_16317381_9?_encoding=UTF8&psc=1&refRID=R5XV08FEQT3MN586DCTH Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 35 - What are Eye Boogers?

11 septembre 2018

Watch PBS Eons! https://www.youtube.com/eons Eye crusties, sleep, sand, eye boogers. What’s that stuff in the corner of your eyes when you wake up? This week, Reactions explains the chemistry of the film that protects your eyes. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Does Melatonin Do Anything? https://youtu.be/qjUKsW93qRU Why Do Onions Make You Cry? https://youtu.be/RaZpPwmWZ7Q How Smartphones Keep You Awake https://youtu.be/mnDfPpUC_jg How to Stay Awake Without Caffeine https://youtu.be/SvEQBURrPow Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: George Zaidan Scientific Consultants: Lance Forstot, MD; Michelle Boucher, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Fact Checker: Alison Le Music: Robert Daglio - Mr. Fantastic Sources: http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20150428-why-do-we-get-sleep-in-our-eyes https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC510991/pdf/brjopthal00431-0032.pdf http://mentalfloss.com/article/28114/what-are-eye-boogers-anyway https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3183971/ https://globenewswire.com/news-release/2015/07/29/755889/10143631/en/What-Are-Eye-Crusties-Made-Of-uBiome-Invites-Citizen-Scientists-to-Find-Out.html https://health.clevelandclinic.org/why-your-eyes-are-crusty-in-the-morning/ https://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/eye-discharge.htm https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28669846 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3109056/ http://teaching.pharmacy.umn.edu/courses/eyeAP/Eye_Anatomy/CoatsoftheEye/Glycocalyx.htm http://www.jbc.org/content/274/45/31751.long https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-microscopic-structures-of-dried-human-tears-180947766/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 36 - Can Silver Nanoparticles Combat Your Stink?

18 septembre 2018

Some clothing makers try to harness the antibacterial power of silver to combat the smell of sweat from your workouts -- now with added nanotechnology. This week on Reactions, we ask: does it work? Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: C&EN’s reporting on nanoparticles: https://cen.acs.org/articles/87/web/2009/10/Nanosilver-Wash.html https://cen.acs.org/articles/91/web/2013/07/Nanoparticles-Athletic-Apparel-Seep-Sweat.html https://cen.acs.org/articles/93/i13/EPA-Moves-Nanomaterials.html https://cen.acs.org/articles/93/i31/EPA-Sued-Over-Approval-Nanosilver.html https://cen.acs.org/articles/90/i30/Nanosilver-Zaps-Germs.html https://cen.acs.org/articles/86/i19/EPA-Urged-Act-Nanosilver.html https://cen.acs.org/articles/90/web/2012/08/Nanosilver-Tracked-Rats.html https://cen.acs.org/articles/89/i43/Shedding-Nanoparticles.html How Does Double Acting Baking Powder... Doubly Act? https://youtu.be/f16wezzHPzg How Do Deodorants and Antiperspirants Work? https://youtu.be/qBl0zRi69HQ Why Do Feet Smell? https://youtu.be/ir1wcFJGi4I Does Febreze Really Work? https://youtu.be/sNIIxzR-d_Q How Does Protein Build Muscle? https://youtu.be/L5-tKciXEG8 Credits: Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: James Hutchison, PhD; Rick Glover, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Fact Checker: Alison Le Music: Robert Daglio - Mr. Fantastic Sources: https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/presspacs/2016/acs-presspac-march-30-2016/the-impact-of-anti-odor-clothing-on-the-environment.html https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.5b06043 https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/acs-webinars/technology-innovation/green-nano.html http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2015/05/silver-turns-bacteria-deadly-zombies https://phys.org/news/2018-03-silver-nanoparticles-outand-threaten-human.html https://phys.org/news/2017-12-panning-silver-laundry-wastewater.html https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/silver-nanoparticles-in-clothing-pose-no-new-risk/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095965261200460X http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2015/tx/c4tx00110a/unauth#!divAbstract https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20702949 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 37 - What is Natto?

25 septembre 2018

It’s a much-loved, protein-packed Japanese food standby. It’s also made of slimy, stinky soybeans. By popular request, this week Reactions is all about the chemistry of natto. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Surströmming: The Secrets of this Stinky Swedish Fish https://youtu.be/U-Y8qqdjDAk What Are Century Eggs? https://youtu.be/NL8kMj-GlLs The Delicious Chemistry of Sushi https://youtu.be/6F_OWtoTTrA Better Pancakes Through Chemistry https://youtu.be/pMhrV9sRjqI The Smell of Durian Explained (ft. BrainCraft, Joe Hanson, Physics Girl & PBS Space Time) https://youtu.be/a0v0n6tKPLc Credits: Producer: Sean Parsons Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Ann Yonetani, PhD; Noriyuki Uemura; Michelle Boucher, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Fact Checker: Alison Le Music: "Style Funk" By Kevin MacLeod Sources: Bamforth CW and Ward RE (ed.) (2014). The Oxford handbook of food fermentations, pp. 584-585. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. https://www.seriouseats.com/2017/07/obsessed-ann-yonetani-natto-nyrture.html https://www.kikkoman.co.jp/kiifc/foodculture/pdf_03/e_007_010.pdf http://www.soyinfocenter.com/books/151/ https://books.google.com/books?id=kcikMWmnQm4C&pg=PA141#v=onepage&q&f=false http://www.meguminatto.com/about_natto.html https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf011718g https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02080520 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6043915/ https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf803072r https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12920130 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16907802 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 39 - Tardigrades

9 octobre 2018

It can survive drying out, extreme heat and cold, and even exposure to vacuum. The humble tardigrade can be found practically anywhere there’s enough water for it to live, and quite a few places there isn’t. This weird, ugly-cute little guy’s secret comes down to chemistry. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: How Seashells Are Made https://youtu.be/iUeMxjkSPyM Does Peeing on a Jellyfish Sting Make it Stop Hurting? https://youtu.be/KDj2t4-bn1g How Much Tea Would it Take to Turn the Boston Harbor into Tea? https://youtu.be/zME0L1HXqfM Yellowstone Steaming Acid Pools of Death https://youtu.be/OqP50563IDM Credits: Producer: Sean Parsons Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Thomas Boothby, PhD Michelle Boucher, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Fact Checker: Alison Le Music: "Apero Hour," by Kevin MacLeod Sources: https://www.newscientist.com/article/2124893-tardigrades-turn-into-glass-to-survive-complete-dehydration/ https://www.wired.com/2017/03/secret-crazy-tough-water-bear-finally-revealed/ https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/16/science/tardigrades-water-bears-dried-out.html https://www.cell.com/action/showPdf?pii=S1097-2765%2817%2930133-8 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2276334/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18070104 https://benthamopen.com/contents/pdf/TOZJ/TOZJ-3-1.pdf https://www.britannica.com/animal/tardigrade http://jeb.biologists.org/content/jexbio/213/7/vi.full.pdf http://www.biochemist.org/bio/03004/0018/030040018.pdf Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 40 - How Do You Catch Fruit Flies?

16 octobre 2018

You catch more flies with honey than with vinegar--or do you? This week on Reactions, we explain the chemistry behind why fruit flies love vinegar so much, some entomologists call them “vinegar flies.” Check out Storycast “Tacos of Texas,” here!: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCdzQ_ilHPH3rQtgzo4nKM_g PBS Digital Studios’ just launched a new show! Head over to the Storycast YouTube channel to check out “Tacos of Texas,” a new series that will explore the lone star state’s most iconic tacos. Join longtime friends and taco journalists Mando and Jarod as they explore the stories, food traditions, and communities that led to each cities’ unique take on tacos. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: What is Natto? https://youtu.be/a9a7LKle9AQ Why is Olive Oil Awesome?: https://youtu.be/lg1Jy9kx1Kk Did You Know Honey is Really Bee Puke? https://youtu.be/Hq0SBwkLvUo Zika, Mosquitoes and How to Not Get Bitten https://youtu.be/GBpheE7LrqE The Smell of Durian Explained (ft. BrainCraft, Joe Hanson, Physics Girl & PBS Space Time) https://youtu.be/a0v0n6tKPLc Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Thomas Merritt, PhD Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Fact Checker: Alison Le Music: Roberto_Daglio- Com Todo Me Amor ιittιε dΔrk oηε - Gypsy Swing Ting Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4562214/ https://www.cell.com/action/showPdf?pii=S0960-9822%2814%2901655-8 https://insightpest.com/case-study-how-to-get-rid-of-fruit-flies-which-trap-works-best/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3094154/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2516741/ https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/heres-how-you-can-get-rid-of-fruit-flies-and-why-scientists-are-so-fond-of-them/2017/08/18/c732a8ea-81e4-11e7-902a-2a9f2d808496_story.html?utm_term=.be9f1c8e5b90 http://www.sanjoaquinpestcontrol.com/blog/5-things-you-should-know-about-fruit-flies https://www.centerchem.com/Products/DownloadFile.aspx?FileID=6974 https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf0631732 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 41 - Do Astronauts Need Sunscreen?

23 octobre 2018

How do astronauts survive the deadly radiation of deep space? NASA is still figuring out how to protect astronauts from cosmic radiation -- like plastic shielding and magnetic deflectors. Learn more about National Chemistry Week here! https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/outreach/ncw.html Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: The Spacefaring Power of Pee https://youtu.be/w6x54zYuqXk What Are Isotopes? | Chemistry Basics https://youtu.be/GyviEsmrVp0 The World's Most Unavoidable Carcinogen https://youtu.be/7ZXvngquyT4 Nerding out on Star Wars Science https://youtu.be/3c8HrdyXEKk Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Joseph Nuth, PhD Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Fact Checker: Alison Le Music: Fanfare for Space," "Samba Isobel," and "The Curtain Rises," all by Kevin MacLeod Sources: https://www.quora.com/How-do-astronauts-protect-themselves-from-the-harmful-UV-rays-of-the-sun-in-space https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/real-martians-how-to-protect-astronauts-from-space-radiation-on-mars https://srag.jsc.nasa.gov/spaceradiation/how/how.cfm http://www.tp.umu.se/space/Proj_10/Daniel_H-10.pdf http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/crux/2017/05/31/sunscreen-chemicals-work-skin/ https://www.jsc.nasa.gov/news/factsheets/radiation.pdf https://www.nasa.gov/analogs/nsrl/why-space-radiation-matters http://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/sciences/osm/radiation.asp https://www.space.com/21353-space-radiation-mars-mission-threat.html https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/toolbox/emspectrum1.html https://www.britannica.com/technology/sievert https://www.nasa.gov/pdf/284273main_Radiation_HS_Mod1.pdf http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/next/space/nasa-mars-radiation-rule/ https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/radiationionizing/introtoionizing/ionizinghandout.html Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 43 - How is Leather Made?

13 novembre 2018

How does animal hide become leather? We still don’t fully understand the chemistry of tanning, but the basic steps are thousands of years old. In this week’s episode of Reactions, learn how leather is made. More PBS Digital Studios Goodness here! https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL1mtdjDVOoOqKjV9WNrIXRphDssM4gu0J Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Do Astronauts Need Sunscreen? https://youtu.be/MV5PGjWl2Yc Yellowstone Steaming Acid Pools of Death https://youtu.be/OqP50563IDM The World's Most Unavoidable Carcinogen https://youtu.be/7ZXvngquyT4 How Do Anti-Wrinkle Creams Work? https://youtu.be/2ueEEwg7bck Can Silver Nanoparticles Combat Your Stink? https://youtu.be/3UcnYMFTzFQ How Does Protein Build Muscle? https://youtu.be/L5-tKciXEG8 Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Richard Haverkamp, PhD Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: Roberto Daglio - Com Todo Meu Amor Mako Yama - At Starry Night Sources: https://www.britannica.com/technology/tanning http://www.leathermag.com/features/featurea-history-of-new-ideas-in-tanning/ http://www.fao.org/WAIRDOCS/LEAD/X6114E/x6114e05.htm#b1-3.1.%20Description%20of%20the%20tanningprocess https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/1997/cs/cs9972600111 http://www.aaqtic.org.ar/congresos/istanbul2006/Oral%20Presentations/Fundamental%20Aspects%20of%20Collagen/Nr%202%20-%20%20Link-Lock.%20the%20mechanism%20of%20stabilising%20collagen%20by%20chemical%20reactions.pdf https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-09610-scicon8 https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b00233 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652614011093 https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf506357j Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 45 - Why Does Humidity Feel Gross?

27 novembre 2018

Relative humidity, dew point, heat index... trying to figure out what to wear from all these buzzy weather words is enough to make you sweat! But fear not, today we're giving you a break down on how to use the local weather report to your advantage, and hopefully equip you with enough knowledge to avoid that annoying humidity fueled puddle of back sweat... Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Producer/Writer - Kirk Zamieroski Host: Alexa Billow Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Scientific consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Dan Billow, AMS Brianne Raccor, PhD Music: Roberto Daglio - Mr. Fantastic Sam Leopard - Je Trace Ma Route Sources: https://www.weather.gov/arx/why_dewpoint_vs_humidity https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rAgli8giur4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xNNSugTdpqo http://www.dpcalc.org/ https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2013/07/08/weather-weenies-prefer-dew-point-over-relative-humidity-and-you-should-too/?utm_term=.1f3a8ffa73ca http://web.gccaz.edu/~lnewman/gph111/topic_units/labs_all/water%20vapor%20capacity%20of%20air.pdf https://www.weather.gov/ama/heatindex https://themysteriousworld.com/cities-with-best-weather-year-round/ http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/explainer/2005/07/how_does_the_heat_index_work.html https://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/1520-0450(1979)018%3C0861:TAOSPI%3E2.0.CO;2 http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/weather/ct-wea-asktom-0827-20170825-column.html Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 47 - Is Santa's Flame Resistant Suit Killing Him?

11 décembre 2018

Flame-retardant chemicals can slow the spread of fire in homes and garments. But are these compounds naughty or nice? This week on Reactions, we ask whether old Saint Nick might want a flame-retardant suit...or choose to opt out. More PBS Digital Studios Goodness here! https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL1mtdjDVOoOqKjV9WNrIXRphDssM4gu0J Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: The Cold Truth About Fat https://youtu.be/p-yVmpQoDTk How to Make the Best Cheap Hot Cocoa Possible https://youtu.be/7M105LuTJvo Chemistry Life Hacks for Winter Survival (CLH Vol. 5) https://youtu.be/cJQ66JvuRaY Small Bottle, HUGE Fireball (How Flame Jetting Works) https://youtu.be/5sfUl6GIdYo Shedding Light on Seasonal Affective Disorder https://youtu.be/lld7lFZm-m0 Why This Town Has Been On Fire For 50 Years https://youtu.be/fsgqy5FYP2c Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Judy Lavelle Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD; Brianne Raccor, PhD; Heather Stapleton, PhD; Vyto Babrauskas, PhD Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: King on da beat - Christmas Nouvelle Noel Kevin MacLeod Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairies Kevin MacLeod Sources: M Alaee, et al. An overview of commercially used brominated flame retardants, their applications, their use patterns in different countries/regions and possible modes of release. Environment International DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00121-1 (20013). S Hammel, et al. Associations between flame retardant applications in furniture foam, house dust levels, and residents’ serum levels. Environment international DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.07.015 (2017). S Shaw, et al. Persistent organic pollutants including polychlorinated and polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in firefighters from Northern California. Chemosphere DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.12.070 (2013). K Hoffman, et al. Exposure to flame retardant chemicals and occurrence and severity of papillary thyroid cancer: A case-control study. Environment International DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.06.021 (2017). Assessing and Managing Chemicals under TSCA: https://www.epa.gov/assessing-and-managing-chemicals-under-tsca/polybrominated-diphenyl-ethers-pbdes U.S. agency struggling with organohalogen flame retardants in consumer products: https://cen.acs.org/safety/consumer-safety/US-agency-struggling-organohalogen-flame/96/i38 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4528432/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3569691/ https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/flame-retardants-in-consumer-products-are-linked-to-health-and-cognitive-problems/2013/04/15/f5c7b2aa-8b34-11e2-9838-d62f083ba93f_story.html?utm_term=.f4cfd52f817a Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 2 - How Does Low-Dose Aspirin Work?

1 janvier 2019

You ever see those commercials suggesting people take a tiny dose of aspirin every day? It’s an amount so small it doesn’t really work for pain relief, yet taking low-dose aspirin is fairly common, among those at risk for heart attacks or stroke. Here’s why aspirin works in a baby-sized dose. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Bianca Rocca, PhD Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Sources: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/reyes-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20377255 https://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/aspirin-and-your-heart-many-questions-some-answers http://www.strokeassociation.org/STROKEORG/LifeAfterStroke/HealthyLivingAfterStroke/ManagingMedicines/Anti-Clotting-Agents-Explained_UCM_310452_Article.jsp# https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4590672/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19630812/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1852201/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9263351 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5557878/ https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/hematology-and-oncology/hemostasis/overview-of-hemostasis https://www.ouhsc.edu/platelets/platelets/platelets%20intro.html https://courses.washington.edu/conj/membrane/arachidonic.htm https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4590672/ You might also like: Can You Take Expired Drugs? https://youtu.be/aT4qzgEQr-Y Does Melatonin Do Anything? https://youtu.be/qjUKsW93qRU Does Cough Medicine Really Work? https://youtu.be/4TnJQYpKz0E Do Vitamin Supplements Really Work? https://youtu.be/9gQoG0AT3kY How Does Tylenol Work? The truth Is--We Don't Know https://youtu.be/Kq7I-Rt2SnY Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 3 - Can Plastic Be Composted?

8 janvier 2019

Thanks to the demands of eco-conscious consumers, biodegradable and compostable plastics are cropping up everywhere. Are these green plastics the solution to our throwaway lifestyle? Well -- it’s complicated. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: How is Leather Made? https://youtu.be/6Cn7QqdFIxc How Plastic Recycling Actually Works https://youtu.be/zO3jFKiqmHo Do Astronauts Need Sunscreen? https://youtu.be/MV5PGjWl2Yc Can Silver Nanoparticles Combat Your Stink? https://youtu.be/3UcnYMFTzFQ Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Kevin O'Connor, PhD Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: Sam Leopard - Secret Bass LANCARTIS - Disco-Funk Classic Version Sources: https://mcgillcompost.com/biodegradable-plastic-compostable-plastic https://phys.org/news/2017-12-truth-bioplastics.html https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/may/23/biodegradable-plastic-false-solution-for-ocean-waste-problem http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aa60a7/meta https://pubs.acs.org/stoken/presspac/presspac/full/10.1021/acs.est.8b02963 https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/corn-plastic-to-the-rescue-126404720/ https://www.filabot.com/blogs/news/57233604-the-misleading-biodegradability-of-pla http://www.biomasspackaging.com/the-pros-and-cons-of-polylactic-acid-pla-bioplastic-the-corn-plastics/ https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1541-4337.2010.00126.x https://www.hitachi.com/businesses/infrastructure/product_site/ip/process/pla.html https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941807001109 https://science.howstuffworks.com/science-vs-myth/everyday-myths/how-long-does-it-take-for-plastics-to-biodegrade.htm Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 5 - Why Flamingos Are Pink and HARDCORE

22 janvier 2019

Flamingos may be synonymous with tacky lawn ornaments, but we’re here to tell you they’re one of the most hardcore animals on the planet. They survive where almost nothing else can. And they’re pink too. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Fact or Fiction: Uncooked Rice is Bad for Birds https://youtu.be/fEC1HgYGEzk Chameleons Are Masters of Nanotechnology https://youtu.be/OfxApSZ5bCM Why Is Snake Venom So Deadly? https://youtu.be/ZCWPnmQj6LE Why Is Chocolate Deadly for Dogs? https://youtu.be/X86co4E1NvE Dragon's Blood Could Save Your Life https://youtu.be/j8glywrQvbE Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Alexa Billows Scientific Experts: Daniel M. Deocampo, PhD, Paul Rose, PhD Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: Unknown - Wah-Not Mako Yama - At Starry Night Sources: https://theconversation.com/africas-most-toxic-lakes-are-a-paradise-for-fearless-flamingos-70817 https://theconversation.com/how-planet-earths-ice-skating-flamingos-collectively-get-in-the-mood-for-sex-68784 https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/flamingos-find-life-among-death-180959265/ https://www.britannica.com/story/why-are-flamingos-pink https://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/why-are-flamingos-pink/ https://www.thoughtco.com/why-are-flamingos-pink-607870 http://www.academia.edu/25322420/Mass_developments_of_a_small_sized_ecotype_of_Arthrospira_fusiformis_in_Lake_Oloidien_Kenya_a_new_feeding_ground_for_Lesser_Flamingos_in_East_Africa https://books.google.com/books?id=fhC_nz8eHh0C&pg=PA129#v=onepage&q&f=false https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21929360-100-deadly-lake-turns-animals-into-statues/ https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-642-27833-4_1455-6 http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/bacteria/cyanointro.html https://boingboing.net/2013/10/02/meet-the-fish-that-happily-liv.html https://www.flickr.com/photos/dkeats/27289582834 https://www.flickr.com/photos/pixellou/4993872828/in/photostream/ Fischer0182 | Dreamstime.com https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259288585_Mass_developments_of_a_small_sized_ecotype_of_Arthrospira_fusiformis_in_Lake_Oloidien_Kenya_a_new_feeding_ground_for_Lesser_Flamingos_in_East_Africa https://theconversation.com/how-planet-earths-ice-skating-flamingos-collectively-get-in-the-mood-for-sex-68784 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 6 - Does Shaving Cream Do Anything?

30 janvier 2019

Whether you rock sideburns or baby-smooth legs, all shavers share one concern –– the threat of razor-sharp metal. But luckily, shaving cream packs the right chemistry to keep us looking good while protecting our sensitive skin. What is this fantastic foam in a can? Today, with the help of Ms. Beautyphile, Reactions gets up close and personal with the chemistry of your bathroom's most magical soap. Subscribe to msbeautyphile! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5gI4wshlCozPRgYaBIHREQ Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: How Does Moisturizer Work? https://youtu.be/QdNPiW4ZULk How Do Deodorants and Antiperspirants Work? https://youtu.be/qBl0zRi69HQ How Does Shampoo Work? https://youtu.be/SbRzADkzPIQ What's The Best Way To Whiten Teeth? https://youtu.be/_HqA4lCG2EU How Do Anti-Wrinkle Creams Work? https://youtu.be/2ueEEwg7bck Credits: Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD; Brianne Raccor, PhD; Paul Cziko, PhD Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: Alandra Lightflower Jones - Strike it up Sources: https://patents.google.com/patent/US4761279A/en https://chemistscorner.com/cosmetic-formulation-basics-shaving-cream/ https://www.wired.com/2006/11/whats-inside-shaving-cream/ https://sharpologist.com/2012/03/anatomy-of-a-shaving-cream.html https://health.howstuffworks.com/skin-care/men/shaving-tips/shaving9.htm http://www.madehow.com/Volume-1/Shaving-Cream.html https://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/ingredients/00000157-711d-d279-a1ff-751f66340000 https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/20701#section=Top https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17266256 https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/706639/TRIETHANOLAMINE/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 7 - Is White Chocolate Actually Chocolate?

5 février 2019

Today we’re showing our love for the redheaded stepchild of the chocolate world, white chocolate. It may lack the rich flavor of milk chocolate and the glossy brown color of dark chocolate. Many people even argue it’s not really chocolate at all. What is it about this creamy candy that sets it apart from the darker chocolates we know and love so well? Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Milk Vs. Dark Chocolate: The Ultimate Showdown: https://youtu.be/8rSaOv8vZyY The Ultimate Donut Battle: Cake vs. Yeast: https://youtu.be/u68ZnxzWj5k Gum + Chocolate = ?????: https://youtu.be/baC4iuD4gGU How Much Candy Would Kill You?: https://youtu.be/RNOycTzN-fg Why Is Chocolate Deadly for Dogs?: https://youtu.be/X86co4E1NvE Credits: Producer: Sean Parsons Writer: Alexa Billow Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Matt Hartings, PhD Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: The Heist," by Graeme Cornies "Ww," by Anna Fletcher Sources: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1541-4337.12180 https://www.britannica.com/topic/chocolate http://www.thenibble.com/zine/archives/best-white-chocolate3.asp#cacao http://bakerpedia.com/ingredients/white-chocolate/ https://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i11/Periodic-graphics-chocolate-chemistry.html https://pubs.acs.org/cen/whatstuff/stuff/7849sci5.html https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780983079125500049 http://www.ifrj.upm.edu.my/21%20(03)%202014/25%20IFRJ%2021%20(03)%202014%20Yang%20650.pdf https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0023643817306412 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0924224407000489 https://www.science.org.au/curious/everything-else/chocolate https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1541-4337.12180 https://equalexchange.coop/products/chocolate/steps Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 8 - How Did the 80s Get Hair So Big?

12 février 2019

You can check out Google's Science Journal app at http://g.co/ScienceJournal The 80s was a decade full of neon leg warmers, power ballads, and big hair. But how did we get that big hair so bad it’s good? A little bit of teasing and a lot of chemistry. This week Ms. Beautyphile helps us tackle the science behind perms and crimping and overall big 80s hair. Check out Ms. Beautyphile: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5gI4wshlCozPRgYaBIHREQ How Does Hairspray Work: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=haP-EaElL-M Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: The Chemistry of Redheads https://youtu.be/Ylt_p2zzONw How Does Hairspray Work? https://youtu.be/haP-EaElL-M Why Flamingos Are Pink and HARDCORE https://youtu.be/rbjnvYVX4Oc How Does Shampoo Work? https://youtu.be/SbRzADkzPIQ What Happens If You Stop Washing Your Hair? https://youtu.be/aTRZ-Up1iWA Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Trina Espinoza Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Trina Espinoza, Trefor Evans, PhD Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: 80s Sitcom TV Show Theme - Dannyj Sam Leopard - Eg Guitar Boogie Classic Version Pop Back to the 80s - Cue The Music Sources: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/07ee/f42942b5d97a052ebcd800c98dd0437ebd71.pdf http://hairmomentum.com/hair-chemistry-101-quick-glance-hydrogen-bonding/ http://chemistry.elmhurst.edu/vchembook/568hairwave.html http://www.chemistry-blog.com/2018/01/31/the-chemistry-of-hair-relaxers/comment-page-1/ https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7a04/9292a77dde05d4a3ffd32ca011ba9e2e6967.pdf https://helix.northwestern.edu/blog/2014/05/science-curls https://myhairdressers.com/blog/beginners-guide-perm-works/ https://studylib.net/doc/6974033/making-waves--the-chemistry-of-hair-perms http://cenblog.org/just-another-electron-pusher/2011/09/making-waves-the-chemistry-of-hair-perms/ https://www.flickr.com/photos/thestarmama/69575193 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 9 - Can Mixing Cleaning Chemicals Kill You?

19 février 2019

You can check out Google's Science Journal app at http://g.co/ScienceJournal When things start looking grimy in the bathroom, and it’s time to whip out yellow gloves, the only thing that matters is getting the job done as soon as possible. So you open the cabinet, see a bunch of bottles and think “Hey, this cleans and that cleans, why not mix them all together? That’ll kill dirt and grime faster!” Think again - your all purpose cleaning cocktail could turn a bad day even worse. Can death by toilet bowl cleaning really happen? Today on Reactions, you're about to find out. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ Writer/Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Scientific consultants: Michelle Boucher, Ph.D. Brianne Raccor, Ph.D. Hans Plugge, M.sc., S.M. Sources: What is bleach? - http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/bleach/bleachh.htm How Does Bleach Work - http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=551 More on Bleach - https://www.info.gov.hk/info/sars/en/useofbleach.htm Ammonia Hydroxide - https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/ammonia/ Ammonia & Bleach - https://sciencestruck.com/mixing-bleach-ammonia Alcohol & Bleach - https://www.thoughtco.com/bleach-and-alcohol-make-chloroform-607720 Chlorofom Hollywood BS - https://www.neatorama.com/neatogeek/2015/07/31/The-Lies-That-Movies-Tell-Us-Chloroform-Edition/ Serious Injury from Chloramine - https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199909093411115 About Commerical Drain Cleaners - https://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/plumbing/drain-cleaner2.htm Never mix drain cleaners - https://www.forbes.com/sites/alexberezow/2013/11/04/why-you-should-never-mix-different-drain-cleaners/#2b5c68352661 ‘Drain cleaners - http://www.nchasia.com/th-th/nch-insights/industry-news/drain-cleaner-chemical-formula Chlorine gas - https://ehs.berkeley.edu/lessons-learned/lesson-learned-accidental-mixing-bleach-and-acid Chlorine gas exposure - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136961/ WWI Gas - http://www.kumc.edu/wwi/essays-on-first-world-war-medicine/index-of-essays/medicine/gas-in-the-great-war.html

Épisode 11 - What's In Dog Food?

5 mars 2019

Have you ever thought about how strange it is that dogs eat these dry, weird smelling bits of food for their entire lives and never get sick of them? This truly is a scientific puzzle and there are many different types of dog food formulas on the market. Some are designed for weight loss, long shelf life and making sure that your dog eats a balanced diet. This week on Reactions, you’ll see the real wonder of what’s behind the chemistry being used to make the perfect dog food kibble. Check out Sound Field: http://youtube.com/soundfieldpbs Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Why Is Chocolate Deadly for Dogs? https://youtu.be/X86co4E1NvE Fact or Fiction: Uncooked Rice is Bad for Birds https://youtu.be/fEC1HgYGEzkThunbmail Why Is Snake Venom So Deadly? https://youtu.be/ZCWPnmQj6LE Dragon's Blood Could Save Your Life https://youtu.be/j8glywrQvbE Chameleons Are Masters of Nanotechnology https://youtu.be/OfxApSZ5bCM Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Kirk Zameiroski Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD, Linda Case, MS Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: Sam Leopard - Secret Bass Sam Leopard - To The Point Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4494336/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6270422/ http://krex.k-state.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/2097/18368/KoppelJSFA2014.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y https://vet.osu.edu/vmc/companion/our-services/nutrition-support-service/myths-and-misconceptions-surrounding-pet-foods https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/dog-spies/what-should-you-feed-your-dog/ https://www.popsci.com/science/article/2013-03/chemistry-kibble https://patents.google.com/patent/US20050170067A1/en https://thesciencedog.com/2015/05/08/whats-the-deal-with-meals/ https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/molecule-of-the-week/archive/p/putrescine.html https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1480633/?page=1 https://www.aafco.org https://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeterinary/ResourcesforYou/ucm047113.htm https://www.nutro.com/docs/default-source/veterinarians/nutro-dietary-fats-for-canine-skin-and-coat.pdf?sfvrsn=2 https://www.nap.edu/resource/10668/dog_nutrition_final_fix.pdf Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 12 - Are We Running Out of Helium?

12 mars 2019

Did you realize that just like certain animals here on Earth, there are endangered elements too? For example, we’re constantly losing helium, a gas that defies gravity and escapes our atmosphere into space. This incredible element is in high demand all over the globe. It’s also way too expensive to create in the laboratory and that’s bad news for more than just your birthday party! This week on Reactions, we will explore innovations of the industrial era of helium, how much we have left and see whether or not this element will go extinct. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Why Does Humidity Feel Gross? https://youtu.be/GtmOlpbkQDw Do Astronauts Need Sunscreen? https://youtu.be/MV5PGjWl2Yc Yellowstone and Their Steaming Acid Pools of Death https://youtu.be/OqP50563IDM What's That After-Rain Smell Made Of? https://youtu.be/2txpbrjnLiY Credits: Producer: Kirk Zameiroski Writer: Kirk Zameiroski Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD, Sophia Hayes, PhD Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: Sam Leopard - Secret Bass Sources: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2018/08/news-helium-mri-superconducting-markets-reserve-technology/ https://communities.acs.org/community/science/sustainability/green-chemistry-nexus-blog/blog/2017/02/16/critical-elements-series-helium-shortage-to-occur-in-the-next-25-50-years https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/greenchemistry/research-innovation/endangered-elements.html https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/heliumnaturalgas.html https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0121/report.pdf https://arstechnica.com/science/2016/06/discovery-of-massive-new-helium-reserves-is-game-changer-for-medical-industry/ http://science.sciencemag.org/content/353/6295/109 https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(16)30726-8/abstract https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/helium/mcs-2018-heliu.pdf https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/heliums-ballooning-price-may-fly-even-higher-2018-05-30 https://www.aps.org/policy/reports/popa-reports/upload/HeliumReport.pdf http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/2/helium https://www.nature.com/news/helium-should-be-recycled-1.22244 https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/helium/mcs-2018-heliu.pdf Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 13 - These Two Women Changed Chemistry Forever

20 mars 2019

To honor women’s history month in the international year of the periodic table, today we wanted to share the story of two of chemistry’s most brilliant and bold women and their paths of elemental discovery -- because what they brought to the table changed the world as we know it. ++Note: There is a voice over error. The voice over states that by 1879 Marie Curie had concluded that Uranium and Thorium were the only known radioactive elements. This date should actually be 1897. Apologies for this error. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: The Woman Who Saved the U.S. Space Race (And Other Unsung Scientists) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFfdaWHRwTk The Race to Invent the Periodic Table https://youtu.be/-ojcm3IIf98 How Does Hair Dye Work? https://youtu.be/zeReQ1wlcis The Periodic Table Table https://youtu.be/KyKEY01Lm5o How Did the 80s Get Hair So Big? https://youtu.be/pKBJ7szKJko Are We Breathing Caesar's Last Breath https://youtu.be/a4v5U4J373k Credits: Producer: Kirk Zameiroski Writer: Kirk Zameiroski Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD, S Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: Sam Leopard - Secret Bass Mako Yama - Cloud Sculpture Sources: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/themes/marie-and-pierre-curie-and-the-discovery-of-polonium-and-radium/ https://pubs.acs.org/cen/coverstory/89/8926cover7.html https://eic.rsc.org/feature/ida-noddack-and-the-missing-elements/2020167.article https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4213432/ http://cwp.library.ucla.edu/Phase2/Karlik,_Berta@900123456.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lise_Meitner https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marguerite_Perey https://www.famousscientists.org/marguerite-perey/ https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/women-of-the-periodic-table-quilt/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 14 - Why Are Birds Different Colors?

2 avril 2019

There are thousands of species of birds and with great numbers come great biodiversity. Birds are among the most colorful animals on the planet so today we're taking a look at how birds use science to employ a wide range of chemical and physical tricks when it comes to feathers. Writer/Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Scientific consultants: Darcy Gentlman, Ph.D. Kevin McGraw, Ph.D. Music: Roberto Daglio - Com Todo Meu Amor Pure___natural - Instand Love Sources: How many bird species - https://www.amnh.org/about-the-museum/press-center/new-study-doubles-the-estimate-of-bird-species-in-the-world Bird Colors - https://academy.allaboutbirds.org/how-birds-make-colorful-feathers/ Ultraviolet - https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article/50/10/854/233996 Parrots - https://www.forbes.com/sites/grrlscientist/2018/07/06/parrots-use-chemistry-and-physics-to-create-brilliantly-colorful-plumage/#4780cfbf75f7 Superblack birds - https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/01/super-black-is-the-new-black/549869/ Ultraviolet puffins - https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2018/04/sharks-puffins-animals-biofluorescence-oceans/ Structural colors - https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5ecf/4a98f2ff3d3fe918143b13d99dad30e7c507.pdf Carotenoids - https://www.fasebj.org/doi/pdf/10.1096/fasebj.4.12.2394316 Flamingos - https://www.livescience.com/32968-why-are-flamingos-pink.html Canaries - https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2015/09/24/027532.full.pdf Carotenoid metabolism in bird - https://www-fasebj-org.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/doi/pdf/10.1096/fasebj.4.12.2394316 Melanins in brids -https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2005.01032.x Birds eating pigments - https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/for-some-species-you-really-are-what-you-eat-40747423/ Porphyrins - https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/reso/018/01/0012-0021 Structural Coloration - https://www.nature.com/articles/srep18317#ref24 OWL UV source - https://birdtrek.smugmug.com/Animals/Northern-Saw-whet-Owls/i-DmZ8VGF

Épisode 15 - White, Green, Black, and Oolong Tea: What's the Difference?

9 avril 2019

Did you know that many different types of tea come from the same plant? It’s pretty amazing, considering the various flavors and colors, but what really sets each tea apart are the chemical changes that happen in the leaves during production. This week on Reactions, we’re going to debunk a couple of myths behind the healthful and flavorful compounds found in each type of tea. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: What Makes Coffee So Good? https://youtu.be/ml79faGQg_c How Do Bees Make Honey? https://youtu.be/Hq0SBwkLvUo How To Get Rid of Beer Foam Fast https://youtu.be/vsdUoutzxVg How to Make the Best Cheap Hot Cocoa Possible https://youtu.be/7M105LuTJvo How Is Whiskey Made? https://youtu.be/cR7Bt9Ei_zI What Do Electrolytes Actually Do? https://youtu.be/xhLHtuZ3VOI Credits: Producer: Sean Parsons Writer: Kirk Zameiroski Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Susan Richardson, PhD Cordelia Running, PhD Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: "Gentle Thoughts," By Gold in June/"Quiet Moods 11" By Christian Andersen/"Struck My Heart," By Gold in June Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2835915/ https://www.tu-braunschweig.de/Medien-DB/ilc/w_t.pdf https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/ea80/eeb29374465c235e6bb73984c99fb95df609.pdf https://www.nature.com/articles/ijo2009135 Thermogenisis & Weight - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/jmf.2006.9.451 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15113141 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Karin_Kovacevic_Ganic/publication/258451908_Determination_of_Caffeine_Content_in_Tea_and_Mate_Tea_by_Using_Different_Methods/links/00463528e54fb83845000000/Determination-of-Caffeine-Content-in-Tea-and-Mate-Tea-by-Using-Different-Methods.pdf https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1986.tb01926.x https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258840098_Green_tea_A_magical_herb_with_miraculous_outcomes https://books.google.co.th/books?id=oKDNAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA663&lpg=PA663&dq=enzymes+are+deactivated+green+tea&source=bl&ots=B2NkPzD5mt&sig=ACfU3U2cgr0MvuF6lRwya-LkUfCvFftteg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj-tIKgxtvgAhXaAnIKHZfRAzkQ6AEwDHoECAAQAQ#v=onepage&q=enzymes%20are%20deactivated%20green%20tea&f=false https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/131/9/2248/4687692 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 16 - Why Do Clothes Shrink in the Wash?

16 avril 2019

Knowing the do’s and don’ts of washing your clothes can be difficult, but chemistry has got your back. With a quick lesson in textile chemistry, you’ll be able to understand the different fabrics that make up your clothes. This week on Reactions, we’ll explore whether it’s safe to wash your favorite new shirt at home or if you really need to take it to the dry cleaner’s. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: How is Leather Made? https://youtu.be/6Cn7QqdFIxc Can Silver Nanoparticles Combat Your Stink? https://youtu.be/3UcnYMFTzFQ DIY Cleaning Hacks (Chemistry Life Hacks Vol. 6) https://youtu.be/rM86Y810fTA How Do Jeans Get Blue? https://youtu.be/kiMBFKwnxzI Does Febreze Really Work? https://youtu.be/sNIIxzR-d_Q Let's Settle This: How to Care for Cast-Iron https://youtu.be/u1zKG0D7GKo Credits: Producer: Kirk Zameiroski Writer: Kirk Zameiroski & Emma Hiolski Scientific Consultants: Rick Sachleben, PhD Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: Sam Leopard - Je Trace Ma Route Smidi - Cadillac Candy Sources: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/14356007.a09_049 https://home.howstuffworks.com/dry-cleaning.htm/printable https://www.webharvest.gov/peth04/20041022004143/http://www.ftc.gov/os/statutes/textile/alerts/dryclean.htm https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK464368/#p31-s1.2 https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-09545-scitech2 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 17 - How to Get Rid of Skunk Smell

23 avril 2019

Skunks are nocturnal animals that prefer to keep to themselves. However, when they sense danger, this lurking purveyor of biochemical warfare unleashes its primary defense mechanism: a nasty-smelling spray. Similar to tear gas, the scent is so strong it can cause your eyes to start dripping and make you throw up. This week on Reactions, get ready for some stinking chemistry as we take a closer look at the compounds that give skunk spray its horrendous odor. 0:28 - What is skunk spray 1:00 - Skunks tell you when they're going to spray 1:15 - How far can skunks spray 1:29 - Why is skunk spray so strong 2:25 - What to do if you or your dog gets sprayed by a skunk Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: Why Do Wet Dogs Stink? + Other Canine Chemistry https://youtu.be/X9AozZLZnCU Why Are Birds Different Colors? https://youtu.be/L_H1NC5sN50 Why Don’t Antarctic Fish Freeze to Death? https://youtu.be/k4gKYyXgX5g How Do Pheromones Work? https://youtu.be/_aoWR1ZDUQc Chameleons Are Masters of Nanotechnology https://youtu.be/OfxApSZ5bCM Why Is Snake Venom So Deadly? https://youtu.be/ZCWPnmQj6LE Credits: Producer: Kirk Zameiroski Writer: Kirk Zameiroski & Emma Hiolski Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD William Wood, PhD Ted Stankowich, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: Sam Leopard - To The Point "wah-not" from audio micro Sources: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/226187051_The_History_of_Skunk_Defensive_Secretion_Research https://www.researchgate.net/publication/11018910_Volatile_Components_in_Defensive_Spray_of_the_Hooded_Skunk_Mephitis_macroura https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258829412_New_components_in_defensive_secretion_of_the_striped_skunkMephitis_mephitis https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258823487_Volatile_components_in_defensive_spray_of_the_spotted_skunkSpilogale_putorius https://open.alberta.ca/dataset/7b9179c0-34e1-4b34-8309-145a71f238fe/resource/c20c0e5e-299b-4b87-810d-363d3be92642/download/2016-agri-facts-biology-and-control-of-skunks-agdex-684-5-revised-december-2016.pdf https://www.researchgate.net/profile/William_Wood6/publication/264121808_Why_Skunks_Smell_So_Bad/links/53f6b25e0cf2fceacc74d1e3/Why-Skunks-Smell-So-Bad.pdf Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 18 - How Does Pepper Spray Work?

1 mai 2019

Personal safety is something we all should take seriously. Whether it’s walking down a dark street at night or fighting off grizzly bears on the trail, pepper spray is an effective tool to fend off an attacker and get safely away. But have you ever thought about what gives this personal-defense-in-a-can its bite –– is it just weaponized hot sauce? This week on Reactions, we’re taking a look at what’s going on inside these little canisters, and we’ll give you some tips on what to do if you accidentally spray yourself. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Can Mixing Cleaning Chemicals Kill You? https://youtu.be/FH1h0oWjark Small Bottle, HUGE Fireball (How Flame Jetting Works) https://youtu.be/5sfUl6GIdYo What Makes Smartphones Explode? https://youtu.be/pY-kzHn9kvo Why Are Synthetic Drugs So Dangerous? https://youtu.be/83gIiBD365E Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Elaine Seward & A.J. Fillo Scientific Consultants: Darcy Gentleman, PhD John Sagebiel, PhD Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: Alandra Lightflower Jones - Strike it up Wah-Not Sources: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/181655.pdf https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/about-pepper-spray/ https://www.pepperscale.com/pepper-spray/ https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ed077p1630 https://newcropsorganics.ces.ncsu.edu/specialty-crops/specialty-crops-research/ratnasharms_capsaicin/ https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf60214a035 https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/adventures-in-chemistry/experiments/colors-move.html https://www.pepperspraysetc.com/msds/MK-3-5039-First-Defense.pdf https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/13639519910257801 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/107834589700400106 http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/98/5/961.short?sso=1&sso_redirect_count=1&nfstatus=401&nftoken=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000&nfstatusdescription=ERROR%3a+No+local+token https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/about-pepper-spray/ https://www.frontlinewellness.org/guidelines-for-treating-pepperspraychemical-irritants/ https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2015/sm/c5sm00954e/unauth#!divAbstract https://abcnews.go.com/Health/baltimore-protests-experts-caution-milk-antacid-wash-pepper/story?id=30653488 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10764892 http://www.jbc.org/content/287/23/19462.full https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3596648/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10764892 http://www.jbc.org/content/287/23/19462.full https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3596648/ https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2015/sm/c5sm00954e/unauth#!divAbstract Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society.

Épisode 19 - How Do Pregnancy Tests Work?

7 mai 2019

There are many ways to find out if you’re pregnant. One is to wait and see. For those of us who are a little less patient, there’s the take-home chemistry kit known as a pregnancy test. But how do a little strip of paper and a few drops of urine tell you whether or not you’ve got a bun in the oven? Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Women in Chemistry: Heroes of the Periodic Table https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zv8jECGdZAY The Chemistry of Love https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bp7Ydv5wAPk Sexy Chemistry https://youtu.be/54-rMC_67TM Fact or Fiction: Uncooked Rice is Bad for Birds https://youtu.be/fEC1HgYGEzk What Causes PMS? https://youtu.be/W5BvYvyfarw 4 Amazing Science Facts about Pregnancy https://youtu.be/Gnqjh-L4e9g Credits: Producer: Kirk Zameiroski Writer: Kirk Zameiroski Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Glenn Braunstein, MD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: Robert Daglio - com todo meu amor Robert Daglio - Mr. Fantastic Sources: https://i1.wp.com/www.compoundchem.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/How-do-pregnancy-tests-work_.png https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2649930/ http://clinchem.aaccjnls.org/content/47/12/2131.full http://clinchem.aaccjnls.org/content/60/1/18 https://i-calq.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Home-and-Point-of-Care-Pregnancy-Tests.pdf https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/b50c/b2bf631276d1c786ff495185397013570074.pdf https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=D4-capuCoRUC&oi=fnd&pg=PR4&dq=Lateral+flow+tests&ots=mPbi0yzIo8&sig=EE-o8Hkq11S3RetO_qDm3MOou0M&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Lateral%20flow%20tests&f=false https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4119102/ https://www.macmillanlearning.com/catalog/static/whf/kuby/content/anm/kb07an01.htm https://journals.lww.com/epidem/Fulltext/2002/05001/Home_and_Point_of_Care_Pregnancy_Tests__A_Review.3.aspx#pdf-link Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership.

Épisode 20 - That Fresh Cut Grass Scent is Really a Signal of Distress

14 mai 2019

Spring is in the air! It’s time to mow the lawn and breathe in the smell of freshly cut grass. But this pleasant springtime scent may actually be a chemical cry for help. In the latest Reactions episode, we explain how plants communicate, their chemical response to being damaged, and how bugs play a part. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: White, Green, Black, and Oolong Tea: What's the Difference? https://youtu.be/Caq0AMr3f_s How Do Hydrangeas Change Colors? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tmCxU8XY_pE What's That After-Rain Smell Made Of? https://youtu.be/2txpbrjnLiY Vertical Farming https://youtu.be/rEw-VfFkUik What If Humans Could Photosynthesize? https://youtu.be/z3RGwdJGzOo Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Kirk Zameiroski Scientific Consultants: Darcy Gentleman, PhD Ian Baldwin, PhD Simon Gilroy, PhD Rick Karban, PhD Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: Alandra Lightflower Jones - Strike it up (82 style) Sources: https://www.wired.com/2013/12/secret-language-of-plants/ https://www.quantamagazine.org/the-secret-language-of-plants-20131216/ http://kottke.org/16/09/the-internet-of-trees-how-trees-talk-to-each-other-underground http://mentalfloss.com/article/66302/5-ways-plants-communicate https://www.wired.com/2013/12/secret-language-of-plants/ http://science.sciencemag.org/content/361/6407/1112 https://www.compoundchem.com/2014/04/25/what-causes-the-smell-of-fresh-cut-grass/https://www.compoundchem.com/2014/04/25/what-causes-the-smell-of-fresh-cut-grass/ https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/14/9/17781/htm https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/the-hydroperoxide-lyase-branch-of-the-oxylipin-pathway-and-green-leaf-volatiles-in-plantinsect-interaction.-2329-9029.1000102.pdf https://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/znc.1995.50.issue-7-8/znc-1995-7-801/znc-1995-7-801.pdf https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01325231 https://academic.oup.com/chemse/article/30/suppl_1/i268/270427 http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/146/3/818 https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-arplant-042916-041132 https://www.wnycstudios.org/story/from-tree-to-shining-tree https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4483192/ https://books.google.com/books?id=42nOBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA238&lpg=PA238&dq=0.25+ppb+Z-3-hexenal&source=bl&ots=pVrKkqULJl&sig=ACfU3U1WOa51K_ByEGTbqNP90_oiT-hUQQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiY0tWb7rnhAhXD1lkKHQuKDe8Q6AEwA3oECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=0.25%20ppb%20Z-3-hexenal&f=false https://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/znc.1995.50.issue-7-8/znc-1995-7-801/znc-1995-7-801.pdf http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/121/2/325.full https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/14/9/17781/htm http://science.sciencemag.org/content/329/5995/1075.full Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 21 - Why is Carbon the Key to Life? (On Earth, Anyway)

21 mai 2019

One element is the backbone of all forms of life we’ve ever discovered on Earth: carbon. Number six on the periodic table is, to the best of our knowledge, impossible to live without. In this episode of Reactions, discover what makes carbon so exceptional, its nearly infinite capabilities, and potential intergalactic implications. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: Women in Chemistry: Heroes of the Periodic Table: https://youtu.be/Zv8jECGdZAY We Are Made of "Star Stuff”: https://youtu.be/2bm479V8qPs Why Tardigrades are Some of the Most Hardcore Critters on the Planet https://youtu.be/dEW1_Pba3z4 Genetically Modified Humans? CRISPR/Cas 9 Explained https://youtu.be/5gQGWJraptU Have We Found All The Elements? https://youtu.be/rwC9BBHkaAI How Can You See an Atom? https://youtu.be/ipzFnGRfsfE Credits: Producer: Kirk Zameiroski Writer: Kirk Zameiroski Scientific Consultants: Nick Hud, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: Mako Yama - Cloud Sculpture Sources: https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsta.2010.0247 https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/advances/1/2/e1500047.full.pdf https://palereddot.org/biosignature-gases-a-needle-in-a-haystack/ https://www.temi.com/editor/t/pYzqYVFcRntLIscmwMhnwrt4Zp7SqbpeL1desfbTFbiOgNd28KeQoBhnnq2EA6M8UQMugjrlQoa2ky5Q6qg2LPSb1gA?loadFrom=SharedLink https://www.dropbox.com/s/2qb2i0qhgqlhfp6/Limits%20of%20life.pdf?dl=0 https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/could-silicon-be-the-basi/ https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/lab-rat/shine-on-you-crazy-diamond-why-humans-are-carbon-based-lifeforms/ https://www.newsweek.com/these-exoplanets-could-have-right-chemical-reactions-life-emerge-study-finds-1054854 https://www.chemistryworld.com/feature/life-on-other-planets/3008503.article https://www.space.com/12665-alien-life-chemical-code-amino-acids.html https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~ejchaisson/cosmic_evolution/docs/fr_1/fr_1_future5.html https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27885032 https://sputniknews.com/science/201903261073556291-mars-rover-photos-mushrooms/ https://previa.uclm.es/grupo/gao/pub/Cornicabra_TG_AG-FoodChem_2004.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK9924/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 22 - What Causes Auroras (and where you should see them)

29 mai 2019

Learn more about Hack the Moon at https://wehackthemoon.com Every winter thousands of tourists head north hoping to catch a glimpse the luminous auroras dancing in the sky. In this episode of Reactions, we’re sharing tips on how to increase your chances of seeing one and breaking down the chemistry behind the colors of this awe-inspiring wonder. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: How Does Hair Dye Work? https://youtu.be/zeReQ1wlcis What's That After-Rain Smell Made Of? https://youtu.be/2txpbrjnLiY Why Do Leaves Change Color? https://youtu.be/X0nWmTeQPfo Yellowstone and Their Steaming Acid Pools of Death https://youtu.be/OqP50563IDM Why Flamingos Are Pink and HARDCORE https://youtu.be/rbjnvYVX4Oc Are We Running Out of Helium? https://youtu.be/h0Vz_AmKCPw Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Eli Kintisch Scientific Consultants: Eli Kintisch Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: Sam Leopard - Back for More Sources: https://www.atoptics.co.uk/highsky/auror3.htm https://www.windows2universe.org/earth/Atmosphere/ionosphere_constituents.html https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/earth-core http://aurorasaurus.org/ https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-do-the-northern-and-southern-lights-differ/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature08154 https://www.gi.alaska.edu/monitors/aurora-forecast https://phys.org/news/2014-12-theta-auroralong-standing-space-mysteryrevealed.html#nRlv https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-00007-1 https://doi.org/10.1029%2FEO067i040p00761-02 http://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/4D.html https://ottawacitizen.com/news/local-news/northern-lights-moving-south-study-shows https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BXiaN85Ck4M https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:A_Coronal_Mass_Ejection_strikes_the_Earth.ogv http://sec.gsfc.nasa.gov/popscise.jpg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i_x3s8ODaKg https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/77351480 https://www.nps.gov/articles/-articles-aps-v8-i1-c9.htm https://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-epic-solar-winds-make-brilliant-polar-lights-michael-molina http://asahi-classroom.gi.alaska.edu/excite.htm https://pwg.gsfc.nasa.gov/polar/EPO/auroral_poster/aurora_all.pdf https://create.piktochart.com/output/4290880-aurora_infographic4 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions is a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 23 - But Could CBD Make You Fail a Drug Test?

4 juin 2019

Cannabidiol, or CBD, is a non psychoactive compound produced by the marijuana plant that seems to be everywhere these days. Maybe you’ve even been asked if you’d like it added to your morning cup of joe! THC, also marijuana-derived, is what gets people high and is screened for by drug tests. The chemical structure of THC is very similar to CBD’s, which begs the question: Could using CBD make you fail a drug test? In this episode of Reactions we break down the chemistry behind the possibilities. #CBD #DrugTest #Reactions Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: How Do Pregnancy Tests Work? https://youtu.be/jc2_iBZ9r_k How Does Marijuana Work? https://youtu.be/4ukdUDCE56c Are E-cigs Safer Than Cigarettes? https://youtu.be/hcsvX7v-iCQ Why Are Synthetic Drugs So Dangerous? https://youtu.be/83gIiBD365E The Science of Caffeine: The World's Most Popular Drug https://youtu.be/YuJOhpNS0IY Credits: Producer: Melissa Salpietra Writer: George Zaidan Scientific Consultants: Mark Lefsrud, PhD Mahmoud A. ElSohly, PhD Jason White, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: Pure Natural - The Agutis Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30730563 https://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/CannabidiolCriticalReview.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5744690/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5510776/ https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2661569?mod=article_inline https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/5/1230/htm https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0379073818307047 https://rawlsmd.com/health-articles/can-you-trust-cbd-oil-results-independent-cbd-testing-may-surprise https://www.fda.gov/news-events/public-health-focus/fda-regulation-cannabis-and-cannabis-derived-products-questions-and-answershttps://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/statement-fda-commissioner-scott-gottlieb-md-new-steps-advance-agencys-continued-evaluation https://www.healthline.com/health/hemp-vs-cbd-oil#2 https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143739 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2019.00296/full https://scholarship.law.tamu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1647&context=facscholar https://www.leafly.com/news/growing/sexing-marijuana-plants https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/wj9knb/i-visited-a-cannabis-farm-to-find-out-how-cbd-oil-is-made https://purekana.com/ https://medterracbd.com/ https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid=cannabinoid_screen_urine https://www.questdiagnostics.com/dms/Documents/Employer-Solutions/Brochures/quest-common-urine-drug-test-panels-2019.pdf https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=44edbc0e557a4cc5ff03365810ee5b1c&mc=true&node=pt49.1.40&rgn=div5#se49.1.40_187 https://www.usdrugtestcenters.com/drug-test-blog/181/can-you-fail-a-drug-test-due-to-cbd.html https://www.projectcbd.org/politics/when-cbd-legal-and-when-isnt-it https://www.leafly.com/news/science-tech/how-to-assess-thc-cbd-levels-in-cannabis-strains-products http://profofpot.com/activation-metabolism-cannabinoids/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 24 - What is Ringworm and How Do You Get Rid of It?

11 juin 2019

Did you know ringworm is not actually a worm? This week on Reactions find out what ringworm is, how the culprit feeds on your skin, hair, and nails, and learn how to not be its next meal. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: What's the Deal with Acne? https://youtu.be/KrMbwDil1hc How Does Moisturizer Work? https://youtu.be/QdNPiW4ZULk How Do Anti-Wrinkle Creams Work? https://youtu.be/2ueEEwg7bck The World's Most Unavoidable Carcinogen https://youtu.be/7ZXvngquyT4 How Do Worms Turn Garbage into Compost? https://youtu.be/2Pa1FwmKZcQ Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Samantha Jones Scientific Consultants: Theodore Rosen, MD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: Sam Leopard - Eg Guitar Boogie Classic Version Roberto Daglio - Com Todo Meu Amor Sources: https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/contagious-skin-diseases/ringworm https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/symptoms.html https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/definition.html https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/risk-prevention.html https://books.google.com/books?id=kk_vBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA258#v=onepage&q&f=false https://www.dalynn.com/dyn/ck_assets/files/tech/RP85-25.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29361043 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK212/ https://link.springer.com/article/10.2165%2F00128071-200405060-00009 https://link.springer.com/article/10.2165%2F00003495-199958010-00018) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC172857/ https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/pr070153m https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK169210/ https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijmicro/2012/713687/ http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/bodyhorrors/2015/03/31/ringworm-x-ray/#.XN3RayB7mUk https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123983589000239 https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780323485531/urgent-care-dermatology-symptom-based-diagnosis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20526375 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323608268000092 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18112454 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 25 - What Does the Moon Smell Like?

19 juin 2019

After walking on the Moon astronauts hopped back into their lunar lander, bringing Moon dust with them. They were surprised, and perplexed, to find that it smelled like spent gunpowder. This week on Reactions, learn why Moon dust might smell like the aftermath of a Civil War reenactment. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: How to Get Rid of Skunk Smell https://youtu.be/7i_NGMV63HQ Why Do Wet Dogs Stink? + Other Canine Chemistry https://youtu.be/X9AozZLZnCU Do Astronauts Need Sunscreen? https://youtu.be/MV5PGjWl2Yc The Spacefaring Power of Pee https://youtu.be/w6x54zYuqXk Credits: Producer: Melissa Salpietra Writer: George Zaidan Scientific Consultants: John Pernet-Fisher, PhD Jimmie Oxley, PhD Thomas Cleland, PhD Don Bogard, PhD Abhijit Basu, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: Sources: https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2006/30jan_smellofmoondust https://www.space.com/26932-moon-smell-apollo-lunar-aroma.html https://cen.acs.org/articles/92/i44/Fireworks-Fashion-Extraterrestrial-Smells.html https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/scs/chimia/2004/00000058/00000006/art00006?crawler=true https://www.pearsonhighered.com/bell2einfo/assets/documents/Bell_Chapter_11.pdf https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ie50257a006 https://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.posteva.html https://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a15/a15.eva2wake.html https://history.nasa.gov/alsj/TM-2005-213610.pdf https://www.wired.com/2005/04/what-a-little-moon-dust-can-do/ http://meteorites.wustl.edu/lunar/lunar_soil/lunar_soil_composions.htm https://phys.org/news/2018-05-lunar-pose-health-future-astronauts.html https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2015JA021738 https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/volatiles2011/pdf/6003.pdf https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.1945-5100.2009.tb00781.x http://www.planetary.brown.edu/pdfs/5078.pdf https://www.livescience.com/62590-moon-dust-bad-lungs-brain.html https://www.newyorker.com/tech/annals-of-technology/the-mystery-of-moon-dust https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2017GH000125 https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2005RG000184 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/09/080924191552.htm https://www.lpi.usra.edu/decadal/leag/DavidJLoftus.pdf https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20090026015.pdf https://www.newswise.com/articles/view/544607/ https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/smell-disorders Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 26 - How Pee Helped Win the Revolutionary War (Maybe...) - July 4th Special Episode

25 juin 2019

Old school gunpowder is really called “black powder,” and it was so crucial to the Revolutionary War effort that we went to great (and gross) lengths to try and make it. This week on Reactions, find out what exactly those lengths were. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: How Do Sparklers Work? https://youtu.be/gWBcnlMHhHQ Why is the Statue of Liberty Green? https://youtu.be/_ZSLrXtg1-o What Does the Moon Smell Like? https://youtu.be/iQod_oYnFTc How Does Double Acting Baking Powder... Doubly Act? https://youtu.be/f16wezzHPzg The Dawn of Chemical Warfare https://youtu.be/e8W3dOURya0 Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific Consultants: Jimmie Oxley, PhD Jack Kelly Executive Producer: George Zaidan Production Manager: Hilary Hudson Music: Boston Patriots - Kelly Brent Bryarly Sam Leopard - Cool Ivory Sources: https://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Chemistry_of_Pyrotechnics.html?id=stoY55Kj7wUC https://www.livescience.com/7476-gunpowder-changed-world.html https://www.theverge.com/2015/7/3/8886697/the-chemistry-behind-a-firework-explosion https://phys.org/news/2017-07-chemist-science-fireworks.html https://www.compoundchem.com/2014/07/02/the-chemistry-of-gunpowder/ http://time.com/4828701/first-fireworks-history-july-4th/ https://www.nap.edu/read/6289/chapter/1 https://allthingsliberty.com/2013/09/the-gunpowder-shortage/ https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article/song-dynasty/ https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/raid-bermuda-saved-american-revolution-180970375/ https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/from-gunpowder-to-teeth-whitener-the-science-behind-historic-uses-of-urine-442390/ http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=4130 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/wea.2587 https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Black_powder https://www.nps.gov/casa/learn/historyculture/gunpowder.htm https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/gun-cotton-and-collodion/ https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2000.03240.x?sid=nlm%3Apubmed https://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/alfred-nobels-dynamite-companies/ https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/npsg/explosives/Chapter2.pdf https://www.ncjrs.gov/App/Publications/abstract.aspx?ID=240495 https://docsouth.unc.edu/imls/lecontesalt/leconte.html http://mysite.du.edu/~jcalvert/phys/bang.htm#Blac https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0119712 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 27 - Can We Make Ocean Water Drinkable -- and Should We?

2 juillet 2019

We need water to survive--and Earth is covered in it! Unfortunately, almost all of that water is salty. In this week’s episode of Reactions find out why getting freshwater from ocean water is a lot trickier than you might imagine. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: What Causes the Northern Lights (and where you should see them) https://youtu.be/8S_LPFOa-zs Yellowstone and Their Steaming Acid Pools of Death https://youtu.be/OqP50563IDM Is Fluoride in Drinking Water Safe? https://youtu.be/a17v4bhhBuU How Much Water Can Kill You? https://youtu.be/TvcbIXvWl_k Is It OK To Pee In The Pool? https://youtu.be/wHIsfVffWf0 Credits: Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writer: Samantha Jones Scientific Consultants: John H. Lienhard, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: Smidi - Cadillac Candy Mako Yama - At Starry Night Sources: https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/desalination?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects https://e360.yale.edu/features/as-water-scarcity-increases-desalination-plants-are-on-the-rise https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/how-much-water-there-earth?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/whysalty.html https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/chemical/chemistry-and-seawater/salty-sea/weird-science-types-salts-seawater https://www.popsci.com/thermal-water-desalination/ http://www.middleschoolchemistry.com/lessonplans/chapter5/lesson3 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 28 - The Top 5 Strangest Poisons That Can Kill You

16 juillet 2019

If you or someone you know is thinking about suicide, there are people and resources available to help. Please call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-8255 There are some crazy poisons in this world of ours, and they’re often found in things you’d least expect. In this week’s episode of Reactions, we break down our top 5. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: Can Mixing Cleaning Chemicals Kill You? https://youtu.be/FH1h0oWjark Inside the Game of Thrones Poison, the Strangler https://youtu.be/6UNEpRXcxM4 How Much Water Can Kill You? https://youtu.be/TvcbIXvWl_k The Chemistry of Poison Ivy https://youtu.be/SJEU3PT0O5g Credits: Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writer: Samantha Jones Scientific Consultants: Kelly Johnson-Arbor, MD Joe Landolph, PhD Dan Brown, PhD Mark Spaller, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: Dirty Damage by APM Sources: https://www.sciencealert.com/do-not-stand-under-world-s-most-dangerous-tree-manchineel-tree http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20150817-earths-most-poisonous-plants https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1127797/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7560788 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC504506/ https://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/ricin/facts.asp https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3087745/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128012383993796 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6115105 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4672850/ https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-drug/def/auranofin https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr980431o https://livertox.nih.gov/Gold_Preparations.htm https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30827998 https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/foodborne-illness-and-disease/clostridium-botulinum/ct_index Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 29 - What Happens When You Overdose?

23 juillet 2019

If you or someone you know is thinking about suicide, there are people and resources available to help. Please call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-8255 We've disabled comments here because we're a chemistry channel, and advice about self-harm isn't something we're good at. If you want to talk to someone who IS an expert on issues of self-harm and suicide, PLEASE call the number above. Your body is a delicately balanced chemical system, and if you take too much of a drug you destroy that balance. That’s what happens when you overdose. This week on Reactions, learn how to spot an overdose and the ways different types of drugs wreak havoc in your brain. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: The Top 5 Strangest Poisons That Can Kill You https://youtu.be/4hQ0G0GaYR8 Can You Take Expired Drugs? https://youtu.be/aT4qzgEQr-Y What is Addiction? https://youtu.be/C6I3CHhBGeQ Why Are Synthetic Drugs So Dangerous? https://youtu.be/83gIiBD365E Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific Consultants: Adam Blumenberg, MD Lauren Murphy, MD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: Owl Service Sources: https://www.statnews.com/2016/09/29/why-fentanyl-is-deadlier-than-heroin/ https://www.jpain.org/article/S1526-5900(14)00905-5/abstract https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29902699 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/anae.12053 https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/methamphetamine https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/methamphetamine/how-methamphetamine-different-other-stimulants-such-cocaine https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3056348/ https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/a3dzyb/this-is-exactly-what-happens-when-you-overdose https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/brochures-and-fact-sheets/understanding-dangers-of-alcohol-overdose https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482238/ https://www.scripps.edu/newsandviews/e_20020225/koob2.html https://www.drugabuse.gov/drugs-abuse/opioids/benzodiazepines-opioids https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh21-2/120.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4065474/ https://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/d/d_04/d_04_m/d_04_m_peu/d_04_m_peu.html https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17692765 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3059186 https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/cocaine/how-does-cocaine-produce-its-effects https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2015.00069/full Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 30 - How Do We Fight the California Fires?

30 juillet 2019

When wildfires break out on hot, windy days they pose a serious threat to people and the environment. This week on Reactions, learn how we’re using fertilizer to keep dangerous blazes at bay. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: Small Bottle, HUGE Fireball (How Flame Jetting Works) https://youtu.be/5sfUl6GIdYo Why This Town Has Been On Fire For 50 Years https://youtu.be/fsgqy5FYP2c Burning Ice from the Ocean Floor https://youtu.be/ghQWICNY0aY How Do Matches Work? https://youtu.be/y2ErAPODA6U Credits: Producer: Melissa Salpietra Writer: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific Consultant: Michael Gollner, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: Eg Guitar Boggie Classic Version - Sam leopard Sources: http://mentalfloss.com/article/57094/10-strategies-fighting-wildfires https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/16/us/16wildfires.html https://www.sgvtribune.com/2016/07/23/is-that-red-fire-retardant-dropped-from-planes-during-wildfires-safe-for-humans-and-the-environment/ https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/a-growing-problem-after-wildfires-toxic-chemicals/2019/04/05/7243d6b4-45bb-11e9-90f0-0ccfeec87a61_story.html?utm_term=.228a7280ad1e http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1919962,00.html https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7rh1s9z8 https://www.fs.fed.us/rm/fire/wfcs/training/documents/safety.pdf https://www.fs.fed.us/science-technology/fire/equipment-tools https://www.fs.fed.us/t-d/pubs/pdf/hi_res/93511208hi.pdf https://www.denverpost.com/2012/06/16/wildfire-red-slurrys-toxic-dark-side/ https://phoschek.com/product-class/fire-retardant-for-wildland/ https://pubsapp.acs.org/cen/coverstory/89/8935cover.html https://durangoherald.com/articles/230373 https://www.weathernationtv.com/news/battling-wildfires-sky-water-vs-retardant/ https://greensciencepolicy.org/topics/flame-retardants/ https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/natural-disasters/wildfires/ https://www.nps.gov/articles/wildfire-causes-and-evaluation.htm https://www.livescience.com/63458-wildfires.html https://www.firelab.org/ https://www.domyown.com/msds/Phos-Chek_LC-95W_MSDS.pdf https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/11/us/california-ranch-wildfire-wasp-nest.html https://oceana.org/blog/wildfires-aren%E2%80%99t-just-land-thing-smoke-and-ash-can-choke-ocean-too https://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/9675690-181/spark-from-hammer-metal-stake Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 31 - Can a Fecal Transplant Save You From This Dangerous Bacteria?

6 août 2019

Every year around half a million people in the United States get sick from the bacterium C. diff, often after taking antibiotics. Sound counterintuitive? This week on Reactions we break down why that happens, and how an unlikely hero could save the day. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: Why Does Coffee Make You Poop? https://youtu.be/JQO6VgqdM9I But Could CBD Make You Fail a Drug Test? https://youtu.be/BzmZ_sb5dZk The Spacefaring Power of Pee https://youtu.be/w6x54zYuqXk How Pee Brought You The Modern World https://youtu.be/BTFw5g0WzJ8 How Pee Helped Win the Revolutionary War (Maybe...) - July 4th Special Episode https://youtu.be/45fNvmdUrI8 Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific Consultants: Margaret Riley, Ph.D. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Sources: https://www-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.proxy.campbell.edu/pmc/articles/PMC6018983/ https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/c-difficile/symptoms-causes/syc-20351691 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/02/190205102515.htm https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/clostridium-difficile-an-intestinal-infection-on-the-rise https://www.aacc.org/publications/cln/articles/2018/november/diagnosis-of-c,-d-,-difficile https://www.nature.com/articles/nature25178 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5744170/ https://www.cdc.gov/cdiff/clinicians/faq.html https://www.cdc.gov/sepsis/index.html https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4976693/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4885049/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6089486/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6805065 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27959316 https://micro.cornell.edu/research/epulopiscium/bacterial-endospores/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6335148/ https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/safety-availability-biologics/important-safety-alert-regarding-use-fecal-microbiota-transplantation-and-risk-serious-adverse Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 32 - What Exactly Happened at Chernobyl?

15 août 2019

On April 26, 1986, in modern day Ukraine, the Soviet Union’s Chernobyl Power Complex nuclear reactor 4 exploded. This week on Reactions, we talk about the chemistry behind this catastrophic event. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: How to Survive a Real-Life "Fallout" https://youtu.be/J8rVCVv8PeQ How Does Chemotherapy Treat Breast Cancer? https://youtu.be/QcgnVuRx20s Can Radiation Give You Superpowers? https://youtu.be/GbmSmgTIQ8s Do Astronauts Need Sunscreen? https://youtu.be/MV5PGjWl2Yc What Are Isotopes? | Chemistry Basics https://youtu.be/GyviEsmrVp0 Credits: Producer: Andrew Sobey Writer: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific Consultants: Roger N. Blomquist, Ph.D. Michael P. Short, Ph.D., Najmedin Meshkati, Ph.D., Harry Elston, Ph.D. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: Deep Space Dissolves By Si Phelps, Neologist Sources: https://www.compoundchem.com/2016/04/26/nuclear-reactors/ http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/safety-and-security/safety-of-plants/appendices/chernobyl-accident-appendix-1-sequence-of-events.aspx http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-power-reactors/appendices/rbmk-reactors.aspx http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/safety-and-security/safety-of-plants/chernobyl-accident.aspx http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/NucEne/xenon.html https://www.unscear.org/unscear/en/chernobyl.html https://www.belfercenter.org/publication/thirty-three-years-catastrophe-chernobyl-universal-lesson-global-nuclear-power-industry https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1468-5973.12078 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 33 - Don't Mix These 5 Things with Birth Control!

21 août 2019

Many forms of birth control are hormone-based--but not everything mixes well with those hormones. This week on Reactions, learn about some common products that could make your birth control less effective or cause dangerous side effects. If you have any concerns, be sure to consult your doctor. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: How Do Pregnancy Tests Work? https://youtu.be/jc2_iBZ9r_k Could CBD Make You Fail a Drug Test? https://youtu.be/BzmZ_sb5dZk 4 Amazing Science Facts about Pregnancy https://youtu.be/Gnqjh-L4e9g What Causes PMS? https://youtu.be/W5BvYvyfarw Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific Consultants: Carolyn Westhoff, MD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: Cadillac Candy Sam Leopard - Secret Bass Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27444983 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28885074 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01639/full https://www.womenshealthmag.com/health/a19904120/drinking-charcoal/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5796810/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10368521 https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/combination-birth-control-pills/about/pac-20385282 https://www.healthyhorns.utexas.edu/HT/HT_diarrhea.html https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28562816 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/09/150918132654.htm https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.020084 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2960241 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8631189 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3589309/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9723817?dopt=Abstract https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/pill-and-womens-liberation-movement/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2928253/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16112414 https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/grapefruit-juice-and-some-drugs-dont-mix https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8637557 https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1513/pats.200407-038MS https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20594045 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/192860 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 34 - How Much Does a Cloud Weigh?

5 septembre 2019

PBSDS Survey: https://www.pbsresearch.org/c/r/Reactions_YTvideo Imagine 300 midsize cars floating above your head--that’s how much your average fluffy cloud weighs. So why doesn’t it come crashing down on you? This week on Reactions we explore the chemistry behind how a cloud stays lofted in the sky and how it got there in the first place. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: Why Are We Dumping Fertilizer on Forest Fires? https://youtu.be/fNGq8hEuNb8 What's That After-Rain Smell Made Of? https://youtu.be/2txpbrjnLiY That Fresh Cut Grass Scent is Really a Signal of Distress https://youtu.be/suGk8eZyN34 What Causes the Northern Lights (and where you should see them) https://youtu.be/8S_LPFOa-zs Why is Carbon the Key to Life? (On Earth, Anyway) https://youtu.be/VUiDwrM2YPI Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific Consultants: Ricky Potter, M.S. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: Lancartis - Disco Funk Sources: https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/how-much-does-a-cloud-weigh?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-do-clouds-float-when/ https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/stories/nasa-knows/what-are-clouds-k4.html https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-019-0310-1 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050918318921 https://theconversation.com/six-clouds-you-should-know-about-and-what-they-can-reveal-about-the-weather-93402 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 35 - Is Superhero Strength Real?

10 septembre 2019

You’ve probably heard stories about mothers lifting cars to save their baby trapped underneath--but is that just an urban myth? This week on Reactions we talk about “superhero strength” and the chemistry behind what’s possible. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: Can Radiation Give You Superpowers? https://youtu.be/GbmSmgTIQ8s What Happens When You Overdose? https://youtu.be/xLSz3wEgwJ8 The Science of the Avengers https://youtu.be/Gr3ov7R89Xo How Does Protein Build Muscle? https://youtu.be/L5-tKciXEG8 Does Melatonin Do Anything? https://youtu.be/qjUKsW93qRU Genetically Modified Humans? CRISPR/Cas 9 Explained https://youtu.be/5gQGWJraptU Credits: Producer: Melissa Salpietra Writer: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific Consultants: David Weinshenker, Ph.D. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: Adventure Theme - YouTube Audio Library Hero in Peril - YouTube Audio Library Saving the World - YouTube Audio Library 7th Floor Tango - Silent Partner Sources: Understanding stress response https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/understanding-the-stress-response Extreme fear and superhuman strength https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/extreme-fear-superhuman/ Gut-Brain Axis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27512962 Adrenomedullary response to maximal stress in humans. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6496531 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20817354 Science and Practice of Strength Training https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236454948_Science_and_Practice_of_Strength_Training Epinephrine https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29489283 Our brain’s adaptation to stress https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17615391 Circulating catecholamines https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25589262 Endorphins in fight or flight https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5802279/ Endorphins and morphine https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3104618/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 36 - We Tested Google’s Tips for Getting Stains Out of Your Clothes. You’re Welcome.

18 septembre 2019

Stained your shirt but don’t have time for a spin cycle? Your first impulse is probably to whip out your phone and start Googling. But how reliable are the quick stain removal tips you come across? This week on Reactions, we try out a bunch of those tips and consider the chemistry behind why some are more effective than others. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: Can Silver Nanoparticles Combat Your Stink? https://youtu.be/3UcnYMFTzFQ How Does Double Acting Baking Powder... Doubly Act? https://youtu.be/f16wezzHPzg Can Mixing Cleaning Chemicals Kill You? https://youtu.be/FH1h0oWjark DIY Cleaning Hacks (Chemistry Life Hacks Vol. 6) https://youtu.be/rM86Y810fTA Credits: Producer: Andrew Sobey Writer: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific Consultants: Peter J. Hauser, Ph.D. Karen Leonas, Ph.D. Mary Johnson, M.S. Brianne Raccor, Ph.D. Michelle Boucher, Ph.D. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: The Little Pedant — Adam Saunders, Mark Stephen Cousins Hurry Up — Julien Renaud Vega Happy Go Lively — Syd Dale Sources: https://chem.ku.edu/sites/chem.ku.edu/files/docs/CHEM190/stain_removal.pdf https://fleming.ca.uky.edu/files/stain_removal.pdf https://www.compoundchem.com/2015/06/18/stain-removal/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11124171 https://www.teenvogue.com/story/how-to-clean-period-stains https://www.today.com/home/how-remove-blood-stains-clothes-furniture-t104470 https://www.onegoodthingbyjillee.com/how-to-remove-blood-stains/ https://www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/general-science-you-asked/hydrogen-peroxide-bodys-best-defence-system https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC423343/ https://www.thekitchn.com/quick-tip-the-best-way-to-get-grease-stains-out-of-clothes-100069 https://www.wikihow.com/Remove-Grease-from-Clothes https://dawn-dish.com/en-us/how-to-clean/grease-stains-from-laundry https://www.wikihow.com/Remove-Grease-from-Clothes Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 37 - Space Mirrors and Other Weird Ways to Fight Climate Change

25 septembre 2019

Check out Hot Mess: http://bit.ly/HotMessPBSDS There are things you can do right now to help our climate--like investing in renewable energy. But today on Reactions, we're digging into a few of the weirdest climate change-combating ideas out there. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: How Much Does a Cloud Weigh? https://youtu.be/a2GvzsaOncE Why Are We Dumping Fertilizer on Forest Fires? https://youtu.be/fNGq8hEuNb8 Can We Make Ocean Water Drinkable -- and Should We? https://youtu.be/q16qpo99JEE Vertical Farming https://youtu.be/rEw-VfFkUik Cow Burps Are Warming the Planet https://youtu.be/MnRFUSGz_ZM Yellowstone and Their Steaming Acid Pools of Death https://youtu.be/OqP50563IDM Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Samantha Jones, Ph.D. Scientific Consultants: Richard B. Rivkin, Ph.D., Bess Ward, Ph.D., Joan Pau Sanchez Cuartielles, Ph.D., Katie Dagon, Ph.D., David A Hutchins, Ph.D. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Music: SON - Investigation A Sources: Solar mirrors https://mare.lawrencehallofscience.org/sites/mare.lawrencehallofscience.org/files/images/S4_Teach_Learn_2015%20%281%29.pdf https://www.pnas.org/content/103/46/17184 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4550401/ https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2006/10/sunshade-planet-earth https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2016EF000454 https://www.livescience.com/22202-space-mirrors-global-warming.html https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/1999GL006086 Iron seeding https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article/61/10/840/258512 https://www.nature.com/news/iron-dumping-ocean-experiment-sparks-controversy-1.22031 https://science.sciencemag.org/content/319/5860/162.abstract Seaweed http://www.publish.csiro.au/an/AN15576 https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0085289 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10811-014-0487-z https://research.csiro.au/futurefeed/ https://theconversation.com/seaweed-could-hold-the-key-to-cutting-methane-emissions-from-cow-burps-66498 https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/13616/7/silwer_h_180726.pdf Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 38 - How to Make Magnetic Slime

9 octobre 2019

PBSDS Survey: https://www.pbsresearch.org/c/r/Reactions_YTvideo This week on Reactions our writer, Sam, skips work to make some slime! Check it out to learn how you, too, can use easy-to-get items to make magnetic and colored slime. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: The Chemistry of Hollywood Fake Blood https://youtu.be/8OC5rji1stI How Does Glassblowing Work? https://youtu.be/HkLpAw9u-UU How Does Pepper Spray Work? https://youtu.be/QFPxj4CcXp0 How to Get Rid of Skunk Smell https://youtu.be/7i_NGMV63HQ Credits: Producer: Andrew Sobey Writer: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific Consultants: Alicia McGeachy, PhD, Michelle Boucher, PhD, Brianne Raccor, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Production Manager: Hilary Hudson Music: Simple Pleasures Bob Bradley & Christopher Shaun Wonfor Sources: ACS video on slime https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/adventures-in-chemistry/experiments/slime.html Where people go wrong making slime http://sustainable-nano.com/2018/07/20/slime-time/#refs C&EN Periodic Graphic with Compound Chemistry https://cen.acs.org/education/Periodic-Graphics-chemistry-slime/96/i25 PVA https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128134474000029 Ferromagnetism https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780080965321013029 Borax https://chem.libretexts.org/Under_Construction/Walker/Chemicals/Substance%3AB/Borax Polymer science https://www.journals.elsevier.com/progress-in-polymer-science Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 39 - How Do Blacksmiths Make Swords?

16 octobre 2019

This week on Reactions we head to Portland, Oregon, and learn how blacksmithing is just as much chemistry as it is an artform. Arnon Kartmazov of Bridgetown Forge shows us how blacksmiths make swords. This video was created in celebration of this year’s National Chemistry Week theme: Marvelous Metals. Learn more about it here: http://www.acs.org/ncw Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: Game of Thrones Science: Sword Making and Valyrian Steel https://youtu.be/cHRcGoje4j4 Why Does Metal Rust? - Reactions Q&A https://youtu.be/B_em0quwuSw Why is Carbon the Key to Life? (On Earth, Anyway) https://youtu.be/VUiDwrM2YPI How Does Glassblowing Work? https://youtu.be/HkLpAw9u-UU We Tested Google’s Tips for Getting Stains Out of Your Clothes. You’re Welcome. https://youtu.be/flSgUCMZjfo Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Samantha Jones, Ph.D. Scientific Consultants: Hatem Zurob, Ph.D. Abdallah Elsayed, Ph.D. Junling Hu, Ph.D., Michelle Boucher, PhD, Brianne Raccor, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Production Manager: Hilary Hudson Music: Sources: D block chemistry https://books.google.com/books?id=lUvAanKanaYC&pg=RA34-PT1&lpg=RA34-PT1&dq=blacksmithing+chemistry&source=bl&ots=7Xc78YWLJg&sig=ACfU3U0LT6XJYZwzZeGe2gzp7W2FVcj1JA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjJtJ-mncTkAhVHjlkKHdJaAOQQ6AEwDnoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=blacksmithing%20chemistry&f=false Ironmaking https://www.learner.org/courses/chemistry/text/text.html?dis=U&num=Ym5WdElURS9OQ289&sec=Ym5WdElUQS9OaW89 Fabrication of a Bronze-Age Sword https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11837-016-2105-9 Heat treat colors for steel https://www.productionmachining.com/articles/heat-treat-colors-for-steel Tempering colors https://pmpaspeakingofprecision.com/2010/07/14/temper-colors-for-steel/ The Sword of the Samurai https://www.abebooks.com/first-edition/Katana-Sword-Samurai-950-1877-Weapon-Stephen/4265719339/bd Spectral Characteristics of Grinding Sparks Used for Identification of Scrap Metals https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/10710 Study on the Mechanism of Carbon Steel Sparks https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331983775_Study_on_the_Mechanism_of_Carbon_Steel_Sparks Guide to Historic Iron & Steel Structures http://www.sparksengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2015/10/Spark-Test-for-Iron-Steel.pdf THE UTILITY OF THE SPARK TEST AS APPLIED TO COMMERCIAL STEELS https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/jres/11/jresv11n4p527_A2b.pdf Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 40 - Where Did the Vampire Lore Come From?

31 octobre 2019

Check out Monstrum: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCO6nDCimkF79NZRRb8YiDcA Halloween season wouldn’t be what it is without the undead. This week on Reactions, we unpack the chemistry that may have inspired one of our favorites: the vampire. When you think “vampire” some of today’s most popular vampires might come to mind. Attractive bloodsuckers with pale, sometimes sparkling skin. But in the 18th and 19th centuries, when European vampire lore first really took off, they were a bit more...morose and, instead of that crystal-clear skin, they appeared kind of sickly with a reddish complexion. Vampires were often depicted as men from poor, rural areas, who, after dying--often from diseases like the plague--would emerge from their coffins to wreak havoc on a nearby town, sucking the blood of humans, turning them into vampires as well. So how did this folklore come about? Possibly...disease. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: How Survive a Zombie Apocalypse with Death Cologne https://youtu.be/SUEjmyisz7c What Happens When You're About to Die? https://youtu.be/W7tc-YNpId8 The Chemistry of Hollywood Fake Blood https://youtu.be/8OC5rji1stI How Much Candy Would Kill You? https://youtu.be/RNOycTzN-fg Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Samantha Jones, Ph.D. Scientific Consultants: Scott Norton, Ph.D. Rodney Willoughby, Ph.D. Kristin Omberg, Ph.D., Hans Plugge, Ph.D., Leila Duman, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Production Manager: Hilary Hudson Music: Sources: Immunity of fleas https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0145305X19300746?via%3Dihub Fleas and plague https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8993858 Plague history https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2194748/ Fleas and potential for bioterrorism https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/esm.09.12.00501-en Lyme borreliosis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5539539/ Medicinal leeches https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21206115 Clinical use of leeches http://www.jpgmonline.com/article.asp?issn=0022-3859;year=2011;volume=57;issue=1;spage=65;epage=71;aulast=Porshinsky#ref2 Bed bugs and pathogens https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27295087 Bed bug pheromones https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/anie.201409890 Vampire bats and rabies https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24784570 The vampire in medical perspective: myth or malady? https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/article/107/11/945/2890493 Rabies and vampire lore https://n.neurology.org/content/51/3/856 Tick saliva https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.0050043 Hydrophobia and rabies https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6293146/ Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 41 - World’s Deadliest (& Cutest) Animals

6 novembre 2019

To explore the music theory, production, history and culture behind our favorite songs and musical styles, check out Sound Field from PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/soundfieldpbs Don’t let their cuteness fool you--these animals are not to be messed with. This week on Reactions we break down the chemistry behind what makes these adorable critters deadly. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: Does Peeing on a Jellyfish Sting Make it Stop Hurting? https://youtu.be/KDj2t4-bn1g How to Get Rid of Skunk Smell https://youtu.be/7i_NGMV63HQ Why Are Birds Different Colors? https://youtu.be/L_H1NC5sN50 Chameleons Are Masters of Nanotechnology https://youtu.be/OfxApSZ5bCM The Chemistry of Cats https://youtu.be/6_C9i-2QGeU Credits: Producer: Andrew Sobey Writer: Samantha Jones, Ph.D. Scientific Consultants: Leila Duman, Ph.D., Michelle Boucher, Ph.D., Bryan Fry, Ph.D., Diane Brinkman, Ph.D., Katherine Belov, Ph.D., Becky Williams, Ph.D. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Production Manager: Hilary Hudson Music: Cute Marc Durst Night Groove Gerry Shury, Frank Mc Donald, Chris Rae Sources: Slow loris is a venomous animal https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30764557 Slow loris toxin https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12590298 Biochemistry, ecology and evolution of slow loris venom https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24074353 Anaphylactic shock following the bite of a wild Kayan slow loris https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25309586 Uteroglobin family https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11193777 Box jelly transcriptome https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26014501 Box jelly biochemistry https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19232527 New box jelly venom antidote https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-09681-1 Box jelly venom is hemolytic https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4226504/ Tetrodotoxin https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4626696/ Tetrodotoxin analogues https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3942760/ Cephalopod ink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4052311/ Marine antivenoms https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1081/CLT-120021115 Blue ringed octopus toxicity https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6563023/ Tetrodotoxin-producing bacteria https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF00391147 Venom evolution and identification in the platypus https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4014732/ C-type natriuretic peptide https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3605774/ Dose and time dependence of box jellyfish antivenom https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4144694/ Tetrodotoxin for pain https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3296997/ Tetrodotoxin clinical trial https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-06/jtcc-pnm062613.php Tetrodotoxin levels in pufferfish (Lagocephalus sceleratus) caught in the Northeastern Mediterranean Sea. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27211655 Slow loris parasite https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6031959/ Spheroidine (Compound) https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Spheroidine#section=Ecological-Information Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 42 - The Science of J. Kenji López-Alt's Roasted Potato Recipe

22 novembre 2019

In the mood for more food science? Check out PBS Digital Studios’ newest show--Serving Up Science! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClJ8BxAuS5hDlTnlZoDPV5w Making delicious roasted potatoes is all about finding the right texture and consistency. Here at Reactions, we were inspired to give it a go after seeing J. Kenji Lopez-Alt’s delicious recipe on Serious Eats. Today we’ll use chemistry (are you surprised?!) to create the roasted potatoes of your dreams. Get ready to wow your family and friends this holiday season. Special thanks to Serious Eats and J. Kenji Lopez-Alt. Check out the original recipe here: https://www.seriouseats.com/2016/12/the-food-lab-the-best-roast-potatoes-ever.html Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: How to Fry a Thanksgiving Turkey Without Burning Your House Down https://youtu.be/t9Dhhxnvt2Y What's the Best Way to Cook Pasta? https://youtu.be/gSOnxUBJs8A What Happens When You Eat Too Much? https://youtu.be/7VJ4cRWCpDw How Does Cooking Affect Nutrients in Veggies? https://youtu.be/6hFxSJcq-KU Frying Your Way to Better Chicken https://youtu.be/Vjj2OJBOQ_0 Why Can’t You Buy *Fresh* Olives? https://youtu.be/oStoeHntfG8 Credits: Producer: Andrew Sobey Writer: Samantha Jones, Ph.D. Scientific Consultants: Matt Hartings, Ph.D., Ryan Elias, Ph.D., Robin Spelbrink, Ph.D., Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Production Manager: Hilary Hudson Music: Sources: Best roast potatoes from serious eats https://www.seriouseats.com/2016/12/the-food-lab-the-best-roast-potatoes-ever.html Improving potato nutrition with processing https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3650506/ Vinegar roast potatoes https://www.goodtoknow.co.uk/food/food-news/jamie-oliver-perfect-roast-potatoes-vinegar-trick-277885 Cooking treatments and potatoes https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12230-010-9150-7 The influence of potato chemical composition on crisp texture https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814601002606 The texture of crisps depended on the content of starch in potato tubers and nitrogen substances and non-starch polysaccharides. Among non-starch polysaccharides, protopectins had the most important influence on crisp texture. Comparison of potato amylopectin starches and potato starches — influence of year and variety https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0144861701001746 Survey of Major and Minor Sugar and Starch Components of the White Potato https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/jf60045a006 The determination of the cooking quality of potatoes https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF02886108 The perfect potato https://www.potatogoodness.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Potato-Types-Brochure.pdf Best for mashed potatoes https://www.thekitchn.com/the-best-potatoes-for-mashing-ingredient-intelligence-212974 Potato varieties https://www.cooksillustrated.com/how_tos/5404-potato-varieties Encyclopedia of Food Sciences and Nutrition https://www.sciencedirect.com/referencework/9780122270550/encyclopedia-of-food-sciences-and-nutrition Effect of Acid Hydrolysis on Starch Structure and Functionality: A Review https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10408398.2012.684551?journalCode=bfsn20 Potato Starch Paste Behavior as Related to Some Physical/Chemical Properties https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1994.tb05583.x The synergistic effects of amylose and phosphorus on rheological, thermal and nutritional properties of potato starch and gel https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814611009769 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 43 - Can You Cryogenically Freeze Your Body and Come Back to Life?

27 novembre 2019

When you die, there are a lot of things you can do with your dead body--embalm it, cremate it, donate it to science (the list goes on…), but some people will choose to have their dead bodies, or body parts, frozen until the technology of the future has (hopefully) advanced enough to bring them back to life. This week on Reactions, we break down the chemistry of cryogenic freezing and if it’s realistic to think we could ever reanimate a frozen corpse. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: Why Don’t Antarctic Fish Freeze to Death? https://youtu.be/k4gKYyXgX5g How to Survive the Snow and Ice https://youtu.be/KOtVJxQXBNM The Cold Truth About Fat https://youtu.be/p-yVmpQoDTk How Does Salt Melt Ice? https://youtu.be/JkhWV2uaHaA Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Samantha Jones, Ph.D. Scientific Consultants: Leila Duman, Ph.D. Michelle Boucher, Ph.D., Joe Schwarcz, Ph.D., Michael Swain, Ph.D., David H. Gorski, M.D./Ph.D., João Pedro de Magalhaes, Ph.D., David Sherwood, Ph.D. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: Sonoton Vanguard - Crawling Speed Sonton Vanguard - Components A AXS - Dark Alley Sonton Vanguard - Let's Think Big William Tell Overture Sources: General cryopreservation principles https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18080461 Corpse cryopreservation and forensics https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30896124 The church of cryopreservation https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3328518/ The false science of cryonics https://www.technologyreview.com/s/541311/the-false-science-of-cryonics/ The case for cryonics https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25717141 Euthanasia and cryothanasia https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28786175 Cryopreservation and its clinical applications https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5395684/ Cryopreservation: An emerging paradigm change https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2781087/ Fish antifreeze protein and the freezing and recrystallization of ice. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6700733 Antifreeze and ice nucleator proteins in terrestrial arthropods. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11181959 Cryoprotectant Toxicity: Facts, Issues, and Questions https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4620521/ Scientific justification for cryonics https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18321197 Cryopreserving mammalian cells https://assets.thermofisher.com/TFS-Assets/LSG/Application-Notes/D19575.pdf Persistence of Long-Term Memory in Vitrified and Revived Caenorhabditis elegans https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4620520/ An Interneuronal Chemoreceptor Required for Olfactory Imprinting in C. elegans https://science.sciencemag.org/content/309/5735/787.long Maintenance of C. elegans http://www.wormbook.org/chapters/www_strainmaintain/strainmaintain.html Expression of Ice-Binding Proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans Improves the Survival Rate upon Cold Shock and during Freezing https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-42650-8 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership Freezing frogs https://www.livescience.com/32175-can-frogs-survive-being-frozen.html#:~:targetText=There%20are%20five%20known%20species,and%20the%20western%20chorus%20frog

Épisode 44 - How Miracle Berries Alter Your Taste Buds (feat. @physicsgirl @eons @TwoCentsPBS @pbsspacetime)

4 décembre 2019

We gave Physics Girl, Space Time, Above the Noise, and Two Cents some miracle berry pills and lemons, tabasco sauce, tomatoes, and a bunch of other random foods, to figure out if this miraculous taste-modifying protein has any limits. Also, we needed a good excuse to make Eon's host Kallie Moore eat a tomato. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: You Can Taste Garlic with Your Feet!? https://youtu.be/qiM3kZWPZtA Why Do Things Taste Sweet? https://youtu.be/FaBFyEa8-eI What Happens When You Eat Too Much? https://youtu.be/7VJ4cRWCpDw Why Does Toothpaste Make Orange Juice Taste Bad? https://youtu.be/9X5_gtel-c0 Frying Your Way to Better Chicken https://youtu.be/Vjj2OJBOQ_0 Why Can’t You Buy *Fresh* Olives? https://youtu.be/oStoeHntfG8 Credits: Producer: Melissa Salpietra Host/Writer: George Zaidan Scientific Consultants: Steven D. Munger, Ph.D., Yuzo Ninomiya, Ph.D. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: Bongo Madness Alandra Lightflower Jones - Strike it up Sources: Mechanism of the Action of Taste-modifying Protein https://www.nature.com/articles/2221176a0 Human sweet taste receptor mediates acid-induced sweetness of miraculin https://www.pnas.org/content/108/40/16819 Intracellular acidification is required for full activation of the sweet taste receptor by miraculin https://www.nature.com/articles/srep22807 Sour-To-Sweet Miracle Mechanism Revealed https://cen.acs.org/articles/89/i40/SourSweet-Miracle-Mechanism-Revealed.html Taking A Trip Down Sensory Lane https://cen.acs.org/articles/88/i21/Taking-Trip-Down-Sensory-Lane.html Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 46 - Cartoon Chemistry!

13 décembre 2019

Are bananas actually that slippery? Could spinach give you superhuman strength? And what the heck is Toon Acid? This week, watch some cartoons alongside our writer and host, Sam Jones, and learn whether their chemistry checks out. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: The Chemistry of Love https://youtu.be/bp7Ydv5wAPk Can You Cryogenically Freeze Your Body and Come Back to Life? https://youtu.be/Wk2NxBYCe6s The Chemistry of Hollywood Fake Blood https://youtu.be/8OC5rji1stI Nerding out on Star Wars Science https://youtu.be/3c8HrdyXEKk The Case Against Santa Wearing a Flame Retardant Suit https://youtu.be/D7qk_1BdUOw Is Superhero Strength Real? https://youtu.be/V6JlG0PGWEc Credits: Producer: Andrew Sobey Writer: Samantha Jones, Ph.D. Scientific Consultants: Joe Schwarcz, Ph.D. Michael Swain, Ph.D., Leila Duman, Ph.D. Brianne Raccor, Ph.D. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: Steven B. Shapiro—Clown Town Sources: Who Framed Roger Rabbit behind the scenes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=60hCE3ld9yA Vitamin deficiencies https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6775441/ NIH vitamin A fact sheet https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-Consumer/ Friction and other aspects of the surface behavior of woven fabrics https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781845695149500132 Ig Nobel for banana slipping https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405451816300253?via%3Dihub#bib5 Frictional coefficient under banana skin https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/trol/7/3/7_147/_article The half-life of facts https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/309825/the-half-life-of-facts-by-samuel-arbesman/9781591846512/ The popeye spinach legend was fake https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1507475/pdf/bmjcred00690-0047.pdf Iron in spinach https://www.compoundchem.com/2018/07/17/spinach/ Was the “decimal point error” real? https://www5.in.tum.de/~huckle/Sutton_Spinach_Iron_and_Popeye_March_2010.pdf USFDA Iron https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/168462/nutrients How the spinach, Popeye and iron decimal point error myth was finally bust http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/30230/1/7987_Sutton.pdf NIH tox net terpentine: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@term+@DOCNO+204 Benzene https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Benzene Acetone https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/molecule-of-the-week/archive/a/acetone.html Monkeys, Myths and Molecules https://books.google.com/books?id=pEclBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT207&lpg=PT207&dq=popeye+ever+mentioned+iron&source=bl&ots=rEcBrOIrWm&sig=ACfU3U1dTIWMAYW9x_g28DezTZRBxjVunA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiuwpqu5ZHlAhXCxlkKHXh6Dbo4ChDoATADegQICRAB#v=onepage&q=popeye%20ever%20mentioned%20iron&f=false Cel Vinyls: Materials and Methods https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6677644 Mental Floss on Who Framed Roger Rabbit http://mentalfloss.com/article/62910/15-things-you-might-not-know-about-who-framed-roger-rabbit Who Framed Roger Rabbit Film Review https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/016059761003400107 Ecdysteroids as non-conventional anabolic agent: performance enhancement by ecdysterone supplementation in humans https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00204-019-02490-x Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 47 - 11 Things You Can Do With Your Dead Body

18 décembre 2019

After you die, your body has quite a few options –– from being turned into a diamond to helping solve a murder. This week, let us break down the possibilities so you can rest easy. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: What Happens When You're About to Die? https://youtu.be/W7tc-YNpId8 What Happens to Your Body When You Die? https://youtu.be/BpuTLnSr_20 What Happens When You Overdose? https://youtu.be/xLSz3wEgwJ8 The Top 5 Strangest Poisons That Can Kill You https://youtu.be/4hQ0G0GaYR8 How Much Candy Would Kill You? https://youtu.be/RNOycTzN-fg Credits: Producer: Kirk Zamieroski Writer: Samantha Jones, Ph.D. Scientific Consultants: Leila Duman, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD, Sarah Ellingham, PhD Andrew Ishida, PhD Brian Frey, PhD. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: Sources: Human body preservation – old and new techniques https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/joa.12160 Lenin’s embalmed body https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/lenin-mausoleum-moscow/index.html Lincoln’s embalming http://theconversation.com/how-lincolns-embrace-of-embalming-birthed-the-american-funeral-industry-86196 Arsenic toxicity https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3183630/ Encyclopedia of mortuary practices https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3fb1/19f2bd6276f76522b192a63077a5f6019f68.pdf Modernity in medicine and hygiene at the end of the 19th century: the example of cremation https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4140318/ Burnt human remains https://www.dovepress.com/forensic-investigation-of-burnt-human-remains-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-RRFMS Body Worlds Plastination https://bodyworlds.com/plastination/plastination-technique/ Human composting https://www.businessinsider.com/washington-state-human-compost-bodies-into-soil-2019-5 Mercury in dental amalgam https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6555253/ Cremation air pollution https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412009002050?via%3Dihub Compounds released into the air by cremation https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5931459/ The final discharge: Quantifying contaminants in embalming process effluents discharged to sewers in Ontario, Canada. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31265958 The Lenin Lab https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/may/09/lenin-lab-team-keeping-first-soviet-leader-embalmed-moscow Cost of preserving Lenin’s body https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-36035076 Cremation rates in the US https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/cremation-rates-reach-all-time-high-us-180964478/#:~:targetText=According%20to%20a%20new%20report,from%2045.4%20percent%20in%202015. NFDA Cremation and Burial Report Shows Rate of Cremation at All-time High https://www.nfda.org/news/media-center/nfda-news-releases/id/2511/nfda-cremation-and-burial-report-shows-rate-of-cremation-at-all-time-high PubChem formaldehyde https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/hsdb/164 Formaldehyde crosslinking: a tool for the study of chromatin complexes. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26354429 Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 1 - Which of These Mushrooms Could Kill You?

24 décembre 2019

There are tens of thousands of mushroom species out there, and some of them could kill you. Today we’re going to test how well you can separate the perfectly safe from the perilously poisonous, and dive into the chemistry behind what makes seemingly identical species so different. Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Credits: Producer: Elaine Seward Writer: Samantha Jones, Ph.D. Scientific Consultants: Leila Duman, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD, Jianping Xu, PhD Kathie Hodge, PhD Executive Producer: George Zaidan Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Sources: New Insight into Mycochemical Profiles and Antioxidant Potential of Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms: A Review https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31002608 Antioxidants of edible mushrooms https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26516828 Edible mushrooms as a ubiquitous source of essential fatty acids https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31554069 Anti-inflammatory properties of edible mushrooms: A review https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29146352 Mushroom toxicity https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537111/ New Studies on Hallucinogenic Mushrooms: History, Diversity, and Applications in Psychiatry. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26853956 Metabolism of psilocybin and psilocin: clinical and forensic toxicological relevance https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03602532.2016.1278228?journalCode=idmr20 NF-κB signaling in inflammation https://www.nature.com/articles/sigtrans201723 Compound Chemistry: The Chemistry of Mushroom Poisons https://i0.wp.com/www.compoundchem.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Chemistry-of-Mushrooms.png alpha-Amatoxin https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/alpha-Amatoxin Muscarine https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/9308 Atropine https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470551/ Muscarinic Toxicity Among Family Members After Consumption of Mushrooms https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3702120/ Psilocybin induces schizophrenia-like psychosis in humans via a serotonin-2 agonist action https://insights.ovid.com/crossref?an=00001756-199812010-00024 Amatoxin Mushroom Toxicity https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431052/ Traditional knowledge and use of wild mushrooms by Mixtecs or Ñuu savi, the people of the rain, from Southeastern Mexico https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5011354/ Gyromitra Mushroom Toxicity https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470580/ The antioxidant activities of alkalic-extractable polysaccharides from Coprinus comatus on alcohol-induced liver injury in mice https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-30104-6 Consumption of Coprinus comatus polysaccharide extract causes recovery of alcoholic liver damage in rats. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24597653 Mushrooms, Coprine https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123864543007545 Amanita muscaria (fly agaric): from a shamanistic hallucinogen to the search for acetylcholine. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29741535 Muscarine - mushroom hunting can be a dangerous sport https://natoxaq.ku.dk/toxin-of-the-week/muscarine/ Mushroom toxins https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123704672501693 Amanita phalloides mushroom poisoning https://www.jstor.org/stable/24248106?read-now=1&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Edible and Poisonous Fungi, 1924 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/003591572501802204 Magic Mushroom Drug Evolved to Mess with Insect Brains https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/artful-amoeba/magic-mushroom-drug-evolved-to-mess-with-insect-brains/ The whiff of danger https://www.nature.com/articles/4371248a Mushroom warning odors https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/497399?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Horizontal gene cluster transfer increased hallucinogenic mushroom diversity https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/evl3.42 Mushroom poisoning epidemiology in the United States https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00275514.2018.1479561?journalCode=umyc20 Amanita phalloides Mushroom Poisonings — Northern California, December 2016 https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6621a1.htm Acute Liver Failure Caused by Amanita phalloides Poisoning https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3395149/ Methylhydrazine https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Methylhydrazine Modulation of Monomethylhydrazine-Induced Seizures by Ivermectin https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1853361-modulation-of-monomethylhydrazine-induced-seizures-by-ivermectin/?from_term=monomethylhydrazine&from_pos=2 Amanita muscaria: chemistry, biology, toxicology, and ethnomycology https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0953756208611582 NAMA Mushroom Poisoning Syndromes https://namyco.org/mushroom_poisoning_syndromes.php#coprine Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 2 - The US Military Gave Out Shark Repellent For Years. . . So Why Did They Stop?

10 janvier 2020

Download the PBS Video App: https://www.pbs.org/pbs-video-app/ People have been developing different forms of shark repellent for decades--the military even issued a chemical shark repellent called “Shark Chaser” to pilots, sailors, and astronauts(!) from the end of World War II through the start of the Vietnam War. Thing is… it didn’t really work. Learn why they bothered passing it out--or even created it in the first place. Credits: Producer: Andrew Sobey Writer: Samantha Jones, Ph.D. Scientific Consultants: Leila Duman, PhD, Michelle Boucher, PhD, Joseph Sisneros, Ph.D. Eric M. Stroud, Ph.D. Executive Producer: George Zaidan Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson Music: Atmospheres Darkened—Oliver Adam Spink & Christopher Timothy White Sources: Natural Product-Based Biopesticides for Insect Control https://tinyurl.com/yx3huljj A DIGEST OF THE LITERATURE OF DERRIS (DEGUELIA) SPECIES USED AS INSECTICIDES, 1747-1931 https://naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/CAT87205491/PDF STUDY OF THE TOXICITY OF TOXICAROL...USING THE GOLDFISH AS THE TEST ANIMAL. Jour. Amer. Chem. Soc. 53: 1897-1901. 1931. Removing Fish from Ponds with Rotenone https://tinyurl.com/veqabku Insecticides https://tinyurl.com/sgf9bcj Naval Research Reviews https://tinyurl.com/u325cvr International Shark Attack File https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/shark-attacks/ Grunt: The Curious Science of Humans at War, by Mary Roach https://wwnorton.com/books/Grunt Shark Senses and Shark Repellents https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1749-4877.12095 Anti-Shark Suit https://tinyurl.com/uocw76v Surfactants as chemical shark repellents: past, present, and future https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-017-3245-1_9 The effectiveness of sodium lauryl sulphate as a shark repellent in a laboratory test situation https://tinyurl.com/wx56mve Shark Repellents From The Sea: New Perspectives https://tinyurl.com/u5hvcb4 The Allure of Natural Shark Repellent https://tinyurl.com/tlx88zq From the CIA: Julia Child and the OSS Recipe for Shark Repellent https://tinyurl.com/oxl2ard Shark Chaser Report 1945 https://www.fws.gov/news/Historic/NewsReleases/1945/19451026.pdf US Navy Synthetically Recreates Biomaterial to Assist Military Personnel https://www.navy.mil/submit/display.asp?story_id=98521 Performance of a long lasting shark repellent bait for elasmobranch bycatch reduction during commercial pelagic longline fishing https://bit.ly/35ymkq9 Fatality after deliberate ingestion of the pesticide rotenone: a case report https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1175899/ Membrane composition determines pardaxin's mechanism of lipid bilayer disruption. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1302204/ Pharyngeal cavity and the gills are the target organ for the repellent action of pardaxin in shark. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3996550 Compound Interest Shark Week Special https://www.compoundchem.com/2014/08/11/sharkrepellents/ Shark repellent: not yet, maybe never. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2119017 Shark repellent lipophilic constituents in the defense secretion of the Moses sole (Pardachirus marmoratus) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/004101018890325X Shark Defense Technologies http://www.sharkdefense.com/about-us/ Chemical repellent tests on white sharks https://bit.ly/304WOaS Shark Chaser Freedom 7 https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/shark-chaser-freedom-7-0 Studies on the Development of Potential Biomarkers for Rapid Assessment of Copper Toxicity to Freshwater Fish using Esomus danricus as Model https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3814698/ Effect of surfactants on zebrafish https://www.nature.com/articles/srep10107 Shark Repellents: Behavioral Bioassays in Laboratory and Field https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-69903-0_3 Discovering Sharks: A Volume Honoring the Work of Stewart Springer https://tinyurl.com/uog2b9z Why we love to fear sharks https://tinyurl.com/sjveqf9 USS Indianapolis survivor: 'That first morning, we had sharks' https://tinyurl.com/tblm2z7 National Archives Catalogue, Research Data: Shark Attacks https://catalog.archives.gov/id/6946057?q=6946057 An Unsuspected Foe: Shark Attacks during World War II https://tinyurl.com/qswt9uk USS Indianapolis: How three men survived the depths of horror https://tinyurl.com/v77hh3s The Worst Shark Attack in History https://bit.ly/35IPMdq Performance of a long lasting shark repellent bait for elasmobranch bycatch reduction during commercial pelagic longline fishing https://bit.ly/2R41xpp The anatomy of a shark attack https://tinyurl.com/tn6hzwh Oceana bycatch report https://oceana.org/sites/default/files/reports/Bycatch_Report_FINAL.pdf Killed by dog vs lighting vs shark https://tinyurl.com/uwhz2ud Science, policy, and the public discourse of shark “attack”: a proposal for reclassifying human–shark interactions https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13412-013-0107-2

Épisode 4 - Can Soap REALLY "Kill" the Coronavirus?

18 mars 2020

Constantly being told to wash your hands? Us too. So we’re diving into the chemistry behind why soap is so effective against viruses like the coronavirus that causes COVID-19. Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producer: Andrew Sobey Writer/Host: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Pall Thordarson, PhD Michelle Boucher, PhD Leila Duman, PhD Special Thanks: Ruben Rodriguez SOURCES: Inactivation of human and avian influenza viruses by potassium oleate of natural soap component through exothermic interaction https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6160177/ Effect of Surfactants on the Survival and Sorption of Viruses https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es0114097 The handiwork of good health https://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/The_handiwork_of_good_health Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120300463 Efficacy of various disinfectants against SARS coronavirus https://www.journalofhospitalinfection.com/article/S0195-6701(05)00044-7/fulltext How coronavirus hijacks your cells https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/03/11/science/how-coronavirus-hijacks-your-cells.html CDC report on coronavirus research https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/grows-virus-cell-culture.html Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Summary https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/summary.html WHO general coronavirus info https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus The science of soap – here’s how it kills the coronavirus https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/mar/12/science-soap-kills-coronavirus-alcohol-based-disinfectants?CMP=share_btn_tw Suspension vs carrier tests (for bacteria) https://aem.asm.org/content/aem/54/11/2856.full.pdf Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6483/1260 Mechanisms of Virus Assembly https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4382372/

Épisode 5 - How Did We Get COVID Vaccines So Quickly?

1 avril 2020

You might have heard that vaccine trials are currently underway in Seattle. What exactly is being tested? How much longer will these tests take? And when can we expect a vaccine against the novel coronavirus? We chat with Dr. Benjamin Neuman, one of the world’s experts on coronavirus, and Daniel Wrapp, one of the scientists who mapped the structure of the protein coronavirus uses to infect your cells, to help us answer these questions. #moderna #vaccine #coronavirus #covid-19 #covid19 Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Benjamin Neuman, PhD Daniel Wrapp Michelle Boucher, PhD Leila Duman, PhD Special Thanks: Ruben Rodriguez SOURCES: Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6483/1260/tab-figures-data A Fusion Peptide in the Spike Protein of MERS Coronavirus https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6784214/ SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor https://www.cell.com/cell/pdf/S0092-8674(20)30229-4.pdf NIH Scientists Identify Atomic Structure of Novel Coronavirus Protein https://www.niaid.nih.gov/news-events/atomic-structure-novel-coronavirus-protein Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867420302622 Expression, glycosylation, and modification of the spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS CoV. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17502675 Characterization of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel coronavirus: implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and vaccine https://www.nature.com/articles/s41423-020-0400-4 How SARS hijacks host cells https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/08/130822122808.htm Mechanisms of viral assembly https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4382372/ Timely development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32148172 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Nonstructural Proteins 3, 4, and 6 Induce Double-Membrane Vesicles https://mbio.asm.org/content/4/4/e00524-13 Scientists figure out how new coronavirus breaks into human cells https://www.livescience.com/how-coronavirus-infects-cells.html A Spotlight on Viruses—Application of Click Chemistry to Visualize Virus-Cell Interactions https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/3/481/htm How Viruses Invade Cells https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4788752/ The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0820-9 Thousands of scientists are racing to find a vaccine for coronavirus. 41 possibilities are in the works https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2020/03/19/more-than-41-potential-coronavirus-vaccines-works/2870009001/ Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2004973 New coronavirus stable for hours on surfaces https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/new-coronavirus-stable-hours-surfaces Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120300463\ Vaccines and Antiviral Drugs in Pandemic Preparedness https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3291404/ On the binding affinity of macromolecular interactions: daring to ask why proteins interact https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3565702/ Coronavirus envelope protein: current knowledge https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12985-019-1182-0 First known person-to-person transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the USA https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30607-3/fulltext The SARS, MERS and novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemics, the newest and biggest global health threats: what lessons have we learned? https://academic.oup.com/ije/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ije/dyaa033/5748175

Épisode 7 - The Early Plan to Fight COVID with the Polio Vaccine

1 mai 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has scientists considering a few less-conventional options while vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are being developed. One option might be the oral #polio #vaccine. We chatted with one of the researchers proposing the idea—Dr. Robert Gallo—to understand why a vaccine that hasn’t been used in the US for two decades might provide short-term protection against this #coronavirus. You might also like: How Much Do Cloth Masks Protect You From Getting the Coronavirus? https://youtu.be/knCseXki4gE Coronavirus Vaccine: Where Are We and What's Next?: https://youtu.be/gDY8pH6OWBc Can Soap REALLY "Kill" the Coronavirus?: https://youtu.be/K2pMVimI2bw The Top 5 Strangest Poisons That Can Kill You: https://youtu.be/4hQ0G0GaYR8 Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Stosh Ozog, PhD Victor Nizet, PhD Robert Gallo, PhD Lelia Duman, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Special Thanks: Ruben Rodriguez Guard Dog: Yuca Sources: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): An overview of viral structure and host response https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7165108/ Live Enteroviral Vaccines for the Emergency Nonspecific Prevention of Mass Respiratory Diseases During Fall-Winter Epidemics of Influenza and Acute Respiratory Diseases https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1338742/ Potential Use of Nonpathogenic Enteroviruses for Control of Human Disease https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2555836/ Could Old Vaccines for Other Germs Protect Against COVID-19? https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2020/04/13/health/ap-us-med-virus-outbreak-old-vaccines.html Could old vaccines for other germs protect against COVID-19? https://apnews.com/ae72d066a2caa17de91be9a60e4934b9 Can an Old Vaccine Stop the New Coronavirus? https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/03/health/coronavirus-bcg-vaccine.html Innate and adaptive immunity https://www.creative-diagnostics.com/innate-and-adaptive-immunity.htm Facets of Innate Immunity to Viral Infection https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30307790/?from_term=innate+immunity&from_pos=1 Evolving Adaptive Immunity https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27083993/?from_term=adaptive+immunity&from_pos=5 Trained Immunity: A Memory for Innate Host Defense https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21575907/ Vaccine Adjuvants: Putting Innate Immunity to Work https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3420356/ Fundamentals of Vaccine Immunology https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3068582/ Autoimmunity: From Bench to Bedside https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459455/ Could a 100-year-old vaccine protect against COVID-19? https://www.livescience.com/coronavirus-protection-using-tuberculosis-vaccine.html

Épisode 8 - How Do Antiviral Drugs Work?

5 mai 2020

Antiviral drugs could help us fight the new coronavirus, but we don’t currently have a highly potent and effective antiviral that cures COVID-19. Why not? We called a few virologists to find out. You might also like: Gilead's remdesivir gets emergency use authorization based on preliminary data in COVID-19 https://cen.acs.org/pharmaceuticals/drug-development/Data-remdesivir-clinical-trial-offer/98/i17 Cell studies suggest some repurposed drugs could block replication of SARS-CoV-2 https://cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/infectious-disease/Cell-studies-suggest-repurposed-drugs-could-block-replication-of-SARS-CoV-2/98/web/2020/05 How big pharma firms are quietly collaborating on new coronavirus antivirals https://cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/infectious-disease/How-big-pharma-firms-quietly-collaborating-on-new-coronavirus-antivirals/98/i18 Could an Existing Vaccine Stop the Coronavirus Pandemic? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wqw4aX4c33c How Much Do Cloth Masks Protect You From Getting the Coronavirus? https://youtu.be/knCseXki4gE Coronavirus Vaccine: Where Are We and What's Next?: https://youtu.be/gDY8pH6OWBc Can Soap REALLY "Kill" the Coronavirus?: https://youtu.be/K2pMVimI2bw Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: George Zaidan Scientific consultants: Rebecca Dutch, PhD Vincent Racaniello, PhD Paul Offit, PhD Lelia Duman, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Special Thanks: Lisa Jarvis Julia Price Radice #coronavirus #cure #remdesivir Sources: All interventional SARS-CoV-2 trials registered on clinicaltrials.gov https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=COVID-19&recrs=b&recrs=a&recrs=f&recrs=d&recrs=e&age_v=&gndr=&type=Intr&rslt=&Search=Apply Antivirals Lecture https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w4N63NY_jDc Pulmonary critical care series on COVID treatment https://pulmccm.org/review-articles/an-illustrated-primer-on-covid-19-therapy-part-1/ https://pulmccm.org/review-articles/an-illustrated-primer-on-covid-19-therapy-part-2/ Coronavirus therapeutics https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/therapeutic-options.html Remdesivir https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/01/health/coronavirus-remdesivir.html

Épisode 9 - Why Aren’t COVID Antibody Tests Better?

27 mai 2020

Many people are wondering if that bad cold they had back in February or March was actually the new coronavirus. In principle, an antibody test could tell you that, but most of the tests out there right now aren’t very good. We chatted with David Kroll to learn how these tests work, where they go wrong and why a test that’s 96% accurate is actually pretty bad. #coronavirus #immune. #antibodytest You might also like: Could the Polio Vaccine Save the World (...Again) https://youtu.be/Wqw4aX4c33c How Much Do Cloth Masks Protect You From Getting the Coronavirus? https://youtu.be/knCseXki4gE Coronavirus Vaccine: Where Are We and What's Next?: https://youtu.be/gDY8pH6OWBc Can Soap REALLY "Kill" the Coronavirus?: https://youtu.be/K2pMVimI2bw Why Do We Get Allergies?: https://youtu.be/vFZlxQU0Pyk Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: David Kroll, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Michelle Boucher, PhD Special Thanks: Ruben Rodriguez Sources: Insight into FDA’s Revised Policy on Antibody Tests: Prioritizing Access and Accuracy https://www.fda.gov/news-events/fda-voices/insight-fdas-revised-policy-antibody-tests-prioritizing-access-and-accuracy?utm_campaign=Insight%20into%20FDA%E2%80%99s%20Revised%20Policy%20on%20Antibody%20Tests%3A%20Prioritizing%20Access%20and%20Accuracy&utm_medium=email&utm_source=Eloqua EUA Authorized Serology Test Performance https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/emergency-situations-medical-devices/eua-authorized-serology-test-performance CDC: Serology Testing for COVID-19 https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/lab/serology-testing.html Coronavirus: surprisingly big problems caused by small errors in testing https://theconversation.com/coronavirus-surprisingly-big-problems-caused-by-small-errors-in-testing-136700 Antibody Test, Seen as Key to Reopening Country, Does Not Yet Deliver https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/19/us/coronavirus-antibody-tests.html Prominent scientists have bad news for the White House about coronavirus antibody tests https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/14/health/coronavirus-antibody-tests-scientists/index.html The FDA Said It Will Now Crack Down On Shoddy Coronavirus Antibody Tests https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/stephaniemlee/coronavirus-fda-antibody-tests-accuracy F.D.A. Approves First Coronavirus Antibody Test in U.S. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/02/health/coronavirus-antibody-test.html Why We Need Antibody Testing, and Fast https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/13/opinion/coronavirus-antibodies-test.html Coronavirus: How to tell if your misery was really COVID-19 https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/04/12/coronavirus-how-to-tell-if-your-misery-was-really-covid-19/ Michigan hospital system will test workers’ blood in effort to help reopen country https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/michigan-hospital-system-will-test-workers-blood-in-effort-to-help-reopen-country/2020/04/13/20830d1e-7ccd-11ea-a3ee-13e1ae0a3571_story.html Test for antibodies against novel coronavirus developed at Stanford Medicine http://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2020/04/stanford-medicine-develops-antibody-test-for-coronavirus.html Fears of ‘Wild West’ as COVID-19 blood tests hit the market https://www.sltrib.com/news/2020/04/12/fears-wild-west-covid/ Will an Antibody Test Allow Us to Go Back to School or Work? https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/10/health/coronavirus-antibody-test.html The UK has ordered millions of coronavirus antibody tests which don't work and functional ones could be months away https://www.businessinsider.com/coronavirus-scientists-warn-that-antibody-tests-could-be-months-away-2020-4 FDA approves first antibody test in the US to detect the coronavirus https://www.livescience.com/first-coronavirus-antibody-test-approved-us.html 'No Evidence' Yet That Recovered COVID-19 Patients Are Immune, WHO Says https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/04/25/844939777/no-evidence-that-recovered-covid-19-patients-are-immune-who-says Rapid COVID-19 Antibody Detection Tests: Principles and Methods https://www.assaygenie.com/rapid-covid19-antibody-detection-tests-principles-and-methods Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 10 - We Surprised a Llama Antibody Researcher with an Actual Llama

8 juin 2020

Scientists are considering some less-conventional approaches to tackle the COVID-19 #pandemic. One of those approaches is using #antibodies from llamas to fight off #SARCoV2, or to keep it from infecting you in the first place. We chatted with one scientist behind the research, Daniel Wrapp, and had a surprise for him in store. You might also like: Why Are Antibody Tests Failing? https://youtu.be/jqudyDnnvJo Coronavirus Drugs: Where Are We and What's Next? https://youtu.be/AIpeZDR9i3E Could the Polio Vaccine Save the World (...Again) https://youtu.be/Wqw4aX4c33c How Much Do Cloth Masks Protect You From Getting the Coronavirus? https://youtu.be/knCseXki4gE Coronavirus Vaccine: Where Are We and What's Next?: https://youtu.be/gDY8pH6OWBc Can Soap REALLY "Kill" the Coronavirus?: https://youtu.be/K2pMVimI2bw Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Writer/Host: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Daniel Wrapp Paco L. Glama Brianne Raccor, PhD Leilia Duman, PhD Special Thanks: Sweet Farm Ruben Rodriguez Sources: Structural Basis for Potent Neutralization of Betacoronaviruses by Single-Domain Camelid Antibodies https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32375025/ Camelid Single-Domain Antibodies: Historical Perspective and Future Outlook https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5701970/ Hoping Llamas Will Become Coronavirus Heroes https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/06/science/llama-coronavirus-antibodies.html Antibodies (and use of camelid antibodies) https://hms.harvard.edu/magazine/cost-conflict/antibodies Llama antibody engineered to block coronavirus https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/llama-antibody-engineered-block-coronavirus Llama Antibodies Could Help Us Defeat COVID-19, Scientists Say https://www.sciencealert.com/llama-blood-could-play-a-role-in-helping-people-fight-off-coronavirus-infections Llama Antibodies Neutralize Virus That Causes COVID-19, New Research Shows https://www.wbur.org/commonhealth/2020/05/16/llama-antibodies-can-neutralize-virus Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 11 - How Does Tear Gas Work?

18 juin 2020

CS gas is one of the most common tear gases used in the United States today, but did you know it’s not actually a gas? We break down why it causes so much pain and the best ways to recover if you’re hit with it. A reminder: we’re not doctors! Please contact yours with any concerns. Additional resources below: Regional poison control center: 1-800-222-1222 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Public Response Hotline (CDC) 800-CDC-INFO 888-232-6348 (TTY) E-mail inquiries: cdcinfo@cdc.gov You might also like: How Much Do Cloth Masks Protect You From Getting the Coronavirus? https://youtu.be/knCseXki4gE How Does Pepper Spray Work? https://youtu.be/QFPxj4CcXp0 The Dawn of Chemical Warfare https://youtu.be/e8W3dOURya0 How the Nazis invented nerve agents like sarin — Speaking of Chemistry https://youtu.be/3te1o6dYmLI How to Get Rid of Skunk Smell https://youtu.be/7i_NGMV63HQ Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Kabrena Rodda, PhD Sven-Eric Jordt, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Leilia Duman, PhD Michelle Boucher, PhD Sources: Tear gas (CS) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK224932/#:~:text=It%20is%20currently%20used%20as,3%20will%20deter%20trained%20troops. TRPs in Pain Sensation https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2017.00392/full Breathtaking TRP Channels: TRPA1 and TRPV1 in Airway Chemosensation and Reflex Control https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19074743/ Cough: The Emerging Role of the TRPA1 Channel https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20091046/ How Tear Gas Works: A Rundown of the Chemicals Used on Crowds https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-tear-gas-works-a-rundown-of-the-chemicals-used-on-crowds/ Responding to Terrorism: Chapter 8 (Less-lethal weapons) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780080450438000088 O-chlorobenzylidene Malononitrile (CS Riot Control Agent) Associated Acute Respiratory Illnesses in a U.S. Army Basic Combat Training Cohort https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25003867/ Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 16. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK224932/# What is Tear Gas? https://theconversation.com/what-is-tear-gas-139958 Ultrastructure of Rat Lungs Following Exposure to O-Chlorobenzylidene Malononitrile (CS) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1099387/ Tear Gas--Harassing Agent or Toxic Chemical Weapon? https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2501523/ Baby Shampoo to Relieve the Discomfort of Tear Gas and Pepper Spray Exposure: A Randomized Controlled Trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29560057/?from_term=tear+gas+exposure&from_pos=2 Tear gas: an epidemiological and mechanistic reassessment https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5096012/ Riot control agents: the tear gases CN, CS and OC—a medical review https://militaryhealth.bmj.com/content/161/2/94 Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 antagonists block the noxious effects of toxic industrial isocyanates and tear gases https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2660642/ TRP Ion Channel Function in Sensory Transduction and Cellular Signaling Cascades. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK5237/ Sensory Detection and Responses to Toxic Gases Mechanisms, Health Effects, and Countermeasures https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1513/pats.201001-004SM Expression and Activity of TRPA1 and TRPV1 in the Intervertebral Disc: Association with Inflammation and Matrix Remodeling https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6480240/#:~:text=TRPA1%20is%20a%20calcium%20permeable,type%20%5B12%2C24%5D. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is functionally expressed in primary human osteoarthritic chondrocytes https://arthritis-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13075-016-1080-4#:~:text=Transient%20receptor%20potential%20ankyrin%201%20(TRPA1)%20is%20a%20membrane%2D,in%20nociception%20and%20neurogenic%20inflammation. 2-Chlorobenzalmalononitrile https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/2698-41-1 Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 12 - You’re Using Disinfectants Wrong. Here’s What You Actually Need to Do.

23 juin 2020

Sure, you’ve got a product that says “kills germs” under your sink, but will it really destroy the new coronavirus on surfaces? Turns out that if you’re using a disinfectant like a regular cleaner, you might not actually be disinfecting at all. To make sure you’re destroying 99.9% of viruses and bacteria, doing these three things is critical. And one quick note on EPA registration numbers: make sure to look for “EPA Reg No.” as there can sometimes be another EPA number on there as well. Then, enter the first two sections of the number into List N to find the product. (If you enter the third part, the search won’t work properly.) Some products only list the first two parts. Yeah, it’s confusing. You might also like: Can Mixing Cleaning Chemicals Kill You? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FH1h0oWjark Coronavirus Drugs: Where Are We and What's Next? https://youtu.be/AIpeZDR9i3E Could the Polio Vaccine Save the World (...Again) https://youtu.be/Wqw4aX4c33c How Much Do Cloth Masks Protect You From Getting the Coronavirus? https://youtu.be/knCseXki4gE Coronavirus Vaccine: Where Are We and What's Next?: https://youtu.be/gDY8pH6OWBc Can Soap REALLY "Kill" the Coronavirus?: https://youtu.be/K2pMVimI2bw Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: George Zaidan Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Environmental Protection Agency Palli Thordarson, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Michelle Boucher, PhD Sources: CDC practical guidelines on how to clean/disinfect your home https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/disinfecting-your-home.html The Law https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/40/158.2203 How do we know the products on list N will kill SARS-CoV-2 https://www.epa.gov/coronavirus/how-does-epa-know-products-list-n-work-sars-cov-2 EPA regulations https://www.epa.gov/test-guidelines-pesticides-and-toxic-substances/series-810-product-performance-test-guidelines EPA summary https://www.epa.gov/pesticide-registration/what-are-antimicrobial-pesticides Sterilex interpretation of EPA guidelines https://www.sterilex.com/interpreting-an-epa-label-sanitizer-vs-disinfectant/ C&EN https://cen.acs.org/safety/consumer-safety/chemists-guide-disinfectants/98/web/2020/05 EPA List N https://cfpub.epa.gov/giwiz/disinfectants/index.cfm CDC influenza guidelines https://www.cdc.gov/flu/school/cleaning.htm Don’t mix household cleaners https://cen.acs.org/safety/consumer-safety/Accidental-mix-bleach-acid-kills/97/i45 C&EN how do we know disinfectants kill coronavirus https://cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/infectious-disease/How-we-know-disinfectants-should-kill-the-COVID-19-coronavirus/98/web/2020/03 Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 16 - Challenger: The Real Story of an Avoidable Disaster

20 juillet 2020

On January 28, 1986, the Challenger Space Shuttle broke apart just 73 seconds into its flight. All seven crew members aboard were killed and space travel was changed forever. In this episode of #Untold, a new #YouTubeLearning series from ACS, PBS, and YouTube, we explain the science behind this tragic, avoidable accident, and what scientists, engineers, and ethicists have learned from it over the last few decades. For those of you interested in more detail--here’s something else to consider: For a rocket to make it into orbit, its propulsion system needs to be shooting out propellant as it goes, which means its mass will decrease throughout the flight. That steady decrease is important when calculating a rocket’s potential energy. So, if you really want to be accurate, you’ll need to set up an integral. Eagle-eyed viewers might notice that we used two different units for the acceleration due to gravity: N/kg and m/s^2. A Newton (N) is a kg*m/s^2, so N/kg is the same as m/s^2. Why did we decide to use two different units in the same video? To keep you on your toes. You're welcome. You might also like: The Loneliest Whale https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L7mTZAhCeyA What Does The Moon Smell Like? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQod_oYnFTc&list=PLtLT74crQcwX-3lwM9olpgiKI76Ackics We Are Made of “Star Stuff” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2bm479V8qPs How Do Rockets Work? (Featuring KSP) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UEoWoQ_Nyaw&list=PLtLT74crQcwX-3lwM9olpgiKI76Ackics&index=5 Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producer/Editor: Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Alex Dainis, PhD Assistant Editor: Brett Kuxhausen Animator: Shea Lord Coordinating Producer: Samantha Jones, PhD Fact Checker: Bob Hunt Archive Producer: Annalea Embree Scientific Consultants: Rhett Allain, PhD Steven Son, PhD Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ZNqVe7xHXzVYRf4fZebejt3dmNuXHNC0HYOt_sRhK24/edit?usp=sharing Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 21 - Whatever Happened to the Ozone Hole? A Story of A/C, Atoms, and CFCs

6 août 2020

It might feel like they’re making us cooler, but refrigerators and air conditioning are actually making our world warmer. Yes, they use a huge amount of electricity, but many older cooling methods also released tons of molecules that are still hanging around, shredding our #ozone layer. In this episode of #Untold, a new #YouTubeLearning series from ACS, PBS, and YouTube, we consider how we might keep ourselves and our food cool, without accidentally warming up our world. The chlorine reaction we showed isn’t the only one--to learn more about bromine reactions that also destroy ozone, check out this link: https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/csl/assessments/ozone/2018/downloads/twentyquestions/Q8.pdf And to learn why the Antarctic is most susceptible to ozone damage, check out the following: https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/csl/assessments/ozone/2018/downloads/twentyquestions/Q9.pdf You might also like: UNTOLD | Challenger: The Real Story of an Avoidable Disaster https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uI174WMnWl4 UNTOLD | The Terrifying (but Awesome) Science Behind Red Tides https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7t7qrH_dsc UNTOLD | The Invisible Tsunami That Killed 1,500 People in One Night https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rNKDx3kR3tk UNTOLD | The Great MOLASSES Flood of 1919 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iMPGm3OSvMg Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producer/Editor: Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Alex Dainis, PhD Assistant Editor: Brett Kuxhausen Animator: Shea Lord Fact Checker: Bob Hunt Archive Producer: Annalea Embree Coordinating Producer: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD James Elkins, PhD Andrew Jordan, PhD Stephen Montzka, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Gkvr9l3z38R-vJ6DHVniQsasfqGO0ZaQed-8hwvoYho/edit?usp=sharing Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 25 - How Can A Margarita Do This?

25 août 2020

Sam’s friend got a crazy swelling, peeling burn on her hands from making a margarita and then heading to the beach. Why? #margaritaburn #margarita #phytophotodermatitis Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ You might also like: What is Ringworm and How Do You Get Rid of It? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oM3HlbVIw6A The World's Most Unavoidable Carcinogen https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ZXvngquyT4 How Is Whiskey Made? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cR7Bt9Ei_zI 7 Wine Facts & Myths https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qA9AQGPcOcQ&list=PLtLT74crQcwVeWan5_JoWZvEVpPBaV9Ro Credits: Producer: Andrew Sobey Writer/Host: Samantha Jones, PhD Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Scientific Consultants: Leila Duman, PhD Frank Gasparro, PhD Jeremy Goverman, MD Tien Nguyen, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD SOURCES The Distribution of Coumarins and Furanocoumarins in Citrus Species Closely Matches Citrus Phylogeny and Reflects the Organization of Biosynthetic Pathways https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4641707/ Psoralen Derivatives with Enhanced Potency https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/php.13263 Phytophotodermatitis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3772689/ Lime-induced phytophotodermatitis https://academic.oup.com/omcr/article/2019/11/470/5670819 Burned by a Margarita https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/07/burned-iby-a-margarita/492149/ Fig tree induced phytophotodermatitis https://casereports.bmj.com/content/13/3/e233392.long Chemistry and health effects of furanocoumarins in grapefruit https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444634306000059 Psoralen https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547880/ Margarita Photodermatitis https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199303253281220 The Nature and Molecular Basis of Cutaneous Photosensitivity Reactions to Psoralens and Coal Tar https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6854058/ Risk and Progression Factors in Carcinogenesis [Psoralen Photobiology] https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783642643859 Mexican Beer Dermatitis: Scourge Of The Beach Bum And The Proper Lady https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2010/10/21/130722086/mexican-beer-dermititus-the-scourge-of-the-beach-bum Mexican Beer Dermatitis: A Unique Variant of Lime Phytophotodermatitis Attributable to Contemporary Beer-Drinking Practices https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/article-abstract/422062 Polyphenols and Polyphenol-Derived Compounds From Plants and Contact Dermatitis https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128130087000291#:~:text=Polyphenols%20and%20polyphenol%2Dderived%20compounds%20from%20plants%20are%20common%20causes,%2C%20and%2For%20irritant%20dermatitis.&text=Most%20contact%20allergens%20of%20polyphenol,to%20quinones%20in%20the%20skin. Phytophotodermatitis: the other "lime" disease https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10195477/ Chemistry in Pictures: Club Med dermatitis https://cen.acs.org/safety/Chemistry-Pictures-Club-Med-dermatitis/98/web/2020/07 Treating phytophotodermatitis https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/sun-related-skin-condition-triggered-by-chemicals-in-certain-plants-fruits/#:~:text=To%20prevent%20phytophotodermatitis%2C%20wash%20your,skin%20that%20weren't%20covered. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 26 - Why Wildfires Turn the Sky Red

18 septembre 2020

Why does air pollution turn the sky red? This week we break down the Mars-like haze and how climate change is involved. #orangesky #climatechange #wildfires Our friends at C&EN have a new article out about how smoke particulate size affects health: https://cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/toxicology/Smokes-particle-size-key-health/98/i39 Chemical & Engineering NewsChemical & Engineering News You might also like: How Are Forest Fires Put Out? https://youtu.be/fNGq8hEuNb8 Why This Town Has Been On Fire For 50 Years https://youtu.be/fsgqy5FYP2c Cellulose: From Trees to Explosives https://youtu.be/6KRl0lg7XmQ Why Do Leaves Change Color? https://youtu.be/X0nWmTeQPfo What Causes Auroras (and where you should see them) https://youtu.be/8S_LPFOa-zs Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Writer/Host: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Lelia Duman, PhD Peter Kalmus, PhD Mark Marley, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Sanaz Vahidinia, PhD Still Photos: San Francisco Bay at noon on 9/9 by Aaron Maizlish https://www.flickr.com/photos/amaizlish/50325666737/ The Day The Sun Didn't Rise by Christopher Michel https://www.flickr.com/photos/cmichel67/50323748333/ Both licensed under CC BY 2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ Sources: Those Orange Western Skies and the Science of Light https://www.wired.com/story/those-orange-western-skies-and-the-science-of-light/ Why Is the Sky in California So Orange? https://www.baynews9.com/fl/tampa/weather/2020/09/11/why-is-the-sky-in-california-so-orange- Orange, smoky skies and Bay Area air quality may not improve for days https://abc7news.com/smoke-in-the-air-today-why-is-sky-orange-quality-index-oakland-bay-area/6414147/ Why is the sky changing colors? The science behind Oregon wildfires' apocalyptic sky https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2020/09/13/oregon-wildfire-sky-color-changes-beachie-creek-santiam/5788760002/ Why the sky turns orange after some storms https://www.insidenova.com/news/local_weather/why-the-sky-turns-orange-after-some-storms/article_5df1276a-1a14-11e5-be66-3b164e932c8b.html California wildfires: Smoke turns skies orange https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-54096319 Chapter Two - Optical Properties of Semiconductor Nanowires: Insights into Band Structure and Carrier Dynamics https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0080878415000459 Rayleigh Scattering http://site.physics.georgetown.edu/~vankeu/webtext2/Workspace/Rayleigh%20scattering/Rayleigh%20scattering.htm Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Trends https://www.epa.gov/air-trends/particulate-matter-pm25-trends The worst fire season ever. Again. https://www.latimes.com/projects/california-fires-damage-climate-change-analysis/ Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 27 - Color changing Tea

24 septembre 2020

This beautiful, color-changing tea is all over TikTok and Instagram. This week Sam and George add different things (some not drinkable!) to the tea to play with its spectacular colors. #butterflytea #blueflowertea #bluetea Important note: One way to figure out whether all of the chalcone molecules were destroyed by bleach would be to add acid to the tea—to make sure we couldn’t change it from clear back to blue—BUT adding acid to bleach is dangerous, so... we didn't do it. Another option would be to use very expensive lab equipment to figure out the structures of whatever molecules are in the bleach/tea mixture. We don’t have a lab, so we'll stick with our chemical intuition on this one. You might also like: Coffee Roasting Chemistry Throwdown: PhD vs. BS https://youtu.be/4Wey8GSglkw White, Green, Black, and Oolong Tea: What's the Difference? https://youtu.be/Caq0AMr3f_s We Boiled Potatoes in Acid Then Roasted Them... Here's What Happened https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fehedawj1DM How to Make the Best Cheap Hot Cocoa Possible https://youtu.be/7M105LuTJvo Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Agustin G. Asuero, PhD David Craik, PhD Lelia Duman, PhD Edward Gilding, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Noelia Tena Pajuelo, PhD Sources: Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea), a Cyclotide-Bearing Plant With Applications in Agriculture and Medicine https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6546959/ State of the arts of anthocyanins: antioxidant activity, sources, bioavailability and therapeutic effect on human health https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9050451 Anthocyanin Pigments: Importance, Sample Preparation and Extraction https://www.intechopen.com/books/phenolic-compounds-natural-sources-importance-and-applications/anthocyanin-pigments-importance-sample-preparation-and-extraction Modification and Stabilization of Anthocyanins https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281085420_Modification_and_Stabilization_of_Anthocyanins A Commercial Potential Blue Pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) Flower Extract Incorporated Beverage Having Functional Properties https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6545798/ Acute effect of Clitoria ternatea flower beverage on glycemic response and antioxidant capacity in healthy subjects: a randomized crossover trial https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5759795/ Inhibitory effect of Clitoria ternatea flower petal extract on fructose-induced protein glycation and oxidation-dependent damages to albumin in vitro https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4337202/ The Colour Degradation of Anthocyanin-Rich Extract From Butterfly Pea (Clitoria Ternatea L.) Petal in Various Solvents at pH 7 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28301948/ Butterfly Pea (Clitoria Ternatea) Extract as a Green Analytical Tool for Selective Colorimetric Detection of Bisulphate (HSO 4-) Ion in Aqueous Medium https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32334326/ Butterfly Pea Flower https://www.atlasobscura.com/foods/butterfly-pea-flower#:~:text=When%20it%20comes%20to%20the,time%20into%20a%20vibrant%20magenta. Towards Green Titration: Batchwise Titration With Reusable Solid Sorbed Indicators https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30344207/ Anthocyanins: naturally occurring fruit pigments with functional properties http://www.gup.ugal.ro/ugaljournals/index.php/food/article/view/1557 Anthocyanidins and anthocyanins: colored pigments as food, pharmaceutical ingredients, and the potential health benefits https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5613902/#:~:text=Anthocyanins%20have%20a%20purple%20hue,at%20a%20lower%20pH%20solution. Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 28 - We Found The Best Hot Pepper Cure (It’s Not Milk)

8 octobre 2020

It’s safe to say that we’re all trying to make sense of 2020 — and Self-Evident is aimed at just that. Be sure to check it out! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GYs98uc0JjQ How do you stop pepper burn if you can’t drink milk? This week Sam and George suffer for science. #peppers #burn #spicyfood You might also like: How Does Tear Gas Work? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=agXnXHfGc3k The Chemistry of Sriracha: Hot Sauce Science https://youtu.be/U2DJN0gnuI8 How Does Pepper Spray Work? https://youtu.be/QFPxj4CcXp0 The Chemistry of Pepper: The Spice that Changed the World https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O0kJunDHk8Y Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: John Hayes, PhD Alissa Nolden, PhD Michelle Boucher, PhD Lelia Duman, PhD Sources: Capsaicin https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459168/ The chemistry of a chili https://www.compoundchem.com/2014/01/15/why-chilli-peppers-are-spicy-the-chemistry-of-a-chilli/ Understand spiciness: mechanism of TRPV1 channel activation by capsaicin https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5326624/ Capsaicin, Nociception and Pain https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27322240 Capsaicin: Risks and Benefits https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/capsaicin-risks-and-benefits The paradoxical role of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptor in inflammation. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19896501 Integrative Approaches to Pain Management https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323083409000499 The cool science of hot peppers https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/cool-science-hot-peppers Unraveling the mystery of capsaicin https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3462993/ Capsaicin: Current Understanding of Its Mechanisms and Therapy of Pain and Other Pre-Clinical and Clinical Uses https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6273101/ Capsaicin may have important potential for promoting vascular and metabolic health https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4477151/ Capsaicin chemical structure https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Capsaicin Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Capsaicin and Its Analogues in Pain and Other Diseases https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6272969/ Capsaicin: An Uncommon Exposure and Unusual Treatment https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6682244/ Antimicrobial and Anti-Virulence Activity of Capsaicin Against Erythromycin-Resistant, Cell-Invasive Group A Streptococci https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4643145/ Perceptual and Affective Responses to Sampled Capsaicin Differ by Reported Intake https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5383096/ Personality factors predict spicy food liking and intake https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3607321/ Capsaicin Improves Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Sensitivity Through Modulation of the Gut Microbiota-Bile Acid-FXR Axis in Type 2 Diabetic db/db Mice. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31539192 Learning to Like Spicier Food https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2015/02/learning-to-handle-spicy-food/385606/ Why some people can tolerate the world’s hottest pepper https://scienceline.org/2016/12/why-some-people-can-tolerate-the-worlds-hottest-pepper/ Advice on building tolerance (from a non-expert) https://www.pepperscale.com/spicy-food-tolerance/ Are People Born With A Tolerance For Spicy Food? https://www.popsci.com/science/article/2013-06/fyi-are-people-born-tolerance-spicy-food/ Serious Eats on how to build your spicy foods tolerance https://www.seriouseats.com/2010/08/how-to-build-a-tolerance-for-spicy-foods.html A randomized, double-blind, positive-controlled, 3-way cross-over human experimental pain study of a TRPV1 antagonist (V116517) in healthy volunteers and comparison with preclinical profile. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27168361 Chili peppers for weight loss https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09637486.2016.1258044?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=iijf20 Anti-obesity Effect of Capsaicin in Mice Fed with High-Fat Diet Is Associated with an Increase in Population of the Gut Bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00272/full Milk for chili peppers (Kool Aid?) https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/06/190625133526.htm Do Genetics Shape Your Spicy-Food Threshold? https://firstwefeast.com/features/2016/05/spicy-genetics-investigation/ Ask the doctor: How does hot pepper cream work to relieve pain? https://www.health.harvard.edu/pain/how-does-hot-pepper-cream-work-to-relieve-pain Why do some like it hot? Genetic and environmental contributions to the pleasantness of oral pungency https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031938412003095 Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 29 - How Can Fertilizer Explode?

21 octobre 2020

Ammonium nitrate has been involved in dozens of disasters and terrorist attacks but, under normal circumstances, it’s totally harmless. What turns it deadly? #beirut #explosive #ammoniumnitrate Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/ You might also like: The Chemistry of Fireworks https://youtu.be/nPHegSulI_M How Pee Helped Win the Revolutionary War (Maybe...) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=45fNvmdUrI8 What Makes Smartphones Explode? https://youtu.be/pY-kzHn9kvo Mind-Blowing Movie Explosions Explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3e839o4YGao Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producer: Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Jackie Akhavan, PhD Gerald Kagan, PhD Leila Duman, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD SOURCES What footage of the Beirut explosion tells us about the blast https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/05/video/beirut-explosion-footage.html The mechanism of the spontaneous detonation of ammonium nitrate in reactive grounds https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213343717306425#! Explosions of ammonium nitrate fertilizer in storage or transportation are preventable accidents https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389415301680 Review on Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Nitrate https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07370652.2011.573523 Raman spectroscopy for detection of ammonium nitrate as an explosive precursor used in improvised explosive devices https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32146426/ Safety and security issues relating to low capacity storage of AN-based fertilizers https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15885898/ Lessons to be learned from an analysis of ammonium nitrate disasters in the last 100 years https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25203808/ U.S. Contractor Knew of Explosive Material in Beirut Since at Least 2016 https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/10/world/middleeast/beirut-explosion-us-contractor.html Ammonium nitrate https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Ammonium-nitrate The chemistry behind the Beirut explosion https://cen.acs.org/safety/industrial-safety/chemistry-behind-Beirut-explosion/98/web/2020/08 What Is Ammonium Nitrate, the Chemical That Exploded in Beirut? https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-ammonium-nitrate-the-chemical-that-exploded-in-beirut/ Why Beirut’s ammonium nitrate blast was so devastating https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02361-x Beirut blast: How does ammonium nitrate create such devastating explosions? https://www.livescience.com/28841-fertilizer-explosions-ammonium-nitrate.html Texas City, Beirut linked by dangers of ammonium nitrate https://www.houstonchronicle.com/local/bayou-city-history/article/Texas-City-Beirut-linked-by-dangers-ammonium-15464668.php The deadly history of ammonium nitrate, the explosive linked to the Beirut blast https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/08/deadly-history-ammonium-nitrate-explosive-linked-to-beirut-blast/ The self-sustaining decomposition of ammonium nitrate fertiliser: Case study, Escombreras valley, Spain https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31761644/ What is ammonium nitrate and what happens when it explodes? https://www.compoundchem.com/2020/08/05/ammonium-nitrate/ Crop nutrition resource library https://www.cropnutrition.com/resource-library/ammonium-nitrate Beirut explosion: What we know so far https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-53668493 Tianjin chemical blast: China jails 49 for disaster https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-37927158 Beirut Explosion Generates Seismic Waves Equivalent Of A Magnitude 3.3 Earthquake https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidbressan/2020/08/06/beirut-port-explosion-triggers-magnitude-3-earthquake/#37eab2f51426 Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 30 - Do Your Dog’s Paws Smell Like Fritos?

17 novembre 2020

Do your dog’s paws smell like Fritos? This week we explore why. #fritopaws #cornchippaws #cheetopaws #dogpaws You might also like: Why Do Wet Dogs Stink? + Other Canine Chemistry https://youtu.be/X9AozZLZnCU World’s Deadliest (& Cutest) Animals https://youtu.be/fb0FLuYMh84 What's In Dog Food? https://youtu.be/_UJWctZyguY How to Get Rid of Skunk Smell https://youtu.be/7i_NGMV63HQ Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Lelia Duman, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Amelia White, DVM Sources: Novel association of Psychrobacter and Pseudomonas with malodour in bloodhound dogs, and the effects of a topical product composed of essential oils and plant- derived essential fatty acids in a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled study https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30251442/ Microbiota and Malodor—Etiology and Management https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32326126/ Proteus Mirabilis Infections https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK442017/ Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Healthcare Settings https://www.cdc.gov/hai/organisms/pseudomonas.html Use of 2-aminoacetophenone production in identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC273058/ Androscoggin Animal Hospital https://www.androscogginanimalhospital.com/blog/funky-feet-when-your-pets-paws-smell-like-fritos/#:~:text=The%20Case%20of%20Corn%20Chips,nothing%20to%20be%20concerned%20about.&text=When%20it%20comes%20to%20the,create%20a%20%E2%80%9Cyeasty%E2%80%9D%20smell. Hampton Veterinary Hospital https://www.hamptonveterinaryhospital.com/blog/my-dogs-paws-smell-like-fritos/ Take a sniff of your dog’s paws. Smell like corn chips? Here’s why https://www.kansascity.com/news/nation-world/article215823795.html This Is Why Your Dog's Paws Smell Like Fritos https://www.huffpost.com/entry/this-is-why-your-dogs-paws-smell-like-fritos_n_55b1347be4b07af29d57d25c?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAFRMbEBOYQAEBgNPBoHyF38vHn2RniDZxIyhwVZC7QrWYG5k3K9gcy8rgOGbCZ1ZoUSXBT7Za6KtKFYXYahKUxxpNrMl4BZF2CplGFyJ7JjfRMCn019_YRrsXHdXD9LnSyg64py4C7VaA_v311h7ec0ijoDbpGYEwlgOFCvwJZ0g Arlington Animal Hospital http://www.myarlingtonvet.com/blog/corn-chip-feet-why-your-dogs-feet-smell-like-fritos/ Which Bacteria Smell Like Tortillas, Flowers, or Delicious Browned Butter? https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/which-bacteria-smell-like-tortillas-flowers-or-delicious-browned-butter Lab 12: Isolation and Identification of Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas, Part 1 https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Ancillary_Materials/Laboratory_Experiments/Microbiology_Labs/Microbiology_Labs_II/Lab_12%3A_Isolation_and_Identification_of_Enterobacteriaceae_and_Pseudomonas%2C_Part_1 Why Do Your Dog's Feet Smell Like Popcorn? https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/25030/why-do-your-dogs-feet-smell-popcorn Sniffing The Feet For Infection https://www.popsci.com/sniffing-feet-infection/ In-vitro diagnosis of single and poly microbial species targeted for diabetic foot infection using e-nose technology https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12859-015-0601-5 Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 31 - What’s That “Fall Smell” and Why Do We Love It?

24 novembre 2020

Thank you to Target for supporting PBS. You can learn more at: https://target.com/community Share your story today: https://to.pbs.org/3izZeXh We asked people across the country “What does fall mean to you?,” and most of them couldn’t stop talking about fall smells. So what’s the chemistry behind those smells, and why do they make us so happy? #fall #smell #autumn You might also like: That Fresh Cut Grass Scent is Really a Signal of Distress https://youtu.be/suGk8eZyN34 How Did Climate Change Help Turn the Sky Orange? https://youtu.be/foeLC08-nrk Why Does Humidity Feel Gross? https://youtu.be/GtmOlpbkQDw Why Do Leaves Change Color? https://youtu.be/X0nWmTeQPfo How to Survive the Snow and Ice https://youtu.be/KOtVJxQXBNM Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Lelia Duman, PhD Rachel Herz, PhD Steven D. Munger, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Sources: The scent of a season: Explaining the aromas of fall https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2018/10/19/scent-season-explaining-aromas-fall/ The Science Behind The Smell Of Fall https://www.theodysseyonline.com/does-october-really-have-smell The science behind the smell of fall https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/the-smell-of-fall-1.5265513#:~:text=The%20dominant%20earthy%20smells%20of,smell%20of%20a%20leaf%20pile. It’s One of Autumn’s Best Scents, but Not Everyone Smells It https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/26/science/katsura-leaves-scent.html Why Do We Smell the Change of Seasons? https://gizmodo.com/why-do-we-smell-the-change-of-seasons-1735548623 The Real Reason Why Fall Air Has a Unique Smell https://bestlifeonline.com/fall-smell-causes/?nab=1&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F Why Fall Feels Different in the Bay Area https://baynature.org/article/fall-feels-different-bay-area-smell-change/ Fall smells around the world https://www.michiganradio.org/post/what-fall-smells-michigan-and-around-world Rose compounds https://science.sciencemag.org/content/349/6243/81.long The Smells of Fall https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/17089/smells-fall Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 1 - The Science of Kombucha

15 décembre 2020

What is kombucha? And are there limits to what we can turn into kombucha? #kombucha #fermentation #ferment You might also like: How is Kimchi Made? https://youtu.be/DG4afs7C1XI What is Natto? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9a7LKle9AQ What Are Century Eggs? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NL8kMj-GlLs How Is Whiskey Made? https://youtu.be/cR7Bt9Ei_zI Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Lelia Duman, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Sources: Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=114&showFR=1 Kombucha Tea Fermentation: Microbial and Biochemical Dynamics https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26796581/ Hepatoprotective and Curative Properties of Kombucha Tea Against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Toxicity https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19420997/ Sequence-based Analysis of the Bacterial and Fungal Compositions of Multiple Kombucha (Tea Fungus) Samples https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24290641/ The Yeast Spectrum of the 'Tea Fungus Kombucha' https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8559192/ Surviving Antioxidant Supplements https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17505064/ Lead Induced Oxidative Stress: Beneficial Effects of Kombucha Tea https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14631833/ Studies on Toxicity, Anti-Stress and Hepato-Protective Properties of Kombucha Tea https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11723720/ Kombucha Fermentation and Its Antimicrobial Activity https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10888589/ Hypoglycemic and Antilipidemic Properties of Kombucha Tea in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22591682/ Antiproliferative and Antimicrobial Activity of Traditional Kombucha and Satureja Montana L. Kombucha https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18979556/ Taking a bite out of food waste https://blog.frontiersin.org/2020/02/28/taking-a-bite-out-of-food-waste/ Wasted Bread as Substrate for the Cultivation of Starters for the Food Industry https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00293/full?utm_source=fweb&utm_medium=nblog&utm_campaign=ba-sl-fmicb-wasted-bread-industry A Case of Kombucha Tea Toxicity https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19460826/ Probable Gastrointestinal Toxicity of Kombucha Tea: Is This Beverage Healthy or Harmful? https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9346462/ Kombucha Science https://www.illinoisscience.org/2019/07/kombucha-science-behind-craze/ Understanding Kombucha Tea Fermentation: A Review https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1750-3841.14068 FDA’s guidelines on pH https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=114&showFR=1#:~:text=(1)%20Acidified%20foods%20shall%20be,accordance%20with%20the%20scheduled%20process. Acetic Acid Bacteria in the Food Industry: Systematics, Characteristics and Applications https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6117990/ A Review on Kombucha Tea—Microbiology, Composition, Fermentation, Beneficial Effects, Toxicity, and Tea Fungus https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1541-4337.12073#:~:text=Acetic%20acid%20bacteria%20from%20kombucha,used%20as%20a%20carbon%20source.&text=Glucuronic%20and%20gluconic%20acids%20are,fermentation%20process%20on%20traditional%20substrate Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 2 - Why is Breast Milk Special (Making Better Formula)

15 janvier 2021

Why don’t we have baby formula that’s just as good as breast milk? Sam chats with chemist Dr. Steven Townsend, who’s trying to figure out which sugar molecules in breast milk make it so unique and difficult to recreate in the lab. #breastmilk #babyformula #formula #milk For more about Dr. Townsend and his research, check out his C&EN Talented 12 profile: https://cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/natural-products/Steven-D-Townsend/97/i33 You might also like: You Might Not Want to Mix These 5 Things With Birth Control https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=34tp9CCpOA0&list=PLtLT74crQcwV7Jr_KJJ7K8LgcW3LCP8u0&index=27 How Do Pregnancy Tests Work? youtube.com/watch?v=jc2_iBZ9r_k&list=PLtLT74crQcwV7Jr_KJJ7K8LgcW3LCP8u0&index=33 Why Do We Get Allergies? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vFZlxQU0Pyk&list=PLtLT74crQcwV7Jr_KJJ7K8LgcW3LCP8u0&index=30 Is Aspartame Safe? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vFZlxQU0Pyk&list=PLtLT74crQcwV7Jr_KJJ7K8LgcW3LCP8u0&index=30 Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Lelia Duman, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Steven D. Townsend, PhD Sources: Effects of Infant Formula With Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Growth and Morbidity: A Randomized Multicenter Trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28107288/ A Solution to Antifolate Resistance in Group B Streptococcus: Untargeted Metabolomics Identifies Human Milk Oligosaccharide-Induced Perturbations that Result in Potentiation of Trimethoprim. https://mbio.asm.org/content/11/2/e00076-20?rss=1 Interrogation of Human Milk Oligosaccharide Fucosylation Patterns for Structural Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Trends in Group B Streptococcus. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00234 Lacto-N-Tetraose Exhibit Antimicrobial Activity Against Group B Streptococcus. https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2014/OB/C8OB02080A#!divAbstract Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Human Milk Oligosaccharides Against Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter baumannii. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsinfecdis.7b00183 The Human Milk Glycome as a Defense Against Infectious Diseases https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsinfecdis.7b00209 Human Milk Oligosaccharides Exhibit Antimicrobial and Anti-Biofilm Properties Against Group B Streptococcus. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsinfecdis.7b00064 Steven D. Townsend: Oligosaccharide explorer is solving the mysteries of breast milk sugars https://cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/natural-products/Steven-D-Townsend/97/i33

Épisode 3 - Why Doesn’t Banana Candy Taste Like Banana?

3 février 2021

There’s a myth that one variety of banana tastes a lot like artificial banana flavoring. We tracked it down to investigate if it’s as “banana-y” as the myth claims. #banana #grosmichel #cavendish #isoamylacetate #artificialflavor You can check out Dr. Curtis Pulliam’s preliminary banana data here: http://bit.ly/3rfhgSL While we ate some Laffy Taffys in the making of this video, we have no connection with the Laffy Taffy company. You might also like: Coffee Roasting Chemistry Throwdown: PhD vs. BS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Wey8GSglkw&list=PLtLT74crQcwXifCszpuk21I4ye3ghf-kV&index=69 Why Does Food Make Your Mouth Water? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lWdR87Qnb3g The Science of Spotting Fake Foods https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V_JIjJJ8Zq0 The Ultimate Donut Battle: Cake vs. Yeast https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u68ZnxzWj5k&list=PLtLT74crQcwXifCszpuk21I4ye3ghf-kV&index=58 Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Samantha Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Nadia Berenstein, PhD Pamela Dalton, PhD Lelia Duman, PhD Michelle Boucher, PhD Sources: A History of Flavoring Food With Beaver Butt Juice https://www.vice.com/en/article/a3m885/a-history-of-flavoring-food-with-beaver-butt-juice Making isoamyl acetate in a chemistry lab https://www.chemistryworld.com/podcasts/isoamyl-acetate/7609.article Influence of different banana cultivars on volatile compounds during ripening in cold storage https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0963996912003225 Inﬂuence of harvest season on volatile aroma constituents of two banana cultivars by electronic nose and HS-SPME coupled with GC-MS https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030442382030042X Banana flavor: Insights into isoamyl acetate production https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232768660_Banana_flavor_Insights_into_isoamyl_acetate_production Aromatic Profile of Aqueous Banana Essence and Banana Fruit by Gas Chromatography−Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Gas Chromatography−Olfactometry (GC-O) https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf010471k A Perspective on Chemosensory Quality Coding https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978012809324523784X Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 4 - COVID, One Year Later: What Do We Know Now?

16 février 2021

We’re catching up with experts we talked to at the start of the pandemic and asking: what do we know now that we didn’t back then? CDC guidance on masks: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/diy-cloth-face-coverings.html You might also like: Why Are Antibody Tests Failing? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqudyDnnvJo Coronavirus Drugs: Where Are We and What's Next? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AIpeZDR9i3E How Much Do Cloth Masks Protect You From Getting the Coronavirus? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=knCseXki4gE Moderna COVID Vaccine: 95% Effective (So Far), How Does It Work? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gDY8pH6OWBc Can Soap REALLY "Kill" the Coronavirus? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K2pMVimI2bw Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Leila Duman, PhD Benjamin Neuman, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Shan Soe-Lin, PhD Vincent Racaniello, PhD Sources: Continually updated mask guidelines https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/diy-cloth-face-coverings.html Scientific Brief: Community Use of Cloth Masks to Control the Spread of SARS-CoV-2 https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/more/masking-science-sars-cov2.html SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867420302294 Receptor binding and priming of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 for membrane fusion https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2772-0 Final report confirms remdesivir benefits for COVID-19 https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/final-report-confirms-remdesivir-benefits-covid-19#:~:text=Studies%20in%20cells%20and%20animals,interrupting%20production%20of%20the%20virus. Cell entry mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 https://www.pnas.org/content/117/21/11727 US: Fauci says CDC may recommend wearing two masks to fight virus https://www.livemint.com/news/world/us-fauci-says-cdc-may-recommend-wearing-two-masks-to-fight-virus-11612284079702.html Co-receptor https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/co-receptor Evidence that TMPRSS2 Activates the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein for Membrane Fusion and Reduces Viral Control by the Humoral Immune Response https://jvi.asm.org/content/85/9/4122 Outcomes of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients Recently Recovered From Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2768916 WHO timeline https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/interactive-timeline#! Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/more/science-and-research/scientific-brief-emerging-variants.html Europe’s growing mask ask: Ditch the cloth ones for medical-grade coverings https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/europe-coronavirus-masks-regulations/2021/01/20/23463c08-5a74-11eb-a849-6f9423a75ffd_story.html Time to double or upgrade masks as coronavirus variants emerge, experts say https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2021/01/27/double-mask-variants-guidance/ Antiviral Drugs That Are Approved or Under Evaluation for the Treatment of COVID-19 https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/antiviral-therapy/ Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 5 - The Science of How Life Started

4 mars 2021

How did life get started on Earth? And how are we using what we know to look for it throughout the galaxy? You might also like: Why is Carbon the Key to Life? (On Earth, Anyway) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VUiDwrM2YPI Space Mirrors and Other Weird Ways to Fight Climate Change https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9agoVDFJs8A What Meteors Reveal About Earth’s Hidden Past https://youtu.be/3TE1eedWO9w What Does the Moon Smell Like? https://youtu.be/iQod_oYnFTc Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Jason Dworkin, PhD Lelia Duman, PhD Nicholas Hud, PhD Sources: Phosphine gas in the cloud decks of Venus https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-020-1174-4 Habitable zones of different stars https://www.nasa.gov/ames/kepler/habitable-zones-of-different-stars The Habitable Zone https://www.planetary.org/articles/what-is-the-habitable-zone#:~:text=Earth%20is%20the%20only%20planet,Sun%20to%20harbor%20liquid%20water.&text=Venus%20may%20have%20once%20had,the%20liquid%20water%20to%20evaporate. Protein Synthesis and the Genetic Code https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Eastern_Mennonite_University/EMU%3A_Chemistry_for_the_Life_Sciences_(Cessna)/19%3A_Nucleic_Acids/19.4%3A_Protein_Synthesis_and_the_Genetic_Code#:~:text=The%20genetic%20code%20can%20therefore,seen%2C%20is%20called%20a%20codon. Early life on earth https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200115-what-the-earliest-life-on-earth-looked-like Phosphate backbone https://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/phosphate-backbone-273/ Phosphodiester Bond https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/phosphodiester-bond Primordial soup https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a34649466/primordial-soup-theory-origins-of-life-darwin/ Life on Venus? The picture gets cloudier https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/08/science/venus-life-phosphine.html A Biologist Explains: What is Life? https://www.forbes.com/sites/jvchamary/2019/03/27/what-is-life/?sh=42ca4f0e1c77 Alternative Definitions of Life: Perspective Matters https://www.sfu.ca/colloquium/PDC_Top/OoL/whatislife/Vikingmission.html#:~:text=The%20NASA%20Astrobiology%20Institute%20Definition,a%20simple%20test%20for%20life. The Seven Pillars of Life https://science.sciencemag.org/content/295/5563/2215 Darwinian Evolution https://www.livescience.com/474-controversy-evolution-works.html Water on Mars https://www.space.com/8642-flashback-water-mars-announced-10-years.html Life on other planets? https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/faq/5/is-there-life-on-other-planets/ Exoplanet atmospheres https://www.physics.uu.se/research/astronomy-and-space-physics/research/planets/exoplanet-atmospheres/#:~:text=The%20most%20successful%20method%20for,is%20the%20transit%20spectroscopy%20method.&text=By%20measuring%20the%20fraction%20of,the%20atmosphere%20can%20be%20inferred. Hubble versus James Webb Telescope https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/content/about/comparisonWebbVsHubble.html#:~:text=Webb%20will%20primarily%20look%20at,it%20has%20some%20infrared%20capability Ingredients for life in space https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/eight-ingredients-life-in-space.html Habitability on Mars from a Microbial Point of View https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00866015/document Vocabulary of Definitions of Life Suggests a Definition https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/073911011010524992 Goddard Media Studios--transit spectroscopy https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11428 Phosphine gas found in Venus’ atmosphere may be ‘a possible sign of life’ https://www.sciencenews.org/article/phosphine-gas-found-venus-atmosphere-possible-sign-life#:~:text=But%20the%20signature%20of%20phosphine,absorbs%20light%20in%20that%20wavelength.&text=Phosphine%20takes%20a%20fair%20amount,is%20found%20in%20Venus'%20atmosphere. NASA definition of life https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/research/life-detection/about/#:~:text=The%20NASA%20definition%20of%20life,life%20we%20know%20%E2%80%94Terran%20life. Meteoritic Amino Acids: Diversity in Compositions Reflects Parent Body Histories https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acscentsci.6b00074 A search for amino acids and nucleobases in the Martian meteorite Roberts Massif 04262 using liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/maps.12103 The 1953 Stanley L. Miller Experiment: Fifty Years of Prebiotic Organic Chemistry https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1024807125069 Prebiotic Soup--Revisiting the Miller Experiment https://science.sciencemag.org/content/300/5620/745.full Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 6 - Dog's Nose vs. Electronic Explosives Detector, Who Would Win?

17 mars 2021

#bombsniffer #k9 #bombdetector #chemicaldetector What’s better at finding a hidden bomb--a dog, or an electronic chemical detector? Let’s find out. You might also like: How Can Fertilizer Explode?: https://youtu.be/-SeT3N3A19c What Makes Smartphones Explode? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pY-kzHn9kvo What Could An Explosion On the Sun Do Here On Earth? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i7mZBaleCFE What Exactly Happened at Chernobyl? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uvpS2lUHZD8 Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Lauryn DeGreef, PhD Leila Duman, PhD Mark Fisher, PhD Simon Gadbois, PhD Braden C. Giordano, PhD Eileen Jenkins, DVM Steven Munger, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Sources: Detection of land mines by amplified fluorescence quenching of polymer films: a man-portable chemical sniffer for detection of ultratrace concentrations of explosives emanating from land mines https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/4038/0000/Detection-of-land-mines-by-amplified-fluorescence-quenching-of-polymer/10.1117/12.396225.short?SSO=1 Is It Possible to Predict the Odor of a Molecule on the Basis of its Structure? https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6627536/ Odors: from chemical structures to gaseous plumes. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31931034 Vapor Pressure of Hexamethylene Triperoxide Diamine (HMTD) Estimated Using Secondary Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26505487 Detection dogs https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0039914018303552?via%3Dihub Prostate cancer and dog sense of smell https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31808627 Sniffing animals as a diagnostic tool in infectious diseases https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31734357 Demining Dogs in Colombia - A Review of Operational Challenges, Chemical Perspectives, and Practical Implications https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27320400 The Limits of Detection https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/the-limits-of-detection Sniffing Out Bombs: Canine vs. Machine https://www.wired.com/2002/04/sniffing-out-bombs-canine-vs-machine/ Can next-generation bomb ‘sniffing’ technology outdo dogs on explosives detection? https://theconversation.com/can-next-generation-bomb-sniffing-technology-outdo-dogs-on-explosives-detection-60610 Dogs Teach Bomb-Sniffing Machines New Tricks [Podcast episode, 2017] https://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode/dogs-teach-bomb-sniffing-machines-new-tricks/ America Is Running Out of Bomb-Sniffing Dogs [2017 article] https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/04/opinion/sunday/bomb-sniffing-dogs-terrorism-security.html Dog sniffing at the superbowl https://abcnews.go.com/US/mans-best-friend-bomb-sniffing-dogs-securing-super/story?id=68691182 Birds and Dogs: Toward a Comparative Perspective on Odor Use and Detection https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6103309/ Dogs' olfactory diagnostics applied on human species: state of the art and clinical perspectives. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27598027 Odor Perception by Dogs: Evaluating Two Training Approaches for Odor Learning of Sniffer Dogs https://academic.oup.com/chemse/article/42/5/435/3747759 Olfaction and aging https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/381619 Olfactory Generalization in Detector Dogs https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31546835 When the Nose Doesn’t Know: Canine Olfactory Function Associated With Health, Management, and Potential Links to Microbiota https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5884888/ Explosives-sniffing grasshoppers? https://www.newscientist.com/article/2233645-cyborg-grasshoppers-have-been-engineered-to-sniff-out-explosives/ Sniffer dogs in the melanoma clinic? (This is the first study that indicated dogs might be able to sniff out cancers, but it was a case study) https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(89)92257-5/fulltext Canine scent detection for the diagnosis of lung cancer in a screening-like situation https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1752-7155/10/4/046003/meta Conducting polymers in sensor design https://www.intechopen.com/books/conducting-polymers/conducting-polymers-in-sensor-design DARPA Dog’s Nose https://www.discovermagazine.com/technology/future-tech-19 Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 7 - Forever Chemicals

31 mars 2021

Forever chemicals are used in everything from rain jackets to jet fuel. But the chemistry behind what makes them useful also makes them stick around in the environment and us...forever? #pfas #foreverchemicals #pfoa #genx #pfos You might also like: Testing the Best Bomb Detectors: https://youtu.be/TRwqOFHOjac The Top 5 Strangest Poisons That Can Kill You https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hQ0G0GaYR8 The Chemical Origins of Life https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f44OWlsLeT0 Can Mixing Cleaning Chemicals Kill You? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FH1h0oWjark Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: David Andrews, PhD Jamie DeWitt, PhD Leila Duman, PhD Cheryl Hogue Brianne Raccor, PhD Sources: First study on PFAS binding to human serum https://www.jbc.org/article/S0021-9258(18)65805-3/pdf PFAS Half-Life https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/media-uploads/nrdc_pfas_report.pdf Albumin is the major carrier protein for PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, PFNA and PFDA in human plasma https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412019331964 PFAS in the environment https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/environment/solid-waste/documents/esos/sw_esos-13_2018-05-16-1540-jones.pdf An overview of the uses of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2020/em/d0em00291g#!divAbstract Understanding organofluorine chemistry. An introduction to the C–F bond https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2008/cs/b711844a/unauth#!divAbstract EPA Takes Action to Address PFAS in Drinking Water https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/epa-takes-action-address-pfas-drinking-water The hunt is on for GenX chemicals in people https://cen.acs.org/environment/persistent-pollutants/hunt-GenX-chemicals-people/97/i14 Scientific Basis for Managing PFAS as a Chemical Class https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00255 A review of the pathways of human exposure to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and present understanding of health effects https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30470793/ ‘Forever chemicals’ no more? These technologies aim to destroy PFAS in water https://cen.acs.org/environment/persistent-pollutants/Forever-chemicals-technologies-aim-destroy/97/i12 Deposition of PFAS 'forever chemicals' on Mt. Everest https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33353778/ A review of the emerging treatment technologies for PFAS contaminated soils https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32063301/ Human exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) through drinking water: A review of the recent scientific literature https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31421451/ PFAS guide https://cen.acs.org/sections/pfas.html PFAS Research https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/programs/pfas/index.cfm Endocrine Disruption of Androgenic Activity by Perfluoroalkyl Substances: Clinical and Experimental Evidence https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article/104/4/1259/5158211 EPA Action Plan (2019) https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2019-02/documents/pfas_action_plan_021319_508compliant_1.pdf PFAS FDA https://www.fda.gov/food/chemicals/and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-pfas Contamination map in US https://www.ewg.org/interactive-maps/pfas_contamination/map/ Accumulation of perfluoroalkyl substances in human tissues https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412013001220 High Levels Of ‘Forever Chemicals’ Detected In Northern Virginia Drinking Water https://dcist.com/story/21/03/10/high-levels-toxic-pfas-forever-chemicals-northern-virginia-drinking-water/ PFAS fact sheet https://www.ngwa.org/docs/default-source/default-document-library/pfas/pfastop-10.pdf?sfvrsn=8c8ef98b_2#:~:text=Studies%20have%20estimated%2095%20percent,%2C%20inhalation%2C%20and%20occupational%20contact. Accumulation of perfluoroalkyl substances in human tissues https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412013001220?via%3Dihub Binding of PFOS to serum albumin and DNA: insight into the molecular toxicity of perfluorochemicals https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2656506/ How to say goodbye to PFAS https://cen.acs.org/environment/persistent-pollutants/say-goodbye-PFAS/97/i46 Viscous Microemulsions of Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF) and Jet Fuel A Inhibit Infiltration and Subsurface Transport https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00868 Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 8 - Catalytic Converter Stolen? Here's Why.

20 avril 2021

Celebrate Earth Day with our friends at PBS: https://bit.ly/3elpV1w Head over to Eons to find out more about how they're celebrating Earth Day, and tell them Reactions sent you! https://youtu.be/P-YLTbm2GNQ Catalytic converter theft is on the rise, and that’s partly because of their chemistry. You might also like: How Did Climate Change Help Turn the Sky Orange?: https://youtu.be/foeLC08-nrk Space Mirrors and Other Weird Ways to Fight Climate Change https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9agoVDFJs8A The Chemical Origins of Life: https://youtu.be/f44OWlsLeT0 Testing the Best Bomb Detectors: https://youtu.be/TRwqOFHOjac How Do Lithium-Ion Batteries Work?: https://youtu.be/zUlbHMDCosI Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Deborah Aruguete, PhD Leila Duman, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Luis Ricardez Sandoval, PhD Sources: History of Reducing Air Pollution from Transportation in the United States https://www.epa.gov/transportation-air-pollution-and-climate-change/accomplishments-and-success-air-pollution-transportation How smog affects health https://www.epa.ohio.gov/dapc/echeck/whyecheck/healthef Current scenario of CNG vehicular pollution and their possible abatement technologies: an overview https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11356-020-10361-7 Libre texts: Catalytic converters https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Supplemental_Modules_(Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry)/Kinetics/07%3A_Case_Studies-_Kinetics/7.01%3A_Catalytic_Converters Platinum Group Metal Recovery from Spent Catalytic Converters Using XRF https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/metals/platinum-group-metal-recovery-from-spent-catalytic-converters-using-xrf/ Washington University catalytic converters lab tutorial http://www.chemistry.wustl.edu/~edudev/LabTutorials/CourseTutorials/Tutorials/AirQuality/CatalyticConverter.htm BBC Bitesize https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zqd2mp3/revision/6 Thieves Nationwide Are Slithering Under Cars, Swiping Catalytic Converters https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/09/climate/catalytic-converter-theft.html As precious metals prices soar, Minnesota becomes hot spot for catalytic converter thefts https://www.mprnews.org/story/2021/03/16/as-precious-metals-prices-soar-minnesota-becomes-a-hotspot-for-catalytic-converter-thefts Hydrogen peroxide reduction on single platinum nanoparticles https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2020/sc/d0sc00379d Effects of Platinum Electrode on Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Hydrogen Peroxide Formation in Aqueous Phase Pulsed Corona Electrical Discharge https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie0511480 Electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen peroxide at platinum electrodes. Part 1. An adsorption-controlled mechanism https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0013468697001254 A precious metal that costs 15 times the price of gold is driving a surge in thefts of catalytic converters https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/catalytic-converter-theft-south-africa-rhodium/2021/03/03/dc288192-777d-11eb-9489-8f7dacd51e75_story.html Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 9 - Can Science Make Less Addictive Opioids?

29 avril 2021

Will we ever have painkillers as good as opioids, but without the risk of addiction and overdose? #opioids #heroin #opioidcrisis You might also like: What Happens When You Overdose?: https://youtu.be/xLSz3wEgwJ8 Why Are Synthetic Drugs So Dangerous?: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=83gIiBD365E The Top 5 Strangest Poisons That Can Kill You: https://youtu.be/4hQ0G0GaYR8 Can You Take Expired Drugs?: https://youtu.be/aT4qzgEQr-Y What is Addiction?: https://youtu.be/C6I3CHhBGeQ Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Kelly Dunn, PhD Leila Duman, PhD Kim Janda, PhD Sources: Frederich Serturner https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1786314/ Opioid toxicity https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431077/ Opioid overdoses--world stats https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/opioid-overdose#:~:text=difficulties%20with%20breathing.-,Worldwide%2C%20about%200.5%20million%20deaths%20are%20attributable%20to%20drug%20use,of%20opioid%20overdose%20in%202017 Opioid death rates in the US https://www.drugabuse.gov/drug-topics/trends-statistics/overdose-death-rates#:~:text=Opioid%2Dinvolved%20overdose%20deaths%20rose,in%202018%20with%2046%2C802%20deaths. Inside the Story of America’s 19th-Century Opiate Addiction https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/inside-story-americas-19th-century-opiate-addiction-180967673/ Abuse-deterrent opioids https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-09545-cover2 NIH solicits research into vaccines that protect against opioid use https://www.genengnews.com/insights/nih-solicits-research-into-vaccines-to-protect-against-opioid-use/ Vaccines against addictive drugs push forward despite past failures https://cen.acs.org/articles/96/i8/Vaccines-against-addictive-drugs-push.html?utm_source=ACSMembership&utm_medium=Webinar&utm_campaign=CEN Looking beyond opioids for safer pain relief https://cen.acs.org/articles/95/i45/chemists-responding-opioid-epidemic.html?utm_source=ACSMembership&utm_medium=Webinar&utm_campaign=CEN Opioid abuse timeline (FDA) https://www.fda.gov/drugs/information-drug-class/timeline-selected-fda-activities-and-significant-events-addressing-opioid-misuse-and-abuse Overdose death rates https://www.drugabuse.gov/drug-topics/trends-statistics/overdose-death-rates#:~:text=Opioid%2Dinvolved%20overdose%20deaths%20rose,in%202018%20with%2046%2C802%20deaths. Prostaglandins https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Biological_Chemistry)/Lipids/Fatty_Acids/Prostaglandins#:~:text=Prostaglandin%20Structure-,Prostaglandins%20are%20unsaturated%20carboxylic%20acids%2C%20consisting%20of%20of%20a%2020,two%2C%20or%20three%20double%20bonds.&text=A%20typical%20structure%20is%20on%20the%20left%20graphic. God’s Own Medicine https://skepticalinquirer.org/2017/03/gods-own-medicine/ Heroin https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Heroin Ibuprofen https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Ibuprofen Oxycodone https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Oxycodone Heroin chapter https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B0123693977004568 Structure of ibuprofen bound to COX-2 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4276492/ Use of Oxycodone in Pain Management https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4018705/#:~:text=Oxycodone%20is%20an%20analgesic%20opioid,market%20in%201996%20(2). Overcoming opioids: The quest for less addictive drugs https://www.statnews.com/2017/04/17/opioids-quest-less-addictive-drugs/ Rats prefer sugar to heroin https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28645064/ NIDA heroin info https://www.drugabuse.gov/sites/default/files/heroinrrs_11_14.pdf Heroin History https://www.hazelden.org/HAZ_MEDIA/7988_heroin.pdf Frontline PBS: Opium throughout history https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/heroin/etc/history.html The Ongoing Opioid Prescription Epidemic: Historical Context https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4940677/ Heroin’s Addiction’s Fraught History https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2014/02/heroin-addictions-fraught-history/284001/ Heroin Prescription and History https://core.ac.uk/reader/189542775?utm_source=linkout Addiction medications https://americanaddictioncenters.org/addiction-medications Opiate history https://www.michaelshouse.com/opiate-rehab/history-of-opiates/ Death Tolls https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/epidemic/index.html Overdose Increases https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/p1218-overdose-deaths-covid-19.html Etanercept https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545252/ Produced by the American Chemical Society. Join the American Chemical Society! http://bit.ly/Join_acsmembership

Épisode 10 - We ?Burned? Food to Figure Out How Many Calories It Has

12 mai 2021

Did you know that a calorie label only has to be accurate within twenty percent? It’s a wide margin, but it exists for a reason: calories are complicated. You might also like: Why Doesn’t Banana Candy Taste Like Banana?: https://youtu.be/zECg-21dYLI Will It Kombucha?: https://youtu.be/YxARRckS9dA Is Milk Really the Best Solution to Hot Pepper Heat?: https://youtu.be/8R98O29Fs7s The Ultimate Coffee Roasting Chemistry Throwdown: https://youtu.be/4Wey8GSglkw #calories #nutrition #diet Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Leila Duman, PhD Janet Novotny, PhD Joshua Petimar, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Sources: Energy in pistachios https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21733319/ Baer D J, Gebauer SK, Novotny JA. Measured energy value of pistachios in the human diet. Br J Nutr 2012; 107 (1):120-5. Energy in almonds https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22760558/ Novotny JA, Gebauer SK, Baer DJ. Discrepancy between the Atwater factor predicted and empirically measured energy values of almonds in human diets. Am J Clin Nutr 2012; 96 (2):296-301. Energy in walnuts https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26581681/ Baer DJ, Gebauer SK, Novotny JA. Walnuts Consumed by Healthy Adults Provide Less Available Energy than Predicted by the Atwater Factors. J Nutr 2016; 146 (1):9-13. Energy in different forms of almonds https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27713968/ Gebauer SK, Novotny JA, Bornhorst GM, Baer DJ. Food processing and structure impact the metabolizable energy of almonds. Food & Function 2016; 7(10):4231-4238. Energy in cashews https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30586843/ Baer DJ, Novotny JA. Metabolizable Energy from Cashew Nuts is Less than that Predicted by Atwater Factors. Nutrients 2019; 24;11(1). Weighing in on calories https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/resources/highschool/chemmatters/past-issues/2017-2018/april2018/weighing-in-on-calories.html Calorie restriction https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/calorie-restriction-and-fasting-diets-what-do-we-know H.R.3562 - Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990 https://www.congress.gov/bill/101st-congress/house-bill/3562 What are calories? https://www.livescience.com/52802-what-is-a-calorie.html Understanding calories https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/healthy-weight/understanding-calories/ Food label accuracy https://health.usnews.com/health-news/blogs/eat-run/2012/08/21/when-nutrition-labels-lie#:~:text=Unfortunately%2C%20Nutrition%20Facts%20labels%20are,not%20be%20violating%20the%20law. Bomb calorimeter https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/bomb-calorimeter How are calories calculated? https://www.livescience.com/62808-how-calories-are-calculated.html#:~:text=To%20use%20this%20tool%2C%20scientists,only%20way%20to%20measure%20calories. How Do Food Manufacturers Calculate the Calorie Count of Packaged Foods? https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-do-food-manufacturers/ General chemistry: calorimeter https://courses.lumenlearning.com/sanjacinto-atdcoursereview-genchemistry1-1/chapter/calorimetry/

Épisode 11 - Does Sugar Cause Diabetes?

26 mai 2021

If you have diabetes, you have way too much sugar in your bloodstream. So does eating a lot of sugar cause it? #diabetes #bloodsugar #insulin You might also like: Are Food Calories Bull-oney?: https://youtu.be/ahvE5kuWcps How Much Candy Would Kill You?: https://youtu.be/RNOycTzN-fg What's the Difference Between Sugar and High Fructose Corn Syrup?: https://youtu.be/fXMvregmU1g Do Ketogenic Diets Really Work?: https://youtu.be/nU07pvKK7nw How to Stay Awake Without Caffeine: https://youtu.be/SvEQBURrPow Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Thomas Delong, PhD Leila Duman, PhD Peter Havel, DVM, PhD Katie Page, MD Brianne Raccor, PhD Kimber Stanhope, PhD Sources: Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and fruit juice and incidence of type 2 diabetes: systematic review, meta-analysis, and estimation of population attributable fraction https://www.bmj.com/content/351/bmj.h3576 Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/33/11/2477 A Prospective Study of Sugar Intake and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/diacare/26/4/1008.full.pdf Gestational diabetes https://www.diabetes.org/diabetes/gestational-diabetes/how-will-this-impact-my-baby Type 2 diabetes https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/type2.html Diabetes https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444 Visceral fat and diabetes https://www.diabetes.co.uk/body/visceral-fat.html Gestational diabetes https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gestational-diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20355339 Symptoms & Causes of Diabetes https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/symptoms-causes Sugar and diabetes https://www.diabetes.org.uk/guide-to-diabetes/enjoy-food/eating-with-diabetes/food-groups/sugar-and-diabetes Does eating too much sugar cause diabetes? https://chicagocaresdpp.org/does-eating-too-much-sugar-cause-diabetes/ Why too much sugar is bad for you https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/too-much-sugar Does sugar cause diabetes? https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/does-sugar-cause-diabetes#bottom-line Belly fat promotes diabetes https://www.cuimc.columbia.edu/news/belly-fat-promotes-diabetes-under-orders-liver#:~:text=The%20fat%20that%20builds%20up,determining%20what%20causes%20the%20inflammation. Sugar and diabetes https://www.pcrm.org/news/blog/does-sugar-cause-diabetes Reiser, S., et al., Isocaloric exchange of dietary starch and sucrose in humans. II. Effect on fasting blood insulin, glucose, and glucagon and on insulin and glucose response to a sucrose load. Am J Clin Nutr, 1979. 32(11): p. 2206-16. Hallfrisch, J., et al., Effects of dietary fructose on plasma glucose and hormone responses in normal and hyperinsulinemic men. J Nutr, 1983. 113(9): p. 1819-26. Reiser, S., et al., Serum insulin and glucose in hyperinsulinemic subjects fed three different levels of sucrose. Am J Clin Nutr, 1981. 34(11): p. 2348-58. Schwarz, J.M., et al., Effect of a High-Fructose Weight-Maintaining Diet on Lipogenesis and Liver Fat. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2015. 100(6): p. 2434-42. Aeberli I, Hochuli M, Gerber PA, Sze L, Murer SB, Tappy L, Spinas GA, Berneis K. Moderate amounts of fructose consumption impair insulin sensitivity in healthy young men: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care. 2013 Jan;36(1):150-6. Stanhope KL, Schwarz JM, Keim NL, Griffen SC, Bremer AA, Graham JL, Hatcher B, Cox CL, Dyachenko A, Zhang W, McGahan JP, Seibert A, Krauss RM, Chiu S, Schaefer EJ, Ai M, Otokozawa S, Nakajima K, Nakano T, Beysen C, Hellerstein MK, Berglund L, Havel PJ. Consuming fructose-sweetened, not glucose-sweetened, beverages increases visceral adiposity and lipids and decreases insulin sensitivity in overweight/obese humans. J Clin Invest. 2009 May;119(5):1322-34.

Épisode 12 - Pub Chemistry Trivia to Help You Interact With Humans

9 juin 2021

Excited to get back out in the world but worried you’ve forgotten how to talk to other humans? We have some chemistry trivia to help ease you back in. #trivia #chemistry ++ Note: A viewer pointed out (thank you Ryan Herold!) that we said pickle fermentation produces vinegar (acetic acid) but it actually produces lactic acid. Acetic acid is also a product of fermentation, just not the same fermentation involved in pickling. You might also like: Will It Kombucha? https://youtu.be/YxARRckS9dA Are Food Calories Bulloney? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ahvE5kuWcps COVID, One Year Later: What Do We Know Now? https://youtu.be/41l4DBdK7Bw The Ultimate Coffee Roasting Chemistry Throwdown https://youtu.be/4Wey8GSglkw Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Leila Duman, PhD Matt Hartings, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Sources: ‘Sniffing out’ fruity thiols in hoppy beers https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/presspacs/2021/acs-presspac-january-6-2021/sniffing-out-fruity-thiols-in-hoppy-beers.html For A Proper Pretzel Crust, Count On Chemistry And Memories https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2014/08/09/338591194/for-a-proper-pretzel-crust-count-on-chemistry-and-memories#:~:text=In%20the%20case%20of%20the,small%20sugars%20and%20amino%20acids. Food chemists uncover the secrets behind pretzels’ unique scent https://cen.acs.org/environment/food-science/Food-chemists-uncover-secrets-behind/97/i25 Cracking open the mystery of how many bubbles are in a glass of beer https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/presspacs/2021/acs-presspac-april-21-2021/cracking-open-the-mystery-of-how-many-bubbles-are-in-a-glass-of-beer.html Hops https://www.hopculture.com/what-are-hops/ The chemistry of cocktail foam https://www.compoundchem.com/2016/04/18/shtb-foams/ Molecular mixed drinks https://viralnova.com/molecular-mixology/

Épisode 13 - How Lead (Maybe?) Caused the Downfall of the Roman Empire

23 juin 2021

Ancient Rome’s emperors did some pretty bizarre stuff—bursting into uncontrollable fits of laughter, appointing a horse as a priest, dressing in animal skins and attacking people… the list goes on. Why did they act this way? Possibly… lead poisoning. In this week’s episode, we unwrap the possibility that lead caused the Roman Empire’s collapse. You might also like: The Top 5 Strangest Poisons That Can Kill You https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hQ0G0GaYR8 How Do Blacksmiths Make Swords?: https://youtu.be/Y_43_u9u_Ag The US Military Gave Out Shark Repellent For Years. . . So Why Did They Stop? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4u54c7cRAog Are We Breathing Caesar's Last Breath: https://youtu.be/a4v5U4J373k Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Leila Duman, PhD Christopher Holstege, MD Brianne Raccor, PhD Sean Scott, PhD SOURCES Why ancient Rome kept choosing bizarre and perverted emperors https://www.vox.com/2015/5/7/8564895/crazy-roman-emperors Neuronal Calcium Signaling https://www.cell.com/neuron/comments/S0896-6273(00)80510-3 The cationic (calcium and lead) and enzyme conundrum https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30917763/ Pb Neurotoxicity: Neuropsychological Effects of Lead Toxicity https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3909981/ Lead and Lead Poisoning from Antiquity to Modern Times https://kb.osu.edu/bitstream/handle/1811/23252/V088N3-078.pdf?sequence=1 The Exposure of Some Romano-British Populations to Lead https://www.jstor.org/stable/26294986?seq=1 Lead in ancient human bones and its relevance to historical developments of social problems with lead https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0048969787903664 Enhanced methods for assessment of the trace element composition of Iron Age bone https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969708002350 The first artificial sweetener poisoned lots of Romans https://gizmodo.com/the-first-artificial-sweetener-poisoned-lots-of-romans-5877587 Lead Chemistry https://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/82/lead Why lead is dangerous, and the damage it does https://theconversation.com/why-lead-is-dangerous-and-the-damage-it-does-116506 Lead poisoning and health https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/lead-poisoning-and-health Tracking Roman lead sources using lead isotope analysis. A case study from the imperial rural estate at Vagnari (Puglia, Italy) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352409X2100033X?via%3Dihub Lead between the lines https://www.nature.com/articles/nchem.1761 Lead in ancient Rome’s city waters https://www.pnas.org/content/111/18/6594 Lead poisoning and the fall of Rome https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2016/02/17/lead-poisoning-and-the-fall-of-rome/ Deadly lead: how lead poisoning affected the Roman Empire https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/news/nr/lead-poisoning-roman-empire-research-italy-archaeology-1.740191 Londinium Romans’ blood lead levels so high they may have lowered birth rates https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/londinium-romans-blood-lead-levels-so-high-they-may-have-lowered-birth-rates/4010808.article Lead: Versatile Metal, Long Legacy https://sites.dartmouth.edu/toxmetal/more-metals/lead-versatile-metal-long-legacy/ Ancient Roman Metal Used for Physics Experiments Ignites Science Feud https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/ancient-roman-lead-physics-archaeology-controversy/ ScienceShot: Did Lead Poisoning Bring Down Ancient Rome? https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2014/04/scienceshot-did-lead-poisoning-bring-down-ancient-rome#:~:text=Some%20historians%20argue%20that%20lead,and%20hastened%20the%20empire's%20fall.&text=While%20the%20lead%20contamination%20was,major%20culprit%20in%20Rome's%20demise. Elevated lead exposure in Roman occupants of Londinium: New evidence from the archaeological record https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/arcm.12513 Saturnine Gout among Roman Aristocrats — Did Lead Poisoning Contribute to the Fall of the Empire? https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJM198303173081123 The deadly biology of lead exposure https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2016/deadly-biology-lead-exposure/ Former Michigan Gov. Rick Snyder Charged In Flint Water Crisis https://www.npr.org/2021/01/13/956592508/new-charges-in-flint-water-crisis-including-former-michigan-gov-rick-snyder

Épisode 14 - How Does Carbon Capture Work?

7 juillet 2021

Elon Musk is shelling out a hundred millions dollars to anyone who can come up with a way of removing CO2 from our atmosphere. Time to win that sweet, sweet carbon capture money. Here’s that very cool carbon dioxide removal and storage proposal we mentioned in the video: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c08561 #carboncapture #co2 #climatesolutions You might also like: Catalytic Converter Stolen? Here's Why.: https://youtu.be/I1YLPfSuNXY How Do We Fight the California Fires?: https://youtu.be/fNGq8hEuNb8 How Did Climate Change Help Turn the Sky Orange?: https://youtu.be/foeLC08-nrk The Chemical Origins of Life: https://youtu.be/f44OWlsLeT0 Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Leila Duman, PhD Peter Psarras, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Sources: Carbonplan.org https://carbonplan.org/ Carbon Dioxide removal primer https://cdrprimer.org/ Weight of Earth’s atmosphere https://www.britannica.com/story/how-much-does-earths-atmosphere-weigh#:~:text=The%20total%20mass%20of%20Earth's,one%20millionth%20of%20Earth's%20mass. CO2 emitted each year https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/how-much-carbon-dioxide-does-united-states-and-world-emit-each-year-energy-sources?qt-news_science_products=0#qt-news_science_products Carbon capture and storage https://www.nap.edu/read/10922/chapter/9#85 CC prizes https://massivesci.com/articles/elon-musk-prize-earthshot-bezos/ Elon Musk’s X prize https://www.xprize.org/prizes/elonmusk Compressing CO2 https://www.ascoco2.com/us/co2-production-and-co2-recovery-plants/general-information-about-co2 Better carbon capture through chemistry https://cen.acs.org/articles/93/web/2015/12/Better-Carbon-Capture-Through-Chemistry.htmlv Carbon Capture Technologies Are Improving Nicely https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/carbon-capture-technologies-are-improving-nicely/ Carbon capture and storage https://scied.ucar.edu/learning-zone/climate-solutions/carbon-capture-storage Carbon capture and storage 101 https://www.rff.org/publications/explainers/carbon-capture-and-storage-101/ Carbon capture https://www.c2es.org/content/carbon-capture/ Carbon capture technology has been around for decades — here’s why it hasn’t taken off https://www.cnbc.com/2021/01/31/carbon-capture-technology.html Underground storage of carbon captured directly from air—green and economical https://phys.org/news/2021-06-underground-storage-carbon-captured-airgreen.html What is carbon sequestration? https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/what-carbon-sequestration?qt-news_science_products=0#qt-news_science_products Carbon capture coalition https://carboncapturecoalition.org/ Carbonate chemistry https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/469-carbonate-chemistry To Combat Climate Change, Researchers Want to Pull Carbon Dioxide From the Ocean and Turn It Into Rock https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/combat-climate-change-researchers-want-to-pull-carbon-dioxide-from-ocean-and-turn-it-into-rock-180977903/ IPCC carbon stats https://www.ipcc.ch/2018/10/08/summary-for-policymakers-of-ipcc-special-report-on-global-warming-of-1-5c-approved-by-governments/ Carbon absorbed by trees https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/2016-2-march-april/ask-mr-green/how-much-carbon-do-trees-really-store Daily CO2 https://www.co2.earth/daily-co2 Saline Water-Based Mineralization Pathway for Gigatonne-Scale CO2 Management https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c08561 Running Tide Technologies https://www.npr.org/2021/03/01/970670565/run-the-oil-industry-in-reverse-fighting-climate-change-by-farming-kelp Saline Aquifers http://igutek.scripts.mit.edu/terrascope/?page=Saline

Épisode 15 - How Does Sunscreen Work? Can it Really Prevent Wrinkles and Cancer?

21 juillet 2021

To learn more about sunscreen, check out Ingredients at http://www.rebrand.ly/Ingredients Does slathering on sunscreen do anything beyond preventing a sunburn? Can it actually stop us from getting wrinkles or skin cancer? #sunscreen #skincancer #sunburn #wrinkles You might also like: The World's Most Unavoidable Carcinogen: https://youtu.be/7ZXvngquyT4 How Do Anti-Wrinkle Creams Work?: https://youtu.be/2ueEEwg7bck What is Ringworm and How Do You Get Rid of It?: https://youtu.be/oM3HlbVIw6A How Does Moisturizer Work?: https://youtu.be/QdNPiW4ZULk What's the Deal with Acne?: https://youtu.be/KrMbwDil1hc Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Leila Duman, PhD Brian Diffey, PhD Uli Osterwalder, MS Brianne Raccor, PhD Sources: Ingredients: The strange chemistry of what we put in us and on us https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/599202/ingredients-by-george-zaidan/ Shedding More Light on Sunscreen Absorption https://www.fda.gov/news-events/fda-voices/shedding-more-light-sunscreen-absorption FDA advances new proposed regulation to make sure that sunscreens are safe and effective https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-advances-new-proposed-regulation-make-sure-sunscreens-are-safe-and-effective New sunscreens and the precautionary principle https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26885870/ Protein oxidation, UVA and human DNA repair https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4962777/ Use of sunscreen and risk of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29620003/ How do the chemicals in sunscreen protect our skin from damage https://theconversation.com/how-do-the-chemicals-in-sunscreen-protect-our-skin-from-damage-74355 Sunscreen and Prevention of Skin Aging https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/0003-4819-158-11-201306040-00002?articleid=1691733& UV rays https://www.healthline.com/health/skin/uva-vs-uvb#uv-ray-strength Mechanisms of DNA damage by UV rays https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/The-Mechanism-of-DNA-Damage-by-UV-Radiation.aspx Sunscreen history https://healthcare.utah.edu/healthfeed/postings/2016/05/summer_skin.php Sunlight damage to cellular DNA: Focus on oxidatively generated lesions https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0891584917300382 UVA-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in DNA: a direct photochemical mechanism? https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2010/ob/b924712b#!divAbstract How does sunscreen protect you? https://www.yalescientific.org/2012/05/how-does-sunscreen-protect-you/ Tanning and your skin https://www.skincancer.org/risk-factors/tanning/ Risks of tanning https://www.fda.gov/radiation-emitting-products/tanning/risks-tanning Sunscreen and skin cancer https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2018/6/25/17500704/sunscreen-skin-cancer The sunscreen gap https://www.healthline.com/health/black-people-need-sunscreen Skin cancer foundation https://www.skincancer.org/blog/photoaging-what-you-need-to-know/ Generation of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Generation-of-8-oxo-7-8-dihydroguanine-and-its-altered-base-pairing-property-A_fig2_309755347 Wait, What’s the Deal With Sunscreen? Does It Work or Not? https://www.wired.com/story/whats-deal-with-sunscreen-does-it-work-or-not/

Épisode 16 - We Tried to Preserve a Strawberry Forever. Things Got…Ugly

4 août 2021

To learn more about preservatives, check out George’s book http://www.rebrand.ly/Ingredients You’ve heard of the epoxy hot dog, but how about the epoxy strawberry? On this week’s episode we’re going to try to make a strawberry last forever. #preservatives #epoxyhotdog #epoxystrawberry You might also like: The Science of Kombucha https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YxARRckS9dA Are Food Calories Bulloney? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ahvE5kuWcps Is Milk Really the Best Solution to Hot Pepper Heat? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8R98O29Fs7s&list=PLtLT74crQcwXifCszpuk21I4ye3ghf-kV How Milk Becomes Cheese: https://youtu.be/uJEkb4Hq5jY Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Andrew Sobey Elaine Seward Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Leila Duman, PhD Andy Hirneisen, MA Brianne Raccor, PhD Selina Wang, PhD Special thanks to Catie Profaci and the Daneman Lab at UC San Diego Sources: Floor sealer safety data sheet http://sds.betco.com/sds/BetcoSDS/607.pdf Chapter 13 - Mycotoxins in Foods: Mycotoxicoses, Detection, and Management https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128115152000135 The history of preserving food at home https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/food_preservation_is_as_old_as_mankind SPOILAGE PROBLEMS | Problems Caused by Fungi https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123847300003153 Embalming products in Death Care https://synergist.aiha.org/201903-mortal-exposures Preserving meat underground https://www.norwegianamerican.com/from-preservation-technique-to-delicacy/#:~:text=Burying%20fish%2C%20or%20meat%2C%20in,sand%20to%20keep%20it%20cold. Paraformaldehyde fixative https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5359366/#:~:text=PFA%20causes%20covalent%20cross%2Dlinks,properties%20of%20the%20cell%20surface.&text=Compared%20to%20an%20unfixed%20cell,entire%20cell%20surface%20%5B11%5D. Pickling at home https://nchfp.uga.edu/how/can6b_pickle.html The human skin microbiome https://www.nature.com/articles/nrmicro.2017.157 Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/ Tumblr! http://acsreactions.tumblr.com/

Épisode 17 - Why is There Plastic in Our Rain?

18 août 2021

Every year more than 1,000 tons of plastic rains down onto national parks and wilderness in the western U.S. Where does that plastic come from? And is it also in rain that falls on Washington, DC? #microplastic #pollution #plasticrain You might also like: How Plastic Recycling Actually Works: https://youtu.be/zO3jFKiqmHo Can Plastic Be Composted?: https://youtu.be/Q02Xi7S5PTM Cellulose: From Trees to Explosives https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6KRl0lg7XmQ How Do We Fight the California Fires?: https://youtu.be/fNGq8hEuNb8 Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Leila Duman, PhD Christine Knauss, PhD Jesse Meiller, PhD Alterra Sanchez, PhD Sources: Laboratory Methods for the Analysis of Microplastics in the Marine Environment https://marinedebris.noaa.gov/sites/default/files/publications-files/noaa_microplastics_methods_manual.pdf What are microplastics? https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/microplastics.html Marine debris fact sheet https://marinedebris.noaa.gov/fact-sheets/microplastic-marine-debris-fact-sheet Ecotoxicological effects of microplastics on aquatic organisms: a review https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34226995/ Time to Safeguard the Future Generations from the Omnipresent Microplastics https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34223933/ Microplastics and human health https://science.sciencemag.org/content/371/6530/672 Synthetically engineered microbial scavengers for enhanced bioremediation https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34218189/ Microplastics in the soil-groundwater environment: Aging, migration, and co-transport of contaminants - A critical review https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34186423/ The potential effects of microplastics on human health: What is known and what is unknown https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34185251/ A review on occurrence, characteristics, toxicology and treatment of nanoplastic waste in the environment https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34173146/ Evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies on the potential health repercussions of micro- and nanoplastics https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34162123/ Plastic Rain Is the New Acid Rain https://www.wired.com/story/plastic-rain-is-the-new-acid-rain/ Plastic Rain: More Than 1,000 Tons Of Microplastic Rain Onto Western US https://earthsky.org/earth/microplastic-rain-western-us/ Plastic rain in protected areas of the United States https://science.sciencemag.org/content/368/6496/1257 Microplastics are raining down from the sky https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/microplastics-pollution-falls-from-air-even-mountains Forget acid rain. Plastic rain is now falling across the U.S. https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2020/06/12/plastic-rain-now-falling-across-u-s-new-study-found/3174549001/ It's raining plastic: microscopic fibers fall from the sky in Rocky Mountains https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/aug/12/raining-plastic-colorado-usgs-microplastics ‘It is raining plastic’: Scientists find colorful microplastic in rain https://www.cnn.com/2019/08/14/health/plastic-rain-colorado-trnd/index.html Imari Walker on microplastics https://today.duke.edu/2020/09/imari-walker-mission-protect-our-health-microplastics Duke’s Imari Walker Uses YouTube to Explain Dangers of Plastic Water Bottles in Entertaining Fashion https://sullivanfdn.org/imari-walker/ Quantification of Microplastics and Microfibers on U.S. National Park Beaches https://marinedebris.noaa.gov/research/quantification-microplastics-and-microfibers-us-national-park-beaches The microplastics crisis: you are the first responder https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2019/microplastics-crisis/ In utero exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and duration of human pregnancy. https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/10.1289/ehp.6202 Bisphenol A (BPA) https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents/sya-bpa/index.cfm Effects of the Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical DDT on Self-Renewal and Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4286277/

Épisode 18 - Are We Standing on a Quadrillion Tons of Diamonds?

1 septembre 2021

There might be a quadrillion tons of diamonds 100 miles below Earth’s surface. But the furthest we’ve traveled is 7 miles down, so how could we know that? #diamonds #seismicwaves #earth You might also like: The Chemical Origins of Life https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f44OWlsLeT0 How Do We Know How Old the Earth Is? https://youtu.be/7cFYPYaD4zQ Salt, Diamonds and DNA: 5 Surprising Facts About Crystals https://youtu.be/urq8SuPMZ_w Why is Carbon the Key to Life? (On Earth, Anyway) https://youtu.be/VUiDwrM2YPI Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Joshua Garber, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Suzette Timmerman, PhD Sources: Multidisciplinary Constraints on the Abundance of Diamond and Eclogite in the Cratonic Lithosphere https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2018GC007534 Diamondiferous garnet harzburgites from the Finsch kimberlite, Northern Cape, South Africa https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00310887 Earthquakes and the Earth's internal structure https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/permanent/planet-earth/why-are-there-ocean-basins-continents-and-mountains/plate-tectonics/earthquakes-and-the-earth-s-internal-structure Understanding Earth’s interior https://courses.lumenlearning.com/geophysical/chapter/understanding-earths-interior/ How we know what lies at Earth’s core http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20150814-what-is-at-the-centre-of-earth Diamonds Unearthed https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/diamonds-unearthed-141629226/ Seismic waves https://topex.ucsd.edu/es10/es10.1997/lectures/lecture20/secs.with.pics/node3.html Most diamonds share a common origin story https://www.sciencenews.org/article/most-diamonds-share-common-origin-story Metastability of diamond ramp-compressed to 2 terapascals https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03140-4.epdf?sharing_token=upSwbPHhx_HxaQigxdCP_9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0M6LLrOYqAnbf2oqumzx__KT0aNTBUaZAyxpwikI8fH8pWQKL31NAilWtIQa2CU2p7tECnWhK7W3i6RStSb1HezJFrEgMYD1ziBITScJT58aYC1vYaIQ0AmyInnUoPah7E9xjJ5km11mT07PmUF2VP4z2YV_Dok9BXJsEXxIern0HCnpDJYN0PfXbGXhxmjHqU%3D&tracking_referrer=www.sciencenews.org Rare Diamond Confirms That Earth's Mantle Holds an Ocean's Worth of Water https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/rare-diamond-confirms-that-earths-mantle-holds-an-oceans-worth-of-water/ Diamonds show depth extent of Earth's carbon cycle https://phys.org/news/2011-09-diamonds-depth-extent-earth-carbon.html A quadrillion tons of diamonds lurk deep within Earth https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/news-earth-diamonds-gems-rare-minerals-earthquakes Hope diamond formed stunningly close to Earth's core https://www.livescience.com/hope-cullinan-diamonds-deep-origins.html Earth’s layers https://www.space.com/17777-what-is-earth-made-of.html

Épisode 20 - Better Pizza Through Chemistry

29 septembre 2021

This week we show you how two simple changes can turn cardboard-y pizza into award winning pie (okay, award-winning might be a slight exaggeration, but we awarded ourselves a win, so deal with it). Here’s our simple recipe for making stellar pizza at home: Mix 1 package (0.25 oz) of dry yeast into 1 cup of warm water Let sit for 5 minutes. Add 2.5 cups of bread flour and 1 tsp of salt. Mix. Knead the dough for a few minutes. Dust your hands with flour and form your pizza dough into a round ball. Transfer to a bowl. Let the dough sit, covered, in the fridge overnight. THIS IS KEY! Remove the dough from the fridge, let sit at room temperature for 30 minutes, then using your hands or a rolling pin spread out the dough. Set your oven as high as it can go (for many ovens that’s 550 degrees F) Add sauce and toppings Put your pizza in the oven until the crust starts to brown (should be around 9 minutes, maybe a little longer if you like it crispy!) Let cool and enjoy! You might also like: The Science of Kombucha https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YxARRckS9dA We Found The Best Hot Pepper Cure (It’s Not Milk) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8R98O29Fs7s How Milk Becomes Cheese https://youtu.be/uJEkb4Hq5jY We ?Burned? Food to Figure Out How Many Calories It Has: https://youtu.be/ahvE5kuWcps Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Emily Jane Buehler, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Peter Reinhart Sources: The Bread Baker’s Apprentice https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/the-bread-bakers-apprentice-15th-anniversary-edition-peter-reinhart/1123130134 Baking Bread: The Chemistry of Bread-Making http://www.compoundchem.com/2016/01/13/bread/ The chemistry of pizza https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/reactions/videos/2014/the-chemistry-of-pizza.html The science and magic of breadmaking https://www.theguardian.com/science/blog/2009/nov/26/science-breadmaking Bread Science: The Chemistry and Craft of Making Bread https://www.twobluebooks.com/books/ [Excerpt] Bread Science: The Chemistry and Craft of Making Bread https://www.twobluebooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Excerpt-BreadScience.pdf

Épisode 21 - Death and Decomposition

13 octobre 2021

Are humans destroying the circle of life? #decomposition #death #burial #ecosystem Check out episode 1 of Vitals! https://youtu.be/xus08qnUxPE You might also like: The Top 5 Strangest Poisons That Can Kill You: https://youtu.be/4hQ0G0GaYR8 Can You Cryogenically Freeze Your Body and Come Back to Life? https://youtu.be/Wk2NxBYCe6s How to Dispose of a Dead Body: https://youtu.be/1C0AF_y_Ms8 We Tried to Preserve a Strawberry Forever. Things Got…Ugly: https://youtu.be/E25TcUUjqDU What Happens When You Overdose?: https://youtu.be/xLSz3wEgwJ8 Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Andy Adkins Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Andy Adkins Scientific consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Sasha Voss, PhD Danny Wescott, PhD Sources: Identifying human diamine sensors for death related putrescine and cadaverine molecules https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5783396/ Putrescine and cadaverine https://www.rsc.org/images/TM0512-putrescine-cadaverine_tcm18-221656.pdf Biochemistry Changes That Occur after Death: Potential Markers for Determining Post-Mortem Interval https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3836773/#:~:text=An%20early%20study%20reported%20that,by%2096%20hours%20post%2Dmortem. A greener way to go: what’s the most eco-friendly way to dispose of a body? https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2019/jul/09/greener-way-to-go-eco-friendly-way-dispose-of-body-burial-cremation More People Want a Green Burial, but Cemetery Law Hasn’t Caught Up https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/blogs/stateline/2019/11/20/more-people-want-a-green-burial-but-cemetery-law-hasnt-caught-up#:~:text=While%20no%20state%20laws%20explicitly,burial%20to%20gain%20a%20foothold. Thinking About Having a ‘Green’ Funeral? Here’s What to Know https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/22/smarter-living/green-funeral-burial-environment.html Scientists search for death’s aroma https://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i14/Scientists-search-deaths-aroma.html Recycling the dead https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/recycling-dead Decomposers https://www.scienceworld.ca/resource/decomposers/ Life after death: the science of human decomposition https://www.theguardian.com/science/neurophilosophy/2015/may/05/life-after-death Modeling a cadaver decomp island http://www.mat.ucm.es/momat/2010-05-11NadiaSmithRepotOxfordCadaver.pdf The science of human decay https://www.vox.com/2014/10/28/7078151/body-farm-texas-freeman-ranch-decay Cadaver decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17091303/ Human versus animal: contrasting decomposition dynamics of mammalian analogues in experimental taphonomy https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23550805/ The Chemistry Decomposition in Human Corpses https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318772231_The_Chemistry_Decomposition_in_Human_Corpses Postmortem Changes https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539741/ Burial & cremation rates in US https://nfda.org/news/statistics#:~:text=Rates%20of%20Cremation%20and%20Burial,up%208.1%25%20from%202015).

Épisode 22 - I Created an Oil Spill in My House

27 octobre 2021

Bacteria are often painted as our adversaries, but when it comes to oil spills, toxic chemicals, and radioactive waste, they could be what save us from ourselves. #microbes #bacteria #oilspills You might also like: How Carbon Capture Works: https://youtu.be/wu3hoo3p4Kk Is There Plastic in My Rain?: https://youtu.be/HUAaurZKi6U Forever Chemicals: https://youtu.be/tqKEG5LxPiY How Do We Fight the California Fires?: https://youtu.be/fNGq8hEuNb8 The Science of How Life Started: https://youtu.be/f44OWlsLeT0 Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Paige Novak, PhD, Brianne Raccor, PhD Gemma Reguera, PhD Sources: Deepwater Horizon – BP Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill https://www.epa.gov/enforcement/deepwater-horizon-bp-gulf-mexico-oil-spill Bacteria used to clean at-home oil spill (video demo) https://www.grainger.com/product/ULTRATECH-Product-Type-Granular-Oil-6XMG7 We still don’t know all of the impacts of the BP oil spill https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/bp-oil-spill-still-dont-know-effects-decade-later Adaptive synthesis of a rough lipopolysaccharide in Geobacter sulfurreducens for metal reduction and detoxification https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/AEM.00964-21 A review in the current developments of genus Dehalococcoides, its consortia and kinetics for bioremediation options of contaminated groundwater https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468203917301668 Degradation of Deepwater Horizon oil buried in a Florida beach influenced by tidal pumping https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0025326X17309037?via%3Dihub Diverse, rare microbial taxa responded to the Deepwater Horizon deep-sea hydrocarbon plume https://www.nature.com/articles/ismej2015121 Computer modeling could help chlorine-hungry bacteria break down toxic waste https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2007/06/helping-chlorine-eating-bacteria-clean-toxic-waste How Microbes Clean Up Our Environmental Messes https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/environment/a7176/how-microbes-will-clean-up-our-messes/ Extracellular reduction of uranium via Geobacter conductive pili as a protective cellular mechanism https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21896750/ Characterization of mercury bioremediation by transgenic bacteria expressing metallothionein and polyphosphate kinase https://bmcbiotechnol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6750-11-82 It looks like microbes can help clean up mining pollution https://massivesci.com/articles/microbes-pollution-mining-cleanup/ Breathing' bacteria clean up toxic waste: Civil engineering professor Paige Novak and her colleagues rise to the challenge https://cse.umn.edu/college/feature-stories/breathing-bacteria-clean-toxic-waste Microbial communities clean toxic waste and generate useful chemicals https://biodesign.asu.edu/news/microbial-communities-clean-toxic-waste-and-generate-useful-chemicals Deepwater Horizon and the Rise of the Omics https://eos.org/features/deepwater-horizon-and-the-rise-of-the-omics These bacteria clean up radioactive waste https://msutoday.msu.edu/news/2021/bacteria-clean-up-radioactive-waste Cleaning Up Electronic Waste (E-Waste) https://www.epa.gov/international-cooperation/cleaning-electronic-waste-e-waste Risk Management for Trichloroethylene (TCE) https://www.epa.gov/assessing-and-managing-chemicals-under-tsca/risk-management-trichloroethylene-tce Meet the Microbes Eating the Gulf Oil Spill [Slide Show] https://www.scientificamerican.com/slideshow/gulf-oil-eating-microbes-slide-show/ Radiation-eating bacteria could make nuclear waste safer https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg23431211-300-radiation-eating-bacteria-could-make-nuclear-waste-safer/ Electrified Bacterial Filaments Remove Uranium from Groundwater https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/electrified-bacterial-remove-uranium-groundwater/ Molecular structure of different petroleum hydrocarbon representatives https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Molecular-structure-of-different-petroleum-hydrocarbon-representatives_fig1_316965728 Anaerobic Oxidation of Ethane, Propane, and Butane by Marine Microbes: A Mini Review https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02056/full Petroleum Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria for the Remediation of Oil Pollution Under Aerobic Conditions: A Perspective Analysis https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02885/full

Épisode 23 - Extracting Gold from Seawater

10 novembre 2021

Take the PBS Digital Studios audience survey: https://to.pbs.org/2021survey The ocean has around 700 trillion dollars worth of gold in it and Sam’s going to try to get (some of) it. #gold #mining #OceanChemistry You might also like: I Created an Oil Spill in My House: https://youtu.be/n2761go6OYg Are We Standing on a Quadrillion Tons of Diamonds?: https://youtu.be/JB-dOm2k6NY Can We Make Ocean Water Drinkable—and Should We?: https://youtu.be/q16qpo99JEE How Seashells Are Made: https://youtu.be/iUeMxjkSPyM Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Leila Duman, PhD Wesley Farrell, PhD Kelly K. Falkner, PhD Wendy L. Queen, PhD Sources: Gold in seawater https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0012821X9090060B?via%3Dihub Is there gold in the ocean? https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/gold.html There’s gold in seawater but we can’t get to it https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/gold-ocean-sea-hoax-science-water-boom-rush-treasure New England Gold Hoax of 1898: Greed Meets Moxie https://www.newenglandhistoricalsociety.com/new-england-gold-hoax-1898/ Extraction of gold from seawater https://www.nature.com/articles/148171b0.pdf Patent design for extracting gold from seawater https://patents.google.com/patent/US679215A/en 'Sunbeams from cucumbers': an early twentieth-century gold-from-seawater extraction scheme in northern New South Wales https://www.jstor.org/stable/29544589 Prescott Jernegan and the Gold from Seawater Swindle https://www.mvtimes.com/2012/07/25/prescott-jernegan-gold-from-seawater-swindle-11663/ Chemistry: Mining the Sea http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,871061,00.html Scientists invent method to extract gold from liquid waste https://bigthink.com/surprising-science/extracting-gold-from-liquid-waste?rebelltitem=1#rebelltitem1 $771 Trillion Worth Of Gold Lies Hidden In The Ocean: Good Luck Getting It https://www.forbes.com/sites/trevornace/2017/09/15/771-trillion-worth-gold-hidden-ocean/?sh=61cc3fcb23d3 Germany’s Post-World War I Scheme to Extract Gold from Water https://gizmodo.com/germany-s-post-world-war-i-scheme-to-extract-gold-from-499793752 Science: Gold in sea water – not enough to get rich https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg12717242-800-science-gold-in-sea-water-not-enough-to-get-rich/ Diving into the History of Seabed Mining https://edgeeffects.net/seabed-mining/ Rapid, Selective Extraction of Trace Amounts of Gold from Complex Water Mixtures with a Metal–Organic Framework (MOF)/Polymer Composite https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.8b09555 Metal-organic framework https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/metal-organic-frameworks Uranium removal from seawater by means of polymeric fabrics grafted with diallyl oxalate through a single-step, solvent-free process https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5927380/ Optimizing and evaluating the operational factors affecting the cyanide leaching circuit of the Aghdareh gold processing plant using a CCD model https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspa.2015.0681#:~:text=Gold%20cyanidation%20follows%20an%20electrochemical

Épisode 24 - How Oxygen Masks Brought Down a Plane

24 novembre 2021

The same safety feature that gives you oxygen during an airplane emergency caused a plane to crash in 1996. How did something meant to keep you safe end up killing over 100 people? #planecrash #oxygenmask #oxygengenerator You might also like: How can fertilizer explode? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-SeT3N3A19c Chemtrails https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZonPvpgcBc0 What could an explosion on the sun do here on earth? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i7mZBaleCFE How did climate change help turn the sky orange? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=foeLC08-nrk What causes auroras (and where you should see them) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8S_LPFOa-zs Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Alex Dainis, PhD Scientific consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD John Graf, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Sources: Background on the disaster https://www.coffeytriallaw.com/valujet-flight-592-miami-fl/ Amount of oxygen at 30,000 feet https://milehightraining.com/altitude-to-oxygen-chart/ Size and shape of chemical oxygen generators https://lessonslearned.faa.gov/ll_main.cfm?TabID=3&LLID=10&LLTypeID=2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_MTgo_1pwKQ Canister components https://www.darylariawan.com/writing/2019/3/26/truth-behind-planes-oxygen-masks#:~:text=Above%20every%20row%20of%20seats,less%20than%201%25%20potassium%20perchlorate . https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR9706.pdf Decomposition reaction https://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/flight/modern/question258.htm#:~:text=Typically%2C%20an%20oxygen%20canister%20contains,of%20the%20reaction%20sustains%20itself. NTSB accident report https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR9706.pdf How airplane oxygen generators work https://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/Chemical_Oxygen_Generators Why the O2 mask might smell smokey https://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/columnist/cox/2019/09/27/ask-captain-why-have-bag-oxygen-system-if-wont-inflate/3772763002/#:~:text=Answer%3A%20The%20design%20of%20passenger,is%20a%20continuous%20flow%20design.&text=During%20the%20time%20when%20you,fully%20inflate%20during%20this%20process. The role of barium peroxide in chemical oxygen generators https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00017a028 Amount of oxygen generated https://lessonslearned.faa.gov/ll_main.cfm?TabID=3&LLID=10&LLTypeID=2 Oxygen candle use on submarines and ISS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g3Ud6mHdhlQ https://www.space.com/1099-space-station-crew-ignite-oxygen-generating-candles.html FAA Accident lessons learned https://lessonslearned.faa.gov/ll_main.cfm?TabID=3&LLID=10&LLTypeID=2 Contractor found guilty, mechanic still on the run https://www.nytimes.com/1999/12/07/us/contractor-found-guilty-in-trial-on-valujet-crash.html#:~:text=SabreTech%20Inc.%2C%20the%20aircraft%20maintenance,improperly%20handling%20the%20hazardous%20materials . https://www.clickorlando.com/news/local/2021/05/11/25-years-since-deadly-valujet-592-crash-an-airline-mechanic-remains-on-the-run/ ; https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/new-reward-for-fugitive-in-1996-valujet-crash-040518 Oxygen jar experiment https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ed076p914 Fire melted aluminum components https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1996/05/27/valujet-cabin-fire-melted-aluminum/a8ed401f-cbee-4f95-aa75-c17100521224/ Safety regulations changed after the crash https://www.wtsp.com/article/news/regional/florida/valujet-crash-change-air-safety-regulations/67-5c3235c1-0578-4806-a07f-73d273787d40

Épisode 25 - How Do Hydrogen Fuel Cells Work?

8 décembre 2021

Hydrogen fuel cell cars seem great: hydrogen and oxygen in, nothing but water out. But if that hydrogen comes from dirty, carbon-emission spewing power plants, your sustainable car might not be so green after all. #fuelcell #electriccars #emissions You might also like: Catalytic Converter Stolen? Here's Why.: https://youtu.be/I1YLPfSuNXY How Do Airbags Work?: https://youtu.be/Y2sjYOGSV7E How Air Conditioning Works: https://youtu.be/PT38gaGciP4 How Carbon Capture Works: https://youtu.be/wu3hoo3p4Kk Bomb Sniffing Military Dog vs. Machine (and Sam): https://youtu.be/TRwqOFHOjac Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Alex Dainis, PhD Scientific consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Jay B. Benziger, PhD Leila Duman, PhD Sources: How internal combustion engines work https://www.energy.gov/eere/vehicles/articles/internal-combustion-engine-basics#:~:text=The%20engine%20consists%20of%20a,in%20turn%20rotates%20the%20crankshaft.&text=After%20the%20piston%20compresses%20the,piston%20during%20the%20power%20stroke. https://www.caranddriver.com/features/a26962316/how-a-car-works/ https://www.energy.gov/eere/vehicles/articles/internal-combustion-engine-basics#:~:text=The%20engine%20consists%20of%20a,in%20turn%20rotates%20the%20crankshaft.&text=After%20the%20piston%20compresses%20the,piston%20during%20the%20power%20stroke. Hydrogen combustion engines https://www1.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/tech_validation/pdfs/fcm03r0.pdf https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1132103_could-hydrogen-keep-the-internal-combustion-engine-alive Fuel cell chemistry https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/how-do-fuel-cell-electric-cars-work Natural gas reforming https://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/hydrogen-production-natural-gas-reforming 96% of hydrogen made from fossil fuels https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ese3.956 The production of hydrogen for all kinds of industries, not just fuel cells, is responsible for 830 million tonnes of carbon dioxide each year https://www.iea.org/fuels-and-technologies/hydrogen Energy production more efficient at a central plant https://www.forbes.com/sites/enriquedans/2018/08/19/myths-and-shibboleths-about-electric-vehicles-the-long-tailpipe-theory/#:~:text=The%20reason%20is%20as%20simple,the%20efficiency%20of%20these%20vehicles.&text=An%20internal%20combustion%20engine%20in,energy%20simply%20lost%20as%20heat. EV more efficient than fuel cell https://theconversation.com/hydrogen-cars-wont-overtake-electric-vehicles-because-theyre-hampered-by-the-laws-of-science-139899 Benefits of hydrogen powered cars https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=1bf1cbf0-ac2f-4b39-a3de-2df77a9a515e Green methods of producing hydrogen http://www.fsec.ucf.edu/en/consumer/hydrogen/basics/production-solar.htm#:~:text=Pigments%20in%20algae%20absorb%20solar,water%20splitting%20using%20thermochemical%20steps https://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/hydrogen-production-photoelectrochemical-water-splitting What is U.S. electricity generation by energy source? https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=427&t=3

Épisode 26 - I Ate Gold To Prove a Point

22 décembre 2021

Why are some heavy metals deadly while others keep us alive? Check out Tiny Matters, a new science podcast from the American Chemical Society, hosted and produced by former Reactions writer and host Sam Jones: Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/tiny-matters/id1599757941 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5bfRJU0XPaGKJ7Os4vJQFk Stitcher: https://www.stitcher.com/show/tiny-matters Audible: https://www.audible.com/pd/Podcast/B08JJMYZ3Q And to help us get Tiny Matters on the charts, please follow, rate and subscribe! We appreciate your support! #chemistry #foodchemistry #goldleaf You might also like: How Lead (Maybe?) Caused the Downfall of the Roman Empire https://youtu.be/4k7CvSiomlA How Do Blacksmiths Make Swords? https://youtu.be/Y_43_u9u_Ag We Tried to Preserve a Strawberry Forever. Things Got…Ugly: https://youtu.be/E25TcUUjqDU Extracting Gold From Seawater https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j5eomDz4Z0E Better Pizza Through Chemistry: https://youtu.be/m30YnuF9vUc Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Sam Jones, PhD Scientific consultants: Adam Blumenberg, MD Leila Duman, PhD Juewen Liu, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Sources: Lab safety guide (dimethylmercury): https://www.ehs.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/lab_safety_guideline_dimethylmercury.pdf Iron and folate in fortified cereals https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11444421/ Toxicity, mechanism and health effects of some heavy metals https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4427717/ How to extract iron from cereal https://www.sciencefocus.com/science/how-to-extract-iron-from-cereal/ Get the Iron out—of Your Breakfast Cereal https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/get-the-iron-out-of-your-breakfast-cereal-bring-science-home/ Hemochromatosis https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351443 Type 2 diabetes and the role of body iron stores https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0004563216646397 Gold nanoparticles inside cells are not inert, say researchers https://physicsworld.com/a/gold-nanoparticles-inside-cells-are-not-inert-say-researchers/ Zinc https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Zinc-Consumer/ Introductory Chapter: Introducing Heavy Metals https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/59857 Methylmercury, an environmental electrophile capable of activation and disruption of the Akt/CREB/Bcl-2 signal transduction pathway in SH-SY5Y cells https://www.nature.com/articles/srep28944 Antioxidants Mediate Both Iron Homeostasis and Oxidative Stress https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5537786/ Mercury in the environment https://www2.usgs.gov/themes/factsheet/146-00/ A Tribute to Karen Wetterhahn https://sites.dartmouth.edu/toxmetal/about-us/a-tribute-to-karen-wetterhahn/ Mercury Factsheet https://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Mercury_FactSheet.html Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ Environmental Mercury and Its Toxic Effects https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3988285/ Methylmercury Impact on Adult Neurogenesis: Is the Worst Yet to Come From Recent Brazilian Environmental Disasters? https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2020.591601/full Methylmercury Exposure and Health Effects https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3514465/ Delayed Cerebellar Disease and Death after Accidental Exposure to Dimethylmercury https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199806043382305 Enhancing mineral bioavailability from cereals: Current strategies and future perspectives https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6174934/ Find us on all these places: Subscribe! http://bit.ly/ACSReactions Facebook! http://facebook.com/ACSReactions Twitter! http://twitter.com/ACSReactions Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/acsreactions/

Épisode 1 - We Made Pop Rocks at Home with Science

29 décembre 2021

Pop Rocks are just sugar and high-pressure CO2, but making them at home is way harder than it looks. In this video, we use three different methods to try and capture carbon dioxide in sugar: a middle-school chemical reaction, a state transition, and biological production! Pop Rocks® is a registered trademark of Zeta Espacial S.A.; ACS is not affiliated with Zeta Espacial S.A. To learn more about Pop Rocks®, visit www.pop-rocks.com. You might also like: I Created an Oil Spill in My House: https://youtu.be/n2761go6OYg Extracting Gold from Seawater: https://youtu.be/j5eomDz4Z0E Catalytic Converter Stolen? Here's Why: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I1YLPfSuNXY Science of Concrete & the Surfside Condo Collapse: https://youtu.be/4Nr3w1BQE18 Better Pizza Through Chemistry: https://youtu.be/m30YnuF9vUc Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Alex Dainis, PhD Scientific consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Leila Duman, PhD Richard Hartel, PhD Sources: How much pressure is inside a pop rock: https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/525313/what-makes-pop-rocks-pop https://allsensors.com/blog/tag/champagne/#:~:text=Depending%20on%20the%20wine%20and,proper%20precautions%20are%20not%20taken. Pop rocks were originally invented to be an instant soda: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fo8QwdhrIv4 Enzymes on your tongue convert CO2 into protons: https://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode/carbonation-has-a-taste-09-10-16/; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC3654389/ Your tongue detects CO2 as sour: https://www.wired.com/2009/10/your-tongue-the-carbon-dioxide-sensor/ Why do we like carbonated foods? https://www.popsci.com/science/article/2013-07/fyi-carbonated-water-addictive/ Claire Saffitz Makes Pop Rocks https://www.bonappetit.com/video/watch/gourmet-makes-pastry-chef-attempts-to-make-gourmet-pop-rocks Citric Acid and Baking Soda Reaction: https://www.acs.org/content/dam/acsorg/education/outreach/kidschemistry/chemical-reaction-kids-and-chemistry-kit-teacher-guide.pdf Fizzy Fruit recipe: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=So4ZrzBkJsA Yeast produce CO2 https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/single-celled-science-yeasty-beasties/#:~:text=When%20yeasts%20eat%20sugar%20and,process%20is%20known%20as%20fermentation.&text=When%20salt%2C%20baking%20soda%20or,when%20only%20sugar%20was%20used. What temperature kills yeast? https://www.google.com/search?q=what+temp+kills+yeast&oq=what+temp+kills+yeast&aqs=chrome..69i57j0i22i30l9.3979j1j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#:~:text=Yeast%20Kill%20%7C%20Baking,processes%20%E2%80%BA%20yeast-kill

Épisode 3 - How is Climate Change Affecting Hibernation Patterns of Animals?

26 janvier 2022

Think hibernation is just a nap bears take during the wintertime? It’s way more complicated–and climate based. With climate change happening, how will hibernating animals be affected and will animals who don’t hibernate now begin to? You might also like: We Made Pop Rocks at Home with Science: https://youtu.be/VKKltJy_vck Why Don’t Antarctic Fish Freeze to Death?: https://youtu.be/k4gKYyXgX5g Can You Cryogenically Freeze Your Body and Come Back to Life?: https://youtu.be/Wk2NxBYCe6s Catalytic Converter Stolen? Here's Why.: https://youtu.be/I1YLPfSuNXY The Loneliest Whale: https://youtu.be/L7mTZAhCeyA Credits: Executive Producers: George Zaidan Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Alex Dainis, PhD Scientific consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Sarah Mohr, Yale Elena Gracheva, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Sources: What is hibernation? https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev-cellbio-012820-095945 https://nature.discoveryplace.org/blog/ask-a-naturalist-hibernation-vs.-brumation-vs.-estivation#:~:text=Brumation%20is%20known%20as%20the%20hibernation%20for%20cold%2Dblooded%20animals.&text=Their%20activity%2C%20body%20temperature%2C%20heart,do%20not%20move%20at%20all Fat tailed lemurs https://www.nature.com/articles/429825a DOI 10.1007/s00360-002-0300-1 https://lemur.duke.edu/discover/meet-the-lemurs/fat-tailed-dwarf-lemur/ What is metabolism? https://www.livescience.com/metabolism How does metabolism change in hibernation? https://www.karger.com/Article/Pdf/228829 https://www.karger.com/Article/Pdf/228829 Metabolism genetics https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15506953/ https://academic.oup.com/gbe/article/8/8/2413/2198153 https://academic.oup.com/biohorizons/article/doi/10.1093/biohorizons/hzy002/4969915 https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/89/15/7119.full.pdf https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-31506-2 Examples of climate change affecting hibernation https://academic.oup.com/jmammal/article/102/2/574/6224539 https://academic.oup.com/jmammal/article/102/2/574/6224539 https://news.fordham.edu/inside-fordham/scientist-charts-effects-of-climate-change-on-hibernating-chipmunks/ https://news.fordham.edu/inside-fordham/scientist-charts-effects-of-climate-change-on-hibernating-chipmunks/ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236230921_The_Relationship_between_Climate_Warming_and_Hibernation_in_Mammals https://academic.oup.com/jmammal/article/102/2/574/6224539?login=true Examples of warmer temps increasing hibernation https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/08/120808132707.htm https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232694352_Population_and_habitat_relationships_of_Piute_ground_squirrels_in_southwest_Idaho https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/een.13081

Épisode 4 - What's In "Premium" Gas?

9 février 2022

Is it worth it to put premium gas into your car? And what’s even the difference between the regular and premium gas? It all has to do with the octane rating, which we’ll explain with fire, ice-cream, and a bit of chemistry trivia. 00:00 - Intro 01:18 - What Does Octane Measure? 01:29 - How Combustion Works in a Gasoline Engine 02:13 - How Compression Leads to Self-Ignition 03:00 - Engine Knock 03:31 - How is Gasoline Produced? 04:11 - How is the Octane Rating Measured? 05:29 - Why They Used to Put Lead in Gas 07:07 - Which Gas Should I Use? #octane #engine #premiumgas You might also like: Fuel Cell Cars: The Future or Gas Guzzlers in Disguise?: https://youtu.be/R6AdX-bdDaw Chemtrails: https://youtu.be/ZonPvpgcBc0 How Oxygen Masks Brought Down a Plane: https://youtu.be/KejaV70RWPk I Created an Oil Spill in My House: https://youtu.be/n2761go6OYg Credits: Executive Producers: Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Alex Dainis, PhD Scientific consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD John Heywood, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Sources: Here's What 'Compression Ratio' Actually Means And Why It Matters https://jalopnik.com/heres-what-compression-ratio-actually-means-and-why-it-1819723873 Here's How Your Car's Engine Works https://www.caranddriver.com/features/a26962316/how-a-car-works/ Benefits of a Diesel Engine https://kiowacountypress.net/content/benefits-diesel-engine#:~:text=Diesel%20engines%20have%20fewer%20moving,to%20be%20changed%20or%20repaired Why No Diesel Cars in the U.S.? And, Why is Diesel So Popular Abroad? https://rentar.com/no-diesel-cars-u-s-diesel-popular-abroad/#:~:text=Since%20the%20advent%20of%20cars,living%20in%20the%20United%20States Engine Pre-Ignition https://help.summitracing.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5008/~/engine-pre-ignition 25 Dr Andy Explains the Relationship Between Engine Knock and Octane https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cIL5PT3_G5I Fractional distillation of petroleum https://www.philipharris.co.uk/blogs/experiments/fractional-distillation-of-petroleum-experiment#:~:text=Petroleum%20can%20be%20separated%20into,the%20process%20of%20refining%20Petroleum.&text=The%20Petroleum%20is%20heated%20up,produced%20enters%20the%20fractionating%20column Crude oil distillation and the definition of refinery capacity https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=6970 What is Gasoline? http://www.idph.state.il.us/cancer/factsheets/gasoline.htm#:~:text=Gasoline%20is%20a%20mixture%20of,%2C%20toluene%2C%20and%20xylenes Difference Between RON and MON https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-ron-and-mon/#:~:text=The%20key%20difference%20between%20RON,at%20high%20temperatures%20and%20speeds.&text=The%20term%20MON%20refers%20to%20the%20motor%20octane%20number Fact Sheet | A Brief History of Octane in Gasoline: From Lead to Ethanol https://www.eesi.org/papers/view/fact-sheet-a-brief-history-of-octane#:~:text=Ethanol%20as%20an%20Octane%20Booster&text=Currently%2C%20refiners%20create%20'sub%2D,value%20on%20the%20gas%20pump The World Has Finally Stopped Using Leaded Gasoline. Algeria Used The Last Stockpile https://www.npr.org/2021/08/30/1031429212/the-world-has-finally-stopped-using-leaded-gasoline-algeria-used-the-last-stockp Lead TetraEthyl and MTBE http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/leadtet/leadh.htm What is OCTANE in Gasoline? (& Octane Booster Explained) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yRPsfvT8Ucc Here's What 'Compression Ratio' Actually Means And Why It Matters https://jalopnik.com/heres-what-compression-ratio-actually-means-and-why-it-1819723873 Watch Out For ‘Regular’ Cars That Need Premium Fuel https://www.forbes.com/sites/jimgorzelany/2020/05/05/watch-out-for-regular-cars-that-need-premium-fuel/?sh=1c27bbf63abc Does Higher Compression Mean More Power? Yes, and Here’s Why. https://www.motortrend.com/how-to/compression-ratio-means-more-power/ Fuel Economy - Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/PowerSearch.do?action=PowerSearch&year1=2018&year2=2019&minmsrpsel=0&maxmsrpsel=0&city=0&highway=0&combined=0&cbftmidgasoline=Midgrade+Gasoline&YearSel=2018-2019&MakeSel=&MarClassSel=&FuelTypeSel=Midgrade+Gasoline&VehTypeSel=&TranySel=&DriveTypeSel=&CylindersSel=&MpgSel=000&sortBy=Comb&Units=&url=SearchServlet&opt=new&minmsrp=0&maxmsrp=0&minmpg=&maxmpg=&rowLimit=10 What Is Midgrade Gas? https://blog.consumerguide.com/what-is-midgrade-gas/ https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/the-myth-of-midgrade-gas/ https://www.ocregister.com/2020/11/06/why-do-gas-stations-insist-on-offering-mid-grade-octane/

Épisode 6 - You Don't Understand Water (and Neither Does Anyone Else)

9 mars 2022

Water is weird… really weird. We’re gonna dive into the controversial chemistry and heated debates around the science of what gives water it’s super unusual properties, and maybe bust a popular water myth along the way. #H2O #hydrogenbonding #dinosaurpee You might also like: Extracting Gold from Seawater https://youtu.be/j5eomDz4Z0E Why is There Plastic in Our Rain? https://youtu.be/HUAaurZKi6U How Much Water Can Kill You? https://youtu.be/TvcbIXvWl_k Can We Make Ocean Water Drinkable - and Should We? https://youtu.be/q16qpo99JEE Credits: Executive Producers: Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Alex Dainis, PhD Scientific consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Xijie Wang, PhD Emiliano Brini, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Sources: How Water’s Properties Are Encoded in Its Molecular Structure and Energies: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00259 Why is the maximum density of water at 4°C? https://socratic.org/questions/why-is-the-maximum-density-of-water-at-4-c A Two-State Picture of Water and the Funnel of Life: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.02757.pdf What is life?-lecture: Lars G M Pettersson: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ijHgccuhLE Dipole-Dipole Force: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/introchem/chapter/dipole-dipole-force/#:~:text=The%20permanent%20dipole%20in%20water,slight%20negative%20charge%20(%CE%B4%2D). Nuclear Quantum Effects in Sodium Hydroxide Solutions from Neural Network Molecular Dynamics Simulations: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b06433#:~:text=Nuclear%20quantum%20effects%20(NQEs)%20cause,bonding%20and%20proton%20transfer%20barriers Nuclear quantum effects enter the mainstream: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41570-017-0109 Supercooled water reveals its secrets: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aar3575 Why Water Doesn’t Behave Like a “Normal” Liquid: https://www.ibm.com/blogs/research/2019/05/water-anomalies/ Direct Evidence in the Scattering Function for the Coexistence of Two Types of Local Structures in Liquid Water: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.9b11211 A mechanism for water splitting and oxygen production in photosynthesis: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28368386/ Origin of Water’s Strange Properties: Scientists Capture a “Quantum Tug” Between Neighboring Water Molecules: https://scitechdaily.com/origin-of-waters-strange-properties-scientists-capture-a-quantum-tug-between-neighboring-water-molecules/ SLAC Megaelectronvolt Ultrafast Electron Diffraction Instrument: MeV-UED: https://lcls.slac.stanford.edu/instruments/mev-ued#:~:text=The%20MeV%2DUED%20instrument%2C%20part,chemical%20and%20 Supercritical water anomalies in the vicinity of the Widom line: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-51843-0#:~:text=Usually%20the%20locus%20of%20specific,like%20behavior Markov state model of the two-state behaviour of water: https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/132025/1/132025.pdf New study provides evidence for decades-old theory to explain the odd behaviors of water: https://www.princeton.edu/news/2020/07/16/new-study-provides-evidence-decades-old-theory-explain-odd-behaviors-water Second critical point in two realistic models of water: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abb9796 What is life?-lecture: Lars G M Pettersson: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ijHgccuhLE LDL vs HDL water: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zh1Srcuh2nI

Épisode 9 - How Do They Make Maple Syrup?

4 mai 2022

Are you a grade B maple syrup fan? Well, you can’t get it anymore. To understand why, we have to look at the science behind the whole process, from sap to syrup. On the way, we’ll cover hydrometers, reverse osmosis, boiling point elevation, and George’s dislike of Maillard reaction diagrams. #maillard #foodscience #maplesyrup You might also like: Better Pizza Through Chemistry: https://youtu.be/m30YnuF9vUc Surströmming: The Secrets of this Stinky Swedish Fish: https://youtu.be/U-Y8qqdjDAk Why Can’t You Buy *Fresh* Olives? https://youtu.be/oStoeHntfG8 How Milk Becomes Cheese: https://youtu.be/uJEkb4Hq5jY Is White Chocolate Actually Chocolate? https://youtu.be/4qI8qbfTkys Credits: Executive Producers: Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: George Zaidan Thanks to Bill and Susan Freeman Glastenview Maple Farm Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD Timothy D. Perkins, PhD (UVM) David W. Ball, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Drone Operator: Kayo Sobey Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Associate Director of Programming for PBS: Niki Walker Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Sources: The Chemical Composition of Maple Syrup: https://www.cooksinfo.com/wp-content/uploads/David-Ball-The-Chemical-Composition-of-Maple-Syrup.pdf Chemical composition of five standard grades of pure maple syrup: https://mapleresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/0215chemicalcomposition.pdf United States Standards for Grades of Maple Sirup (Syrup): https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2015/01/29/2015-01618/united-states-standards-for-grades-of-maple-sirup-syrup#:~:text=U.S.%20Grade%20A%20Golden%20(delicate,taste%2C%20%3C25.0%25Tc) 168.140 Maple sirup: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-168/subpart-B/section-168.140 Agriculture - Maple Statistics: https://www.uvm.edu/extension/agriculture/maple-statistics Consumer Preference for Graded Maple Syrup: https://mapleresearch.org/pub/ne_rp402/ Sap flow, wounding and compartmentalization in maple: https://www.themaplenews.com/story/sap-flow-wounding-and-compartmentalization-in-maple/374/ North American Maple Syrup Producers Manual full: https://holmes.osu.edu/sites/holmes/files/imce/Program_Pages/Maple/North%20American%20Maple%20Syrup%20Producers%20Manual%20full%20pdf.pdf Making the Grade—The Color and Flavor of Maple Syrup: https://extension.unh.edu/blog/2022/03/making-grade-color-flavor-maple-syrup Formation of flavour compounds in the Maillard reaction: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S073497500500145X Maple syrup production from sap preconcentrated to ultra high °Brix by membrane technology: Composition and properties: https://mapleresearch.org/pub/centreacerro/ Assessment of the Flavor of Syrup Produced with High-Brix RO Systems: https://mapleresearch.org/pub/m1217highbrix/ United States Standards for Grades of Maple Syrup: http://www.internationalmaplesyrupinstitute.com/uploads/7/0/9/2/7092109/revised_u.s._standards_for_grades_of_maple_syrup_march_2,2015_1.pdf Maple syrup grades: https://vermontmaple.org/maple-syrup-grades

Épisode 11 - How is Whiskey Made? A Deeper Dive Into Distilling.

15 juin 2022

Have you ever wanted to make your own bourbon? Don’t! The process might be relatively simple- heat a fermented liquid and keep only the boiled alcohol – but it is dangerous and illegal without a license. This video discusses how to separate one type of liquid from a slurry of others through boiling points and the intermolecular forces that influence them. #whiskey #distilling #chemistry You might also like: The Science of Kombucha: https://youtu.be/YxARRckS9dA Better Pizza Through Chemistry: https://youtu.be/m30YnuF9vUc Making Drinking Water From Sewage: https://youtu.be/X9fAoyjjX6M Why They Don’t Make Grade B Maple Syrup Anymore: https://youtu.be/nSRCDiKMEJc Credits: Executive Producers: Hilary Hudson Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Sophia Roberts Scientific consultants: Leila Duman, PhD William Parsons, OhD Brianne Raccor, PhD James Chickos, PhD Sources: Distillation https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary_Materials/Laboratory_Experiments/Wet_Lab_Experiments/Organic_Chemistry_Labs/Misc/Distillation 2.2:Distillation https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Book%3A_How_to_be_a_Successful_Organic_Chemist_(Sandtorv)/02%3A_COMMON_ORGANIC_CHEMISTRY_LABORATORY_TECHNIQUES/2.02%3A_Distillation Distillation https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary_Materials/Laboratory_Experiments/Wet_Lab_Experiments/Organic_Chemistry_Labs/Misc/Distillation 10.22: Distillation https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/Book%3A_ChemPRIME_(Moore_et_al.)/10%3A_Solids_Liquids_and_Solutions/10.22%3A_Distillation 3.S: Functional Groups (Summary) https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Georgia_Southern_University/CHEM_1152%3A_Survey_of_Chemistry_II_(GSU_-_Dr._Osborne)/03%3A_Organic_Nomenclature_-_Functional_Groups/3.S%3A_Functional_Groups_(Summary) 8.14: Alcohols https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_North_Texas/UNT%3A_CHEM_1410_-_General_Chemistry_for_Science_Majors_I/Text/08%3A_Properties_of_Organic_Compounds/8.14%3A_Alcohols 2.11: Intermolecular Forces and Relative Boiling Points (bp) https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Map%3A_Organic_Chemistry_(Wade)/02%3A_Structure_and_Properties_of_Organic_Molecules/2.11%3A_Intermolecular_Forces_and_Relative_Boiling_Points_(bp) Distillation https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary_Materials/Laboratory_Experiments/Wet_Lab_Experiments/Organic_Chemistry_Labs/Misc/Distillation Overview of Distilled Spirits https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/bk-2019-1321.ch011 6 - Chemical Constituents of Grapes and Wine https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123736468500093

Épisode 12 - Can Science Replace Blood Transfusions?

30 juin 2022

Blood from a lamb, into a human – this sounds like a horror movie, but it’s actually the first recorded blood transfusion… four hundred years ago. In this video we look at how far we’ve come, and the century-long quest for the Holy Grail of transfusion medicine: synthetic blood. 00:00 Introduction 01:08 Why we need synthetic blood 02:09 What is synthetic blood 02:44 Why we can't use water as a blood substitute 06:38 Liquid breathing experiments and the 1989 movie The Abyss 08:37 Perfluorocarbon approach to liquid breathing 10:40 Creating synthetic red blood cells You might also like: How Does Chemotherapy Treat Breast Cancer? https://youtu.be/QcgnVuRx20s The Science of Maple Syrup Production: https://youtu.be/nSRCDiKMEJc Does Sugar Cause Diabetes? https://youtu.be/DCwNR3r217I Does Melatonin Do Anything? https://youtu.be/qjUKsW93qRU Your Liver and Kidneys Are Good Enough, Put Down the Detox Tea: https://youtu.be/zv0chkuT7cQ Credits: Executive Producers: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: George Zaidan Scientific Consultants: Jonathan S. Jahr, MD, PhD, FASA Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Associate Director of Programming for PBS: Niki Walker Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. #syntheticblood #blooddonation #blooddonation SOURCES: Facts About Blood Supply In The U.S. | Red Cross Blood Services https://www.redcrossblood.org/donate-blood/how-to-donate/how-blood-donations-help/blood-needs-blood-supply.html#:~:text=Each%20year%2C%20an%20estimated%206.8,the%20U.S.%20in%20a%20year. Can Humans Breathe Liquid Like in The Abyss? https://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2021/08/can-humans-breathe-liquid-like-in-the-abyss/ Blood Substitutes and Oxygen Therapeutics: A Review : Anesthesia & Analgesia https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/2021/01000/Blood_Substitutes_and_Oxygen_Therapeutics__A.20.aspx A Review of Blood Substitutes: Examining The History, Clinical Trial Results, and Ethics of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers - PMC https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2728196/ Making artificial blood for transfusions - American Chemical Society https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/presspacs/2017/acs-presspac-april-19-2017/making-artificial-blood-for-transfusions.html Blood substitutes - Winslow - 1989 - Transfusion - Wiley Online Library https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1537-2995.1989.29990070175.x Artificial Blood: The Future of Patient Care? — Stanford Blood Center https://stanfordbloodcenter.org/pulse-artificial-blood-the-future-of-patient-care/ Oxyglobin | HbO2 Therapeutics https://www.hbo2therapeutics.com/copy-of-manufacturing Hemopure | HbO2 Therapeutics https://www.hbo2therapeutics.com/our-product Oxyglobin | European Medicines Agency https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/veterinary/EPAR/oxyglobin Pacific Heart, Lung & Blood Institute - Artificial Blood https://www.phlbi.org/divisions/blood-disorders/artificial-blood/ Oxygen therapeutics: can we tame haemoglobin? | Nature Reviews Drug Discovery https://www.nature.com/articles/nrd1307 Hemoglobin-based blood substitutes: oxygen carriers, pressor agents, or oxidants? | Nature Biotechnology https://www.nature.com/articles/nbt0699_545 Nitric oxide scavenging by red blood cells as a function of hematocrit and oxygenation - PubMed https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16186121/ Surgical blood conservation: Acute normovolemic hemodilution - UpToDate https://www.uptodate.com/contents/surgical-blood-conservation-acute-normovolemic-hemodilution#:~:text=Acute%20normovolemic%20hemodilution%20(ANH)%20is,and%2For%20colloid%20replacement%20fluid. History of Blood Transfusion https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7945273/pdf/annmedhist148147-0003.pdf Blood Lust: The Early History of Transfusion - Scientific American Blog Network https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/blood-lust-the-early-history-of-transfusion/ Hemolysis and free hemoglobin revisited: exploring hemoglobin and hemin scavengers as a novel class of therapeutic proteins - PMC https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3578950/ The role of circulating cell-free hemoglobin in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury - PMC Acute normovolemic hemodilution - PMC https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3592192/ Pacific Heart, Lung & Blood Institute - Artificial Blood https://www.phlbi.org/divisions/blood-disorders/artificial-blood/ Biomimetic Rebuilding of Multifunctional Red Blood Cells: Modular Design Using Functional Components | ACS Nano https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsnano.9b08714 First Blood Transfusion: A History - JSTOR Daily https://daily.jstor.org/first-blood-transfusion/ Clinical Results of Perftoran Application: Present and Future https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1081/BIO-200046654?needAccess=true

Épisode 13 - Does Space Debris Ever Break Down Naturally?

13 juillet 2022

Remember when Elon Musk launched a car into space? It’s not just peacefully drifting through a vacuum–it’s hurtling around the sun at 63,592 mph, being bombarded by solar radiation. It might be in pieces. But, not the same pieces it would be in if it was down here on Earth. The environment of space breaks it down differently. And the space debris a little closer to us, all the stuff that we humans have sent into space and just left there to orbit us? The unusual environment of space means it too breaks down and degrades differently than it would down here on earth. But… how long does it take to break down? Does it all break down? And how is that car looking right about now… You might also like: We Are Made of "Star Stuff" https://youtu.be/2bm479V8qPs Challenger: The Real Story of an Avoidable Disaster https://youtu.be/uI174WMnWl4 What Do Astronauts Do With Pee in Space? https://youtu.be/w6x54zYuqXk What Does the Moon Smell Like? https://youtu.be/iQod_oYnFTc What Could An Explosion On the Sun Do Here On Earth? https://youtu.be/i7mZBaleCFE Credits: Executive Producers: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Alex Dainis, PhD Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, PhD John Crassidis, PhD; Jer Chyi (J.-C.) Liou, PhD; Brianne Raccor, PhD Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Sources: https://www.whereisroadster.com/ https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/meteoroid https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/news/orbital_debris.html https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1755-6724.2004.tb00765.x https://dewesoft.com/daq/every-satellite-orbiting-earth-and-who-owns-them https://earth.org/space-junk-what-is-it-what-can-we-do-about-it/#:~:text=But%20how%20does%20space%20junk,detrimental%20effects%20on%20Earth's%20environment https://www.esa.int/Safety_Security/Space_Debris/Space_debris_by_the_numbers https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/news/orbital_debris.html https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1755-6724.2004.tb00765.x https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20160012733 https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/webb-telescopes-giant-mirror-struck-by-micrometeoroid/ https://www.spacelegalissues.com/space-law-the-kessler-syndrome/ https://www.nasa.gov/news/debris_faq.html https://www.sciencefocus.com/space/does-metal-corrode-or-rust-in-space/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780815515005500252 https://sciencing.com/write-chemical-reaction-rusting-iron-8558862.html https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/avs/III.4.1.2_The_Space_Environment.pdf https://www.sciencefocus.com/space/does-metal-corrode-or-rust-in-space/ http://esmat.esa.int/publications/published_papers/corrosion_in_space.pdf https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780815515005500252 https://web.archive.org/web/20060624082520/http://triz-journal.com/archives/1998/07/a/index.htm https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780815515005500252 https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.physchem.49.1.73 https://www.nature.com/articles/354048a0 https://www.livescience.com/61680-will-spacex-roadster-survive-in-space.html http://esmat.esa.int/publications/published_papers/corrosion_in_space.pdf https://www.esa.int/Applications/Telecommunications_Integrated_Applications/Sustainable_connectivity_in_space https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/10/211029103127.htm https://elpasoheraldpost.com/amys-everyday-astronomy-cold-welding-what-is-it-and-can-it-be-done-on-earth/#:~:text=Don't%20worry%2C%20though%2C,%2Dwelding%20doesn't%20occur http://esmat.esa.int/Publications/Published_papers/STM-279.pdf https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352145728_Cold_Welding_Based_Space_Debris_Removal_System https://www.livescience.com/61680-will-spacex-roadster-survive-in-space.html

Épisode 14 - How Quinine Fights Malaria, and How That Caused* World War One

10 août 2022

Can a medicine cause a war? When chemists isolated a new compound from the bark of a South American tree, they had no idea they were changing world history, and cocktails, forever. If we look at how the bark of the cinchona tree is used to treat malaria, we can see cutting edge chemistry showing quinine binding to an enzyme that is essential for the malaria parasite’s survival. But if we look from another angle, we can see how that coincidental affinity may have been a major contributing factor to World War One. #malaria #medicinalchemistry #history Check out the new shows on PBS Terra: Why Am I Like This: https://youtu.be/eWzBNfBnFys Far Out: https://youtu.be/jpUjze3v_6c You might also like: What Happens When You Distill Whiskey? https://youtu.be/a1IruS1bKN8 The Science of Maple Syrup Production: https://youtu.be/nSRCDiKMEJc How Lead (Maybe?) Caused the Downfall of the Roman Empire: https://youtu.be/4k7CvSiomlA What Exactly Happened at Chernobyl? https://youtu.be/uvpS2lUHZD8 The Science of Kombucha https://youtu.be/YxARRckS9dA Credits: Executive Producers: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Sophia Roberts Scientific Consultants: Selasi Dankwa, PhD Leila Duman, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD James Webb, PhD Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Sources and more information: Identifying purine nucleoside phosphorylase as the target of quinine using cellular thermal shift assay https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30602534/ Monitoring Drug Target Engagement in Cells and Tissues Using the Cellular Thermal Shift Assay https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1233606 The cellular thermal shift assay for evaluating drug target interactions in cells https://www.nature.com/articles/nprot.2014.138 Population genetic analysis of the DARC locus (Duffy) reveals adaptation from standing variation associated with malaria resistance in humans https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5365118/ Susceptibility to Plasmodium vivax malaria associated with DARC (Duffy antigen) polymorphisms is influenced by the time of exposure to malaria https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-32254-z Plasmodium falciparum purine nucleoside phosphorylase is critical for viability of malaria parasites https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18957439/ Types of Malaria Parasites https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/primary-care/malaria/types.html Historical Review: Problematic Malaria Prophylaxis with Quinine https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4973170/ Quinine, an old anti-malarial drug in a modern world: role in the treatment of malaria https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3121651/ Mortality among European settlers in pre-colonial West Africa: The “White Man’s Grave” revisited https://gupea.ub.gu.se/handle/2077/49666 Malaria’s Impact Worldwide https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/malaria_worldwide/impact.html Portrait of a serial killer https://www.nature.com/articles/news021001-6 Antimalarial Drug Discovery: From Quinine to the Dream of Eradication https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ml4004414 Efficacy of a low-dose candidate malaria vaccine, R21 in adjuvant Matrix-M, with seasonal administration to children in Burkina Faso: a randomised controlled trial https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673621009430 Quinine's Target https://www.science.org/content/blog-post/quinine-s-target Quinine fever https://www.nature.com/articles/s41557-021-00872-2 Hemoglobin degradation in malaria-infected erythrocytes determined from live cell magnetophoresis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3728832/ Dramatic evolution within human genome may have been caused by malaria parasite https://www.science.org/content/article/dramatic-evolution-within-human-genome-may-have-been-caused-malaria-parasite#:~:text=vivax%20accounts%20for%20fewer%20than,parasite%20needs%20to%20gain%20entry German Empire https://www.britannica.com/place/German-Empire Berlin 1884: Remembering the conference that divided Africa https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2019/11/15/berlin-1884-remembering-the-conference-that-divided-africa

Épisode 15 - Are Wine & Food Pairings All Nonsense?

24 août 2022

Check out The Bigger Picture on @PBS : https://youtu.be/Wnr4RJxDifw Foodies know that coffee and chocolate go well together. But add garlic to the mix and you get a taste sensation that *absolutely* broke my brain. I dig into the science of flavor pairings, especially when it comes to the famous (infamous?) combo of wine and cheese. You might also like other Reactions videos: A Deep(er) Dive Into Whiskey Distilling Science: https://youtu.be/a1IruS1bKN8 The Science of Kombucha: https://youtu.be/YxARRckS9dA The Science of Maple Syrup Production: https://youtu.be/nSRCDiKMEJc Color changing tea: https://youtu.be/ORl6EKQI1ws Better Pizza Through Chemistry: https://youtu.be/m30YnuF9vUc Credits: Executive Producers: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: George Zaidan Scientific Consultants: Charles Spence, Ph.D. Leila Duman, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Sources: A Dinner Demonstration of Threshold Differences in Taste and Smell https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/science.81.2108.504 Food and beverage flavour pairing: A critical review of the literature https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32466920/ New Insights into Wine Taste: Impact of Dietary Lipids on Sensory Perceptions of Grape Tannins https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06589 What are Tannins, Really? https://www.winemag.com/2018/09/11/tannins-wine-guide/#:~:text=Tannins%20can%20stem,a%20red%20wine. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry https://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2012/vol1issue3/PartA/8.1.pdf The Science of Melting Cheese https://www.seriouseats.com/the-science-of-melting-cheese#:~:text=Technically%20speaking%2C%20cheese%20is%20an%20emulsion%20of%20dairy%20fat%20and%20water%2C%20held%20together%20by%20a%20network%20of%20proteins. Catechins https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/catechin#:~:text=Catechins%20can%20polymerize%20to%20form%20tannins%2C%20which%20can%20be%20hydrolyzable%20or%20condensed%20(proanthocyanidins)%20(Gadkari%20and%20Balaraman%2C%202015%3B%20Rauf%20et%20al.%2C%202019). FOOD PAIRING FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE VOLATILE COMPOUNDS IN FOOD DATABASE http://docplayer.net/37924766-Food-pairing-from-the-perspective-of-the-volatile-compounds-in-food-database.html Food & Wine: https://www.apps.fst.vt.edu/extension/enology/extonline/foodwine.html#:~:text=Food%20and%20wine%20pairing%20is%20almost%20entirely%20a%20matter%20of%20personal%20preference Umami synergy as the scientific principle behind taste‑pairing champagne and oysters https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-77107-w.pdf Handbook of Enology - Volume 2: The chemistry of Wine Stabilization and Treatments https://vinumvine.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/p-ribereau-gayon-y-glories-a-maujean-d-dubourdieu-handbook-of-enology-volume-2-the-chemistry-of-wine-stabilization-and-treatments.pdf Iron Is an Essential Cause of Fishy Aftertaste Formation in Wine and Seafood Pairing https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf901656k Pairing flavours and the temporal order of tasting https://flavourjournal.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13411-017-0053-0.pdf Food and beverage flavour pairing: A critical review of the literature https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32466920/

Épisode 16 - Carbon Structures from Pencils to Jetpacks

31 août 2022

Buckyballs, nanotubes, and graphene sheets have been the way of the future for *decades* but so far, the science just hasn’t lived up to the hype. Yet there are new carbon structures that pop up about once a year claiming to be the next big thing. So… how far are we actually from carbon structures revolutionizing the world and finally bringing us jetpacks? #carbon #graphene #buckyballs You might also like other Reactions videos: What is an Electron? https://youtu.be/dgqHFpP1w2k What Your Chemistry Teacher Got Wrong About Water https://youtu.be/dlHxV0Hpt5I Credits Executive Producer Matthew Radcliff Producers Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host Alex Dainis, PhD Scientific Consultants Matthew Diasio, PhD Richard Kaner, PhD Leila Duman, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Sources: Graphite and diamond structure https://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch10/carbon.php#:~:text=Graphite%20consists%20of%20extended%20planes,and%20boiling%20point%20of%20graphite.) https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-can-graphite-and-diam/#:~:text=In%20a%20diamond%2C%20the%20carbon,an%20infinite%20network%20of%20atoms. Buckyballs - “Magic Molecules” PopSci Article https://www.popsci.com/buckyball-magic-molecule/ Original Buckyballs paper https://www.nature.com/articles/318162a0 Uses of Fullerenes https://mstnano.com/fullerene-uses/ NYTimes article on Buckyballs’ “growing pains” from 2000 https://www.nytimes.com/2000/10/10/science/a-prodigious-molecule-and-its-growing-pains.html 1991 Science Magazine Molecule of the Year https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.254.5039.1705 Grow your own nanotubes https://www.technologyreview.com/2019/08/21/133477/grow-your-own-nanotubes/ Nanotubes uses and creation https://www.nanowerk.com/nanotechnology/introduction/introduction_to_nanotechnology_22.php#:~:text=In%20the%20CVD%20process%2C%20manufacturers,inside%20a%20high%2Dtemperature%20furnace.&text=The%20CVD%20process%20can%20be%20purely%20catalytic%20or%20plasma%2Dsupported. https://www.azonano.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=1782#:~:text=Buckytubes%20or%20carbon%20nanotubes%20are,at%20this%20point%20in%20time. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B0080431526001790 https://www.hitachi-hightech.com/global/products/device/semiconductor/about.html#:~:text=Semiconductors%20are%20substances%20with%20properties,Silicon%20forms%20most%20of%20ICs. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0039602801015588 https://cen.acs.org/materials/electronic-materials/Carbon-nanotube-computers-face-makebreak/97/i8;https://news.mit.edu/2020/carbon-nanotube-transistors-factory-0601 https://phys.org/news/2014-03-carbon-nanotubes-real-world-applications.html Semiconductors https://www.graphene-info.com/graphene-semiconductor Chemical vapor deposition https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876619616001819#:~:text=It%20has%20been%20reported%20that,chemical%20vapour%20deposition%20(CVD). https://www.graphenea.com/pages/cvd-graphene#.YulAFezMJmo How to make graphene https://www.nature.com/articles/nmat3944 https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/graphene-made-in-a-kitchen-blender/7282.article https://www.google.com/url?q=https://physicsworld.com/a/how-to-make-graphene/&sa=D&source=docs&ust=1659456641525480&usg=AOvVaw0vHX8uAk2E9VE1oC92eBfn Graphene facts and uses https://www.nature.com/articles/nature.2014.14676 https://www.chemistryworld.com/opinion/the-write-stuff/1010048.article https://www.popsci.com/adam-weiner/article/2008-09/when-carbon-electrical-conductor/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128158111000041#:~:text=There%20are%20four%20areas%20that,and%20other%20applications%20%5B16%5D. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsys.2019.00026/full https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2043-6262/7/2/023002 https://www.nanene.com/ https://www.techradar.com/news/dummy-40-ways-graphene-is-about-to-change-your-life Twistronics https://physicsworld.com/a/twistronics-tunes-2d-material-properties/ https://www.science.org/content/article/twisted-graphene-could-power-new-generation-superconducting-electronics#:~:text=In%202018%2C%20a%20group%20of,twisted%20one%20ever%20so%20slightly https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-020-00840-0 https://news.mit.edu/2021/physicists-create-tunable-superconductivity-twisted-graphene-nanosandwich-0201 Sheets of buckyballs https://cen.acs.org/materials/2-d-materials/Chemists-create-single-2-D/100/web/2022/06 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04771-5 Will graphene power our world soon? https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/semiconductors/our-insights/graphene-the-next-s-curve-for-semiconductors

Épisode 17 - How Roundup Kills Weeds (And How Weeds are Fighting Back)

14 septembre 2022

In 1997 there were 432 new patents for herbicides, by 2009 there were only 65. The development of broad spectrum glyphosate and “Roundup Ready crops” was a game changer that worked so well people basically stopped looking for new herbicides. That is until the weeds started fighting back. Chemical & Engineering News article on the search for new modes of action https://cen.acs.org/environment/pesticides/crop-protection-herbicide-mode-action-glyphosate/100/i22 Introduction to the Shikimate Pathway https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FlBrJW-qbXA&list=PL833687AEAAE90961&index=155 You might also like other Reactions videos: How Quinine Fights Malaria, and How That Caused* World War One https://youtu.be/wnvo53xUxP4 That Fresh Cut Grass Scent is Really a Signal of Distress https://youtu.be/suGk8eZyN34 How Can Fertilizer Explode? https://youtu.be/-SeT3N3A19c How Do Hydrangeas Change Colors? https://youtu.be/tmCxU8XY_pE The Chemistry of Poison Ivy https://youtu.be/SJEU3PT0O5g Credits: Executive Producer: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Host: Alex Dainis Scientific Consultants: Mark Loux, PhD Patrick J. Tranel, PhD Todd Gaines, PhD Mithila Jugulam, Ph.D. Leila Duman, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Additional Sources: Molecular basis for the herbicide resistance of Roundup Ready crops https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1559744/ THE SHIKIMATE PATHWAY https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.arplant.50.1.473 Why have no new herbicide modes of action appeared in recent years? https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ps.2333 The Pitfalls of Relating Weeds, Herbicide Use, and Crop Yield: Don't Fall Into the Trap! A Critical Review https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fagro.2020.615470/full The cost of herbicide resistance https://crops.extension.iastate.edu/blog/bob-hartzler/cost-herbicide-resistance Development and Characterization of a CP4 EPSPS-Based, Glyphosate-Tolerant Corn Event https://web.archive.org/web/20090319094255/http://crop.scijournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/45/1/329?ijkey=44fad6f377d5b5dfe274484eb51a4c79d0d7ff63&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha Tyrosine Biosynthesis, Metabolism, and Catabolism in Plants https://bit.ly/3CsMiiS Biosynthesis and Metabolic Fate of Phenylalanine in Conifers https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4942462/ Auxin driven indoleamine biosynthesis and the role of tryptophan as an inductive signal in Hypericum perforatum (L.) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6797091/ Finding of No Significant Impact Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Petition for Non-regulated Status for Soybean Line MON 89788 (APHIS 06-178-01p) https://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/06_17801p_ea.pdf Glyphosate resistance: state of knowledge https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ps.3743

Épisode 18 - Why Does Salt Change the Taste of Everything?

29 septembre 2022

If your coffee is too bitter, add a pinch of salt. If your salad isn’t sour enough, add a pinch of salt. If your beer is too bitter, add a pinch of salt. Salt has a seemingly magical ability to enhance good flavors and dampen bad ones. Come along on George’s epic journey into the wilds of salt science. You might also like other Reactions videos: How Does Salt Melt Ice? https://youtu.be/JkhWV2uaHaA Salt, Diamonds and DNA: 5 Surprising Facts About Crystals https://youtu.be/urq8SuPMZ_w Can We Make Ocean Water Drinkable -- and Should We? https://youtu.be/q16qpo99JEE Is MSG Bad for You? https://youtu.be/VJw8r_YWJ9k The Science of Maple Syrup Production https://youtu.be/nSRCDiKMEJc Credits: Executive Producer: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: George Zaidan Scientific Consultants: Gary Beauchamp, Ph.D. Michelle Boucher, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Sources: An overview of binary taste-taste interactions https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-3293(02)00110-6 Handbook of Perception Volume 6A - Edward C. Carterette - Google Books https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=XdgC8UDWfh4C&oi=fnd&pg=PA3&dq=the+history+of+taste+research&ots=39cJ2ggnBj&sig=1SfgE5KEu_srfGbqsX8Rcey9-cQ#v=onepage&q=catfish&f=false The taste of table salt - PMC https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4326615/ Bitterness suppression as revealed by split-tongue taste stimulation in humans - ScienceDirect https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0031938485904123?fr=RR-2&ref=pdf_download&rr=750e1737fb669c1e Taste of Sodium Chloride Solutions after Adaptation to Sodium Chloride: Implications for the "Water Taste" | Science https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.143.3609.967

Épisode 19 - Is DNA the Future of Data Storage?

26 octobre 2022

Could the future of data storage be DNA? It’s the original format after all, storing the information needed to build every living thing. and it has a handful of qualities that would make it perfect to store all the digital information in our world. With recent advances in DNA sequencing and DNA printing, it’s technically possible. But there are a few obstacles to overcome before this sci-fi sounding tech can become a household reality. You might also like other Reactions videos: Can Science Replace Blood Transfusions? https://youtu.be/Uy8p_Yzpe6o But Could CBD Make You Fail a Drug Test? https://youtu.be/BzmZ_sb5dZk How Quinine Fights Malaria, and How That Caused* World War One https://youtu.be/wnvo53xUxP4 Death and Decomposition https://youtu.be/OBWnPo9UufE Why is Carbon the Key to Life? (On Earth, Anyway) https://youtu.be/VUiDwrM2YPI Credits: Executive Producer: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Host: Alex Dainis Scientific Consultants: Mark Bathe, PhD Karin Strauss, PhD Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Additional Sources: https://lewisdgavin.medium.com/googles-data-footprint-will-blow-your-mind-2237cf8e0d4#:~:text=200%20Petabytes%20of%20data%20per,Search%20is%20handling%20per%20day. https://www.genengnews.com/topics/omics/dna/could-we-store-all-of-the-worlds-data-in-a-coffee-mug-full-of-dna/ https://brighterworld.mcmaster.ca/articles/ancient-dna-found-in-soil-samples-reveals-mammoths-yukon-wild-horses-survived-thousands-of-years-longer-than-believed/ https://phys.org/news/2017-03-short-movie-dna.html https://www.twistbioscience.com/blog/perspectives/dna-data-storage-setting-data-density-record-dna-fountain https://www.twistbioscience.com/blog/science/simple-guide-phosphoramidite-chemistry-and-how-it-fits-twist-biosciences-commercial#:~:text=Phosphoramidite%20chemistry%20is%20the%20gold,200%20base%20pairs%20in%20length. https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=2355§ionid=185844443#:~:text=Nucleosides%20have%20a%20nitrogenous%20base,in%20ribonucleic%20acid%20or%20RNA. https://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/phosphate-backbone-273/ https://www.twistbioscience.com/blog/science/simple-guide-phosphoramidite-chemistry-and-how-it-fits-twist-biosciences-commercial#:~:text=Phosphoramidite%20chemistry%20is%20the%20gold,200%20base%20pairs%20in%20length. https://www.twistbioscience.com/blog/science/simple-guide-phosphoramidite-chemistry-and-how-it-fits-twist-biosciences-commercial#:~:text=Phosphoramidite%20chemistry%20is%20the%20gold,200%20base%20pairs%20in%20length. https://www.genengnews.com/topics/omics/dna/could-we-store-all-of-the-worlds-data-in-a-coffee-mug-full-of-dna/ https://www.nature.com/articles/s41563-021-01021-3 https://www.genengnews.com/topics/omics/dna/could-we-store-all-of-the-worlds-data-in-a-coffee-mug-full-of-dna/ https://www.genengnews.com/topics/omics/dna/could-we-store-all-of-the-worlds-data-in-a-coffee-mug-full-of-dna/ https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-020-0695-9 https://cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/dna/Enzymatic-DNA-synthesis-significant-new/100/i3 https://dnastoragealliance.org/why/

Épisode 21 - What Science Says About Brining Your Bird

23 novembre 2022

George and Andrew violently disagree on whether brining meat matters. George thinks brining is totally unnecessary; Andrew thinks George is a heathen. They resolve their dispute with the help of some chemistry, a blind tasting, and DC’s very own Roaming Rooster. Serving Up Science on PBS Food https://youtu.be/Mi84o9ZKuXs For a guide on how to brine turkey (*not* 5 days) see J. Kenji’s comprehensive blog post: https://www.seriouseats.com/the-food-lab-the-truth-about-brining-turkey-thanksgiving You might also like other Reactions videos: Why the Maillard Reaction Makes Everything Delicious: https://youtu.be/rs1JLYXROVU Frying Your Way to Better Chicken: https://youtu.be/Vjj2OJBOQ_0 The Science of J. Kenji López-Alt's Roasted Potato Recipe: https://youtu.be/fehedawj1DM How to Fry a Thanksgiving Turkey Without Burning Your House Down: https://youtu.be/t9Dhhxnvt2Y Better Grilling Through Chemistry: https://youtu.be/RqUEh-B-U-k What is the Future of Fake Meat? https://youtu.be/uOT2_LNJmzg Credits: Executive Producer: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Laurence Vuckovic Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: George Zaidan Scientific Consultants: Dr. Mark Jones, Ph.D. Brianne Raccor, Ph.D. Michelle Boucher, Ph.D. Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Sources: Polarized but illusory beliefs about tap and bottled water: A product- and consumer-oriented survey and blind tasting experiment - ScienceDirect https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969718322666 Consumer preference for chicken breast may be more affected by information on organic production than by product sensory properties - ScienceDirect https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579119395847#! CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND PREFERENCE OF BOTTLED AND TAP WATER - TEILLET - 2010 - Journal of Sensory Studies - Wiley Online Library https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1745-459X.2010.00280.x Different actions of salt and pyrophosphate on protein extraction from myofibrils reveal the mechanism controlling myosin dissociation - Shen - 2016 - Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26085314/ Histological Study of Ultrastructural Changes in Muscle Exposed to Various Concentrations of NaCl Brine - Astruc - 2018 - Journal of Food Science - Wiley Online Library https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.14122 Techniques for postmortem tenderisation in meat processing: effectiveness, application and possible mechanisms | Food Production, Processing and Nutrition | Full Text https://fppn.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s43014-021-00062-0 Structure of Muscle Fibers (IB Biology) - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iFreCZ8XiZg Myology - Skeletal Muscle (Sarcomere, Myosin and Actin) - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MZJ6kTKDFmw Science of Brining https://www.scienceofcooking.com/science-of-brining.html On the mechanism of water holding in meat: The swelling and shrinking of myofibrils - PubMed https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22055626/ The Food Lab's Definitive Guide to Buying, Prepping, Cooking, and Carving Your Holiday Turkey https://www.seriouseats.com/buying-prepping-cooking-carving-thanksgiving-turkey-complete-guide-food-lab The Right Way to Brine Turkey | The Food Lab https://www.seriouseats.com/the-food-lab-the-truth-about-brining-turkey-thanksgiving How to Brine a Turkey for Thanksgiving https://www.seriouseats.com/quick-and-dirty-guide-to-brining-turkey-chicken-thanksgiving Physical Characteristics and Sensory Evaluation of Cooked Pectoralis superficialis from Broiler Carcasses Chilled in Water or Brine Solutions Under Commercial Time and Temperature Conditions - ScienceDirect https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0640664 The Effect of Water Soaking, Brining and Cooking Procedure on Tenderness of Broilers1 https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0551494 A Comparison of Brined and Unbrined Paired Broiler Carcass-Halves for Tenderness1 https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0610716 Physical Characteristics of Pectoralis superficialis from Brine-Chilled Broiler Carcasses1 https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0620433

Épisode 22 - Time to Strike Antifreeze Off Your List of Usable Poisons

21 décembre 2022

Correction: 1:43 The left side of the graph should be labeled as Celsius, and the right side should be labeled as Fahrenheit. Ethylene glycol is the most common ingredient in automotive antifreeze. But for years it was used in homicidal poisonings. What made this household chemical so dangerous? And why is it no longer a viable poison? #chemistry #poison #antifreeze You might also like other Reactions videos: You Don't Understand Water (and Neither Does Anyone Else) https://youtu.be/dlHxV0Hpt5I How is Whiskey Made? A Deeper Dive Into Distilling. https://youtu.be/a1IruS1bKN8 Why Does Salt Change the Taste of Everything? https://youtu.be/dWatMuHZIxE Chemistry Life Hacks for Winter Survival (CLH Vol. 5) https://youtu.be/cJQ66JvuRaY How Do Snowflakes Form? https://youtu.be/-6zr2eLpduI Catalytic Converter Stolen? Here's Why. https://youtu.be/I1YLPfSuNXY Credits: Executive Producer: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Host: Alex Dainis Scientific Consultants: William Porter, Ph.D. Michelle Boucher, Ph.D. Leila Duman, Ph.D. Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Sources: Intentional Ethylene Glycol Poisoning Increase after Media Coverage of Antifreeze Murders https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3117604/ Woman pleads guilty to killing husband with antifreeze https://www.delawareonline.com/story/news/local/2017/02/06/woman-pleads-guilty-killing-husband-antifreeze/97544316/ Homicidal Ethylene Glycol Intoxication https://journals.lww.com/amjforensicmedicine/Abstract/2006/06000/Homicidal_Ethylene_Glycol_Intoxication__A_Report.11.aspx Ethylene glycol poisoning: Quintessential clinical toxicology; analytical conundrum https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S000989811100595X# Ethylene Glycol Toxicity https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537009/ Alcohol Dehydrogenases https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/alcohol-dehydrogenases Why Is Antifreeze So Delicious? https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2004/07/why-is-antifreeze-so-delicious.html Bitter and sweet components of ethanol taste in humans https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10940547/ Alcohol Metabolism: An Update https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/aa72/aa72.htm Biochemistry, Lactate Dehydrogenase https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557536/ Signal transduction and information processing in mammalian taste buds https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3723147/ What Are the Toxicological Effects of Ethylene Glycol Poisoning? https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/ethylene-propylene-glycol/toxicological_effects.html#:~:text=Ethylene%20glycol%20is%20a%20central,cause%20serious%20or%20fatal%20toxicity Antifreeze and Engine Coolant Being Bittered Nationwide https://web.archive.org/web/20121228225407/http://www.cspa.org/news-media-center/news-releases/2012/12/antifreeze-and-engine-coolant-being-bittered-nationwide The impact of bittering agents on pediatric ingestions of antifreeze https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19571333/ The impact of bittering agents on suicidal ingestions of antifreeze https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18584362/ Toxicology of E-Cigarette Constituents https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507184/ Food additive could serve as a safer, more environmentally friendly antifreeze https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/554583

Épisode 23 - 74,963 Kinds of Ice

10 janvier 2023

Correction: 6:33 Dipole moments are typically represented going positive to negative, rather than negative to positive. There are somewhere between 20 and 74,963 kinds of ice. Water can do all kinds of weird stuff when it freezes. So far scientists have experimentally shown crystal structures for 19 kinds of ice. Or maybe 20, depending on who you ask. We’re going to charge through as many as we can in ten minutes or so. #chemistry #kindsofice #hydrogenbonds You might also like other Reactions videos: How Does Salt Melt Ice? https://youtu.be/JkhWV2uaHaA Chemistry Life Hacks for Winter Survival (CLH Vol. 5) https://youtu.be/cJQ66JvuRaY Time to Strike Antifreeze Off Your List of Usable Poisons: https://youtu.be/37RRmMeNg1I How Do Snowflakes Form? https://youtu.be/-6zr2eLpduI Can You Cryogenically Freeze Your Body and Come Back to Life? https://youtu.be/Wk2NxBYCe6s The Cold Truth About Fat https://youtu.be/p-yVmpQoDTk Credits: Executive Producer: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Alex Dainis Scientific Consultants: Leila Duman, Ph.D. Thomas Loerting, Ph.D. Brianne Raccor, Ph.D. Christoph Salzmann, Ph.D. Christina Tonauer Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Sources: Snowflake symmetry, hexagonal ice https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-are-snowflakes-symmet/#:~:text=Water%20molecules%20in%20the%20solid,hexagonal%20shape%20of%20the%20snowflake. Cubic Ice in the atmosphere https://www.nature.com/articles/nature03403 Overviews of many different structures of crystalline ice https://www.nature.com/articles/s42004-020-00349-2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xW963rTpPhQ Ice VII in diamonds https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29590042/ Sublattices of Ice VI and VII https://physics.nd.edu/assets/80456/hernandez_jordan.pdf Extreme structure of Ice X https://crystallography365.wordpress.com/2014/07/19/ice-x-the-extreme-form-of-ice/ 3D structures of Ice http://jupiter.chem.uoa.gr/thanost/papers/papers2/JCP_150(2019)060901.pdf Water structure and science https://water.lsbu.ac.uk/water/water_structure_science.html Crystal forms of ice https://crystalsymmetry.wordpress.com/2018/05/01/ice-ii-ice-two/ Ice IV is metastable and disordered https://aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/1.1677596 Amorphous ice https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002230931400458X Computational ice modeling https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-04618-6

Épisode 24 - Why Calcium Hydroxide + Corn is Key to Understanding Western Civilization (and Tacos)

1 février 2023

Corn tortillas may seem like an everyday, regular food item – but these pressed corn patties hold a secret almost as old as civilization itself. #tacos #foodscience #corn You might also like other Reactions videos: How to Make the Best Nacho Cheese: https://youtu.be/uwBq7MMY_xI The Science of Avocados: https://youtu.be/YKDoNtlvsMU Frying Your Way to Better Chicken: https://youtu.be/Vjj2OJBOQ_0 Why is Pizza So Good? https://youtu.be/tOkCgAwhh9U What Science Says About Brining Your Bird https://youtu.be/MlXSRQnIDYI The Delicious Chemistry of Sushi: https://youtu.be/6F_OWtoTTrA Credits: Executive Producer: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: George Zaidan Scientific Consultants: Brianne Raccor, Ph.D. Natalia Palacios-Rojas, Ph.D. Michelle Boucher, Ph.D. Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Sources: The Origin of Corn - Galinat - 1988 - Agronomy Monographs - Wiley Online Library https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2134/agronmonogr18.3ed.c1 Effect of Microwave Heating during Alkaline‐Cooking of Aflatoxin Contaminated Maize https://ift-onlinelibrary-wiley-com.libproxy.mit.edu/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01980.x https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21535794/ Technological properties of maize tortillas produced by microwave nixtamalization with variable alkalinity https://www.aflatoxinpartnership.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Technological-properties-of-maize-tortillas-produced-by-microwave-nixtamalization-with-variable-alkalinity.pdf Effect of Processing on the Phytochemical Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Corn for Production of Masa, Tortillas, and Tortilla Chips | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf063487p Variation in Availability of Niacin in Grain Products https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/download/23799/pdf Transforming Corn | Cook's Illustrated https://www.americastestkitchen.com/cooksillustrated/science/789-articles/feature/transforming-corn Everything You Ever Needed to Know About Nixtamalization But Didn’t Know to Ask all things hominy https://allthingshominy.com/2015/10/08/everything-you-ever-needed-to-know-about-nixtamalization-but-didnt-know-to-ask/ The Tortilla Cartel | TASTE https://tastecooking.com/the-tortilla-cartel/ Easy Nixtamalized Corn Tortillas Recipe https://www.seriouseats.com/nixtamalized-corn-tortilla-masa-recipe Biological Properties of Vitamins of the B-Complex, Part 1: Vitamins B1, B2, B3, and B5 - PMC https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8839250/ Effects of Different Processing Methods on the Micronutrient and Phytochemical Contents of Maize: From A to Z - Suri - 2016 - Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety - Wiley Online Library https://ift-onlinelibrary-wiley-com.libproxy.mit.edu/doi/full/10.1111/1541-4337.12216 Understanding the functionality and manufacturing of nixtamalized maize products - ScienceDirect https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0733521021000461 Alkaline Hydrolysis - Cremation Association of North America (CANA) https://www.cremationassociation.org/page/alkalinehydrolysis Physical and chemical changes undergone by pericarp and endosperm during corn nixtamalization-A review - ScienceDirect https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0733521018300699 Flowchart Showing the Uses of Corn, 2009 | IDCA https://iowaculture.gov/history/education/educator-resources/primary-source-sets/iowas-corn-and-agriculture-industry/flowchart-corn

Épisode 25 - How a Chemist Makes the Softest Bread You'll Ever Eat

15 février 2023

Want to make the fluffiest bread possible? Then you need the technique called starch gelatinization. Based on the Chinese tangzhong and Japanese yudane methods, this involves breaking down starch’s symmetry, pushing water between amylose and amylopectin molecules, and using high temperature to gelatinize the starch before making it into dough. But don’t just take our word for it, we made 3 loaves of bread to put the science to the test. The recipe Alex followed is from the New York Times: https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1016275-japanese-milk-bread You might also like other Reactions videos: Better Pizza Through Chemistry: https://youtu.be/m30YnuF9vUc Why New York Has the Best Bagels: https://youtu.be/MrjLz207SzY The Ultimate Donut Battle: Cake vs. Yeast: https://youtu.be/u68ZnxzWj5k Better Pancakes Through Chemistry: https://youtu.be/pMhrV9sRjqI Credits: Executive Producer: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Alex Dainis, Ph.D. Scientific Consultants: Leila Duman, Ph.D. Diana Maricruz Pérez Santos, PhD Brianne Raccor, Ph.D. Yikai Ren, M.Sc. David Seung, Ph.D. Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2023 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Sources: The Guide to Tangzhong and Yudane: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2Bhe16kvCI Bulk and Surface Chemical Composition of Wheat Flour Particles of Different Sizes: https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jchem/2019/5101684.pdf Starch Definition: https://www.biologyonline.com/dictionary/starch Difference Between Amylose and Amylopectin: https://byjus.com/biology/difference-between-amylose-and-amylopectin/ Starch and Starch Granules: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9780470015902.a0001294.pub2 The wonders of salivary amylase: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/news/wonders-salivary-amylase#:~:text=Salivary%20amylase%2C%20encoded%20by%20the,final%20steps%20of%20carbohydrate%20digestion Effects of Cooking Temperatures and Starch Source on the Gelatinization and Thickening Power of Roux: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15428052.2011.627251?journalCode=wcsc20 Bread staling: https://www.greekchemistinthekitchen.com/post/bread-staling The Science Behind… scalded flour: https://thebreadmaiden.com/2016/02/18/the-science-behind-scalded-flour/comment-page-1/ Pane Grano Arso - Burnt Wheat Bread: https://www.thefreshloaf.com/node/55188/pane-grano-arso How to make tangzhong: https://www.theperfectloaf.com/guides/how-to-make-tangzhong/ Characterization of starch–water interactions and their effects on two key functional properties: starch gelatinization and retrogradation: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2214799321000011

Épisode 26 - Why Are Electric Vehicle Fires So Hard To Put Out?

1 mars 2023

Can we solve electric vehicle fires before we fully understand what’s happening inside them? #lithium #EV #fire You might also like other Reactions videos: How Do Lithium-Ion Batteries Work? https://youtu.be/zUlbHMDCosI How Do Hydrogen Fuel Cells Work? https://youtu.be/R6AdX-bdDaw What Makes Smartphones Explode? https://youtu.be/pY-kzHn9kvo The World's Biggest Batteries Aren't What You Think: https://youtu.be/TIWIXzCwC8g How Do They Make Maple Syrup? https://youtu.be/nSRCDiKMEJc Is DNA the Future of Data Storage? https://youtu.be/jQOKbkyG1Jg Credits: Executive Producer: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: George Zaidan Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, Ph.D. Leila Duman, Ph.D. Donal Finegan, Ph.D. Sunil Mair, Ph.D. Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2023 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Processes | Free Full-Text | A Review of Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Runaway Modeling and Diagnosis Approaches https://www-mdpi-com.libproxy.mit.edu/2227-9717/10/6/1192 Investigating the thermal runaway mechanisms of lithium-ion batteries based on thermal analysis database - ScienceDirect https://www-sciencedirect-com.libproxy.mit.edu/science/article/pii/S0306261919306348#b0120 Abuse behavior of high-power, lithium-ion cells Abuse behavior of high-power, lithium-ion cells Identifying the Cause of Rupture of Li-Ion Batteries during Thermal Runaway - Finegan - 2018 - Advanced Science - Wiley Online Library https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/advs.201700369 In-operando high-speed tomography of lithium-ion batteries during thermal runaway | Nature Communications https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms7924 Thermal-runaway experiments on consumer Li-ion batteries with metal-oxide and olivin-type cathodes - RSC Advances (RSC Publishing) DOI:10.1039/C3RA45748F https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2013/ra/c3ra45748f Modelling and experiments to identify high-risk failure scenarios for testing the safety of lithium-ion cells - ScienceDirect - Finegan https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775319300874 A review of lithium ion battery failure mechanisms and fire prevention strategies - ScienceDirect https://www-sciencedirect-com.libproxy.mit.edu/science/article/pii/S0360128518301801?via%3Dihub Sodium comes to the battery world https://cen.acs.org/business/inorganic-chemicals/Sodium-comes-battery-world/100/i19 Lithium Battery Incidents | Federal Aviation Administration https://www.faa.gov/hazmat/resources/lithium_batteries/incidents IAFC Response to EV Fires https://www.iafc.org/docs/default-source/1haz/respondingtoelectricalvehiclefires.pdf What Batteries Are Tesla Using In Its Electric Cars? https://insideevs.com/news/587455/batteries-tesla-using-electric-cars/ 2.60 S2020 Lecture 11: Batteries and Energy Storage https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-60j-fundamentals-of-advanced-energy-conversion-spring-2020/ed4b85c28d16b5cc2dd0d2635a5723f4_MIT2_60s20_lec11.pdf Thermal Behavior of Lithium- and Sodium-Ion Batteries: A Review on Heat Generation, Battery Degradation, Thermal Runway – Perspective and Future Directions | Energy & Fuels https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c02889 Incidents in the chemical industry due to thermal-runaway chemical reactions https://www.icheme.org/media/10474/x-paper-02.pdf Kinetics-3.pptx https://www.chem.tamu.edu/rgroup/hughbanks/courses/102/slides/slides17_2.pdf Progress in electrolytes for rechargeable Li-based batteries and beyond - ScienceDirect https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468025716300218#:~:text=Most%20of%20the,solvents%20are%20listed. Forging temperature - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forging_temperature Tesla fire takes over two hours, 20,000 gallons of water to extinguish after Wakefield crash, police say - The Boston Globe https://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/01/20/metro/tesla-fire-takes-over-two-hours-20000-gallons-water-extinguish-after-wakefield-crash-police-say/?camp=bg%3Abrief%3Arss%3Afeedly&rss_id=feedly_rss_brief&s_campaign=bostonglobe%3Asocialflow%3Atwitter Tesla car battery 'spontaneously' catches fire, requiring 6,000 gallons of water to put it out https://www.nbcnews.com/business/business-news/tesla-car-battery-fire-needed-6000-gallons-water-to-extinguish-rcna68153 Tesla Model X catches fire at the S. Korean service center. https://pickool.net/fire-at-tesla-service-center-in-s-korea-raises-safety-concerns-among-owners/ E-Droschke fackelt nieder: Tiefe Trauer um Mannis Tesla | Regional | BILD.de https://www.bild.de/regional/hamburg/hamburg-aktuell/e-droschke-fackelt-nieder-tiefe-trauer-um-mannis-tesla-81718020.bild.html All Reported Tesla Fires ? | Tesla Fire https://www.tesla-fire.com/

Épisode 27 - EU’s Ban On Tattoo Ink: Breaking Down the Chemistry

23 mars 2023

Recently, a handful of tattoo inks have been banned by the European Union for safety reasons. Blue 15:3 and Green 7 made its way onto the banned list and tattoo artists are having a difficult time finding replacements for these two colors. Here’s what chemistry has to say about these precarious pigments. #tattoos #tattooink #inkban #eutattooinkban You might also like other Reactions videos: Why are Tattoos Permanent?: https://youtu.be/Fs9rR4W0EeA Why Calcium Hydroxide + Corn is Key to Understanding Western Civilization (and Tacos): https://youtu.be/_LKe9hmXdvM Better Pizza Through Chemistry: https://youtu.be/m30YnuF9vUc Death and Decomposition: https://youtu.be/OBWnPo9UufE Credits: Executive Producer: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Alex Dainis Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, Ph.D. Brianne Raccor, Ph.D. Michelle Boucher, Ph.D. John Swierk, Ph.D. Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2023 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Sources: https://cen.acs.org/articles/85/i46/Tattoo-Ink.html https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/02/13/965549858/as-scientists-study-tattoo-ink-safety-europe-bans-two-widely-used-pigments https://www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/did-you-know-general-science/why-do-tattoos-stay-our-skin https://www.theregreview.org/2022/04/07/chung-unregulation-of-tattoo-ink/#:~:text=In%20the%20United%20States%2C%20the,approach%20to%20regulating%20ink%20safety. https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/02/13/965549858/as-scientists-study-tattoo-ink-safety-europe-bans-two-widely-used-pigments https://www.akerman.com/en/perspectives/new-fda-regulatory-framework-for-cosmetics-the-modernization-of-cosmetics-regulation-act-of-2022-mocra.html https://quantumtattooink.com/blog-everything-about-tattoo-ink-quantum-tattoo-inks/what-is-reach-and-why-does-it-matter/#:~:text=REACH%20stands%20for%20%E2%80%9CRegistration%2C%20Evaluation,they%20deem%20to%20be%20hazardous. https://cen.acs.org/analytical-chemistry/Tattoo-industry-faces-ink-makeover/100/i43 https://www.acs.org/molecule-of-the-week/archive/p/phthalocyanine.html https://www.acsh.org/news/2022/09/09/tattoos-can-theoretically-cause-cancer-so-can-removing-them-16541 https://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/benzene/basics/facts.asp https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Hydrogen-Cyanide https://www.nature.com/articles/srep12915 https://doi.org/10.1002/lsm.20618 https://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/2b4533af-f717-4bff-939b-2320fb43b462 https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/516649 https://www.painfulpleasures.com/community/blog/tattoo/save-pigments-eu-ban-blue-153-and-green-7/ https://www.premiumtattooremoval.com/chemistry-of-tattoo-ink https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.201904416 https://www.dw.com/en/new-eu-ink-rules-force-tattoo-artists-to-change-their-spots/a-60356164#:~:text=There%20is%20no%20alternative%20for,impossible%2C%22%20said%20tattooist%20Bold.

Épisode 41 - What is Amorphous Ice?

31 mai 2023

We’ve told you water is weirder than you think, and that there are potentially over 70,000 different forms of ice. But there’s something we haven’t told you about yet… amorphous ice, a weird, glassy, unusual and, well, amorphous form of ice. It’s found on icy moons and comets and maybe even in your cocktail shaker… if you’re making industrial strength cocktails! Follow us on a journey through water, ice, and maybe even some superionic structures. #chemistry #h2o #amorphoussolids You might also like other Reactions videos: 74,963 Kinds of Ice: https://youtu.be/2UmcO-qtdlM How Does Salt Melt Ice? https://youtu.be/JkhWV2uaHaA A new form of ice! https://youtube.com/shorts/qnGChhgqXSw?feature=share Burning Ice from the Ocean Floor: https://youtu.be/ghQWICNY0aY How Science Affects Your Ice Cream https://youtu.be/-rlapUkWCSM Credits: Executive Producer: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Alex Dainis Scientific Consultants: Martin Chaplin, PhD Marius Millot, PhD Brianne Raccor, PhD Michelle Boucher, PhD …. Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2023 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Sources: https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1407277111 https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ab0d89 http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Ge-Hy/Glass.html https://www.princeton.edu/news/2017/10/02/studies-amorphous-ice-reveal-hidden-order-glass https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq2105 https://water.lsbu.ac.uk/water/cluster_evidence.html#LDA https://water.lsbu.ac.uk/water/amorphous_ice.html https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/03/science/new-ice-glass.html?smtyp=cur&smid=tw-nytimesscience https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08232 https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2020JE006796#:~:text=Ice%20clouds%20made%20up%20of,phases%20of%20ice%20might%20form. https://www.nasa.gov/topics/universe/features/cosmic-ice.html https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/PSJ/abe7ec/pdf

Épisode 44 - The End of Haber Bosch

21 juin 2023

Correction: 7:20 The electrons in this equation should have a "-" indicating negative charge. Billions of people rely on a single, hundred-year-old chemical reaction every day: nitrogen gas + hydrogen gas → ammonia. This simple, short reaction is a hidden monster: it consumes 1% of the world’s TOTAL energy supply and releases 2% of the world’s TOTAL carbon dioxide emissions. Join George on a quest to discover whether the Haber-Bosch reaction’s time is *finally* up. You might also like other Reactions videos: This Toxic Gas is Responsible for Almost All Our Food: https://youtu.be/YnTYn0lr_mM How Can Fertilizer Explode? https://youtu.be/-SeT3N3A19c Why Calcium Hydroxide + Corn is Key to Understanding Western Civilization (and Tacos) https://youtu.be/_LKe9hmXdvM This is made of plants. Why do we call it “meat”? https://youtu.be/0PdLHZVQYQs This Chemistry life hack is a lie: https://youtube.com/shorts/FOgO_EuaYsQ?feature=share Credits: Executive Producer: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer: Andrew Sobey Host: George Zaidan Scientific Consultants: Alexandr Simonov, Ph.D. Leila Duman, Ph.D. Brianne Raccor, Ph.D. Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell Reactions is a production of the #AmericanChemicalSociety. © 2023 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Sources: https://cen.acs.org/environment/green-chemistry/Industrial-ammonia-production-emits-CO2/97/i24 https://cen.acs.org/environment/green-chemistry/Chemists-make-N-NH-efficient/100/i27 https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abg2371 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05108-y https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2015/ee/c5ee01215e https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24242766/#:~:text=Collisionally%20activated%20dissociation%20and%20neutralization,OH2. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41929-019-0280-0 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/002207289303025K https://doi.org/10.1038/s41929-020-0455-8

Épisode 47 - Why are Mosquitos So Obsessed with Me?

12 juillet 2023

If you feel like mosquitos flock to you over everyone else at the barbecue… you’re not imagining it. Some of us really do attract mosquitos more than others, based on the chemicals exuded from our skin. What are they, how did scientists figure it out, and how can you outsmart them anyways? #mosquito #chemistry You might also like other Reactions videos: Zika, Mosquitoes and How to Not Get Bitten: https://youtu.be/GBpheE7LrqE How Do You Catch Fruit Flies? https://youtu.be/GL2ImHRxUD0 How Do Bees Make Honey? https://youtu.be/Hq0SBwkLvUo How a Chemist Makes the Softest Bread You'll Ever Eat: https://youtu.be/3ziMBDPMuP8 How Roundup Kills Weeds (And How Weeds are Fighting Back): https://youtu.be/vsbYyUfLwh8 Why Do Wasps Attack? - Reactions Q&A: https://youtu.be/_YUGorDRQRU Credits: Executive Producer: Matthew Radcliff Producers: Elaine Seward Andrew Sobey Darren Weaver Writer/Host: Alex Dainis Scientific Consultants: Michelle Boucher, Ph.D. Leila Duman, Ph.D. Leslie Vosshall, Ph.D. …. Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell Reactions is a production of the American Chemical Society. © 2023 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. Sources: https://youtu.be/rD8SmacBUcU?t=84 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1751616118305940 https://ashpublications.org/blood/article/111/4/2007/133305/Inhibition-of-collagen-induced-platelet https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0006439 https://www.britannica.com/story/why-do-mosquito-bites-itch https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0092867422012533 https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(22)01253-3 https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(23)00532-8 https://www.acs.org/molecule-of-the-week/archive/e/eucalyptol.html https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2018.10.053

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Épisodes

Épisode 1 - Chemistry Life Hacks (Vol. 1)

Épisode 2 - Five Black Chemists Who Changed the World

Épisode 3 - The Chemistry of Love

Épisode 4 - How is Artificial Snow Made?

Épisode 5 - The Chemistry of Sriracha: Hot Sauce Science

Épisode 6 - The World's Most Misunderstood Spice: Allspice

Épisode 7 - The Chemistry of Pepper: The Spice that Changed the World

Épisode 8 - How Do Breathalyzers Work?

Épisode 9 - How Survive a Zombie Apocalypse with Death Cologne

Épisode 10 - Cringeworthy Chemistry Jokes

Épisode 11 - Why Do We Get Allergies?

Épisode 12 - The Science of Caffeine: The World's Most Popular Drug

Épisode 13 - How Does Marijuana Work?

Épisode 14 - Raychelle Burks on Poisons, Medicine, and Communicating Science

Épisode 15 - Inside the Game of Thrones Poison, the Strangler

Épisode 16 - 4 Amazing Science Facts about Pregnancy

Épisode 17 - What Causes Morning Sickness?

Épisode 18 - Chemistry Life Hacks for Everyday Problems (Vol. 2)

Épisode 19 - How Smartphones Keep You Awake

Épisode 20 - Why Does Bacon Smell So Good?

Épisode 21 - How Thomas Edison Changed The World

Épisode 22 - Why Does Garlic Make Your Breath Smell?

Épisode 23 - How Science Affects Your Ice Cream

Épisode 24 - Sexy Chemistry

Épisode 25 - The Chemistry of Fireworks

Épisode 26 - World Cup Chemistry: The Science Behind the Brazuca Ball

Épisode 27 - How Much Cocaine is on Your Money?

Épisode 28 - How Does Tylenol Work? The truth Is--We Don't Know

Épisode 29 - But Why Do Dogs Smell Each Other's Butts?

Épisode 30 - How Do Rockets Work? (Featuring KSP)

Épisode 31 - Salt, Diamonds and DNA: 5 Surprising Facts About Crystals

Épisode 32 - Is it OK to Pee in the Ocean?

Épisode 33 - Is MSG Bad for You?

Épisode 34 - Do Mega Sharks Still Exist?

Épisode 35 - Awesome Chemistry Life Hacks (Vol. 3)

Épisode 36 - What's in your Smartphone?

Épisode 37 - Why Do Leaves Change Color?

Épisode 38 - Why Does Beer Get Skunked?

Épisode 39 - Why Does Toothpaste Make Orange Juice Taste Bad?

Épisode 40 - Why is Pizza So Good?

Épisode 41 - Why Do Things Taste Sweet?

Épisode 42 - What Happens to Your Body When You Die?

Épisode 43 - We Are Made of "Star Stuff"

Épisode 44 - Accidental Discoveries That Changed The World

Épisode 45 - The Chemistry of Cats

Épisode 46 - What Happens When You Eat Too Much?

Épisode 47 - How Much Water Can Kill You?

Épisode 48 - Baking Soda Life Hacks (CLH Vol. 4)

Épisode 49 - Do Carrots Help You See Better?

Épisode 50 - How is Champagne Made?

Épisode 1 - How Does Salt Melt Ice?

Épisode 2 - Tricking the Nazis and Transforming Medicine: George de Hevesy

Épisode 3 - Chemistry Life Hacks for Winter Survival (CLH Vol. 5)

Épisode 4 - How Does Moisturizer Work?

Épisode 5 - The Woman Who Saved the U.S. Space Race (And Other Unsung Scientists)

Épisode 6 - How Do Pheromones Work?

Épisode 7 - Why Do Roses Smell So Sweet? - GTKAM

Épisode 8 - Mind-Blowing Movie Explosions Explained

Épisode 9 - How Do Jeans Get Blue?

Épisode 10 - Why is Carbon Monoxide So Deadly? - GTKAM

Épisode 11 - Is Vaping Safer Than Cigarettes?

Épisode 12 - The Chemistry of Poison Ivy

Épisode 13 - Craft Beer Chemistry

Épisode 14 - What's the Difference Between Sugar and High Fructose Corn Syrup?

Épisode 15 - Chemistry Jokes! (Round 2)

Épisode 16 - Why Too Much Stress Is Bad For You

Épisode 17 - Game of Thrones Science: Sword Making and Valyrian Steel

Épisode 18 - How Can You See an Atom?

Épisode 19 - DIY Cleaning Hacks (Chemistry Life Hacks Vol. 6)

Épisode 20 - The Dawn of Chemical Warfare

Épisode 21 - The Science of the Avengers

Épisode 22 - The Science of Avocados

Épisode 23 - How Does Adderall™ Work?

Épisode 24 - Why New York Has the Best Bagels

Épisode 25 - No, Your Microwave Isn't Trying to Kill You

Épisode 26 - Another Reason To Drink (In Moderation) - Food Myths #3

Épisode 27 - Are Frozen Veggies Less Healthy? - Food Myths #2